VC++ 编程荟萃(1-20)

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-18 23:50:10 发布

moonshine2002

最新推荐文章于 2021-07-18 23:50:10 发布

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分类专栏： VC编程荟萃文章标签： vc++ 编程 null command styles class

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/moonshine2002/article/details/4084702

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01 菜单栏热键

//系统资源.res IDR_MAINFRAME ACCELERATORS PRELOAD MOVEABLE PURE BEGIN "L", IDM_MENUACCE, VIRTKEY, SHIFT, CONTROL,NOINVERT END //通过资源来映射快捷键,ctrl+shift+l 与 IDM资源号对应它的点击事件. //view.h protected: //{{AFX_MSG(CMenuAcceView) afx_msg void OnMenuacce(); //}}AFX_MSG //view.cpp BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CMenuAcceView, CView) //{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CMenuAcceView) ON_COMMAND(IDM_MENUACCE, OnMenuacce) //}}AFX_MSG_MAP END_MESSAGE_MAP() void CMenuAcceView::OnMenuacce() { MessageBox ( "菜单快捷键实例");//弹出一个消息框 }

02 动态创建菜单栏

xx.rc STRINGTABLE DISCARDABLE BEGIN IDM_ITEM_NEW "新增菜单项" END view.cpp void CDynMenuView::OnControlPlus() { // TODO: Add your command handler code here CMenu *pTopMenu, *pNewMenu; pTopMenu = AfxGetMainWnd() ->GetMenu();//得到主菜单指针 pNewMenu = pTopMenu->GetSubMenu (4); //获取子菜单 pNewMenu ->AppendMenu (MF_SEPARATOR );//增加一条分隔线 CString newMenuName; newMenuName.LoadString(IDM_ITEM_NEW);//资源映射字符串 pNewMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ITEM_NEW, newMenuName); } void CDynMenuView::OnControlRestore() { // TODO: Add your command handler code here CMenu *pTopMenu, *pNewMenu; pTopMenu = AfxGetMainWnd() ->GetMenu();//得到主菜单指针 pNewMenu = pTopMenu->GetSubMenu (4); pNewMenu->DeleteMenu (2,MF_BYPOSITION);//删除菜单项 pNewMenu->DeleteMenu (1,MF_BYPOSITION); }

03 位图菜单项

//添加的代码 //CBitmap m_checkBitmap,unCheckBitmap //IDB_CHECK BITMAP RDABLE "res//COPY.BMP" //IDB_UNCHECK BITMAP DISCARDABLE "res//CUT.BMP" m_checkBitmap.LoadBitmap ( IDB_CHECK);//从资源中装载位图 m_unCheckBitmap.LoadBitmap ( IDB_UNCHECK); CMenu * pTopMenu = GetMenu (); pSubMenu = pTopMenu->GetSubMenu (3); pSubMenu->SetMenuItemBitmaps ( 1, MF_BYPOSITION, &m_checkBitmap, &m_unCheckBitmap); //添加完毕.选中与没选中的图标 //析构函数中,记得释放资源 if ( m_checkBitmap.m_hObject ) m_checkBitmap.DeleteObject(); if ( m_unCheckBitmap.m_hObject) m_unCheckBitmap.DeleteObject(); //添加完毕

04 鼠标右键弹出菜单

//窗口右键响应事件 void CPopupMenuDlg::OnContextMenu(CWnd*, CPoint point) { // CG: This block was added by the Pop-up Menu component { if (point.x == -1 && point.y == -1){ //keystroke invocation CRect rect; GetClientRect(rect); ClientToScreen(rect); point = rect.TopLeft(); point.Offset(5, 5); } CMenu menu; VERIFY(menu.LoadMenu(CG_IDR_POPUP_POPUP_MENU_DLG));//加载CG_IDR_POPUP_POPUP_MENU_DLG的ID菜单,此菜单资源中创建 CMenu* pPopup = menu.GetSubMenu(0); ASSERT(pPopup != NULL); CWnd* pWndPopupOwner = this; while (pWndPopupOwner->GetStyle() & WS_CHILD) pWndPopupOwner = pWndPopupOwner->GetParent(); pPopup->TrackPopupMenu(TPM_LEFTALIGN | TPM_RIGHTBUTTON, point.x, point.y, pWndPopupOwner); } }

05 添加菜单项

int CMainFrame::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) { CMenu* pSysMenu = GetMenu()//Demo代码:GetSystemMenu (FALSE); CString strMenuItem (_T ("New menu item")); //添加分隔线 pSysMenu->AppendMenu (MF_SEPARATOR); //添加新菜单项 pSysMenu->AppendMenu (MF_STRING, IDM_NEWITEM, strMenuItem); }

06 模式对话框

CModalDlg ModlaDialog;//窗口类 ModlaDialog.DoModal();

07 无模式对话框(普通对话框)

CModelessDlg *dlg=new CModelessDlg;//初始化对话框对象 dlg->Create(IDD_MODELESSDLG,NULL);//创建对话框 dlg->ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);//显示对话框

08 AfxMessageBox

//AfxMessageBox是MFC封装的MessageBoxA.用法简单 CString result_last; result_last.Format(_T("结果是：%d"),result); AfxMessageBox(result_last);///省略的参数查MSDN

09 基于对话框的应用程序

//UpdateData (TRUE): 控件值->变量值 //UpdateData(FALSE): 变量值->控件值 void CCounterDlg::OnOK() { // TODO: Add extra validation here UpdateData (TRUE); if (m_nRadio == 0) m_nResult = m_nOp1 + m_nOp2; UpdateData ( FALSE ); }

10 对话框背景颜色

//绘制控件: nCtlColor 来判断是背景,还是控件类型,或者控件ID HBRUSH CDlgColorDlg::OnCtlColor(CDC* pDC, CWnd* pWnd, UINT nCtlColor) { HBRUSH hbr = CDialog::OnCtlColor(pDC, pWnd, nCtlColor); // TODO: Change any attributes of the DC here if(nCtlColor ==CTLCOLOR_DLG)//这里判断的是对话框背景 return m_brushBlue; //返加蓝色刷子 return hbr; }

11 滚动条的使用

//设置框架中窗口的大小 BOOL CMainFrame::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs) { if( !CFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(cs) ) return FALSE; // TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying // the CREATESTRUCT cs cs.cx = 300 ;//窗口的宽为300 cs.cy = 300 ;//窗口的高为300 return TRUE; } //窗口初始化时来设定滚动条 , 窗口大小如果大于300,不显示滚动条 void CMyScrollView::OnInitialUpdate() { CScrollView::OnInitialUpdate(); CSize sizeTotal;//设置滚动视图窗口的大小 //TODO: calculate the total size of this view sizeTotal.cx = sizeTotal.cy = 300;//当窗口宽小于300，高小于300，显示相应的滚动条 SetScrollSizes(MM_TEXT, sizeTotal);//滚动轴尺寸 } //键盘事件:使用键盘快捷键来调整滚动条 void CMyScrollView::OnKeyDown(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags) { // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default switch ( nChar ) { case VK_HOME: OnVScroll ( SB_TOP, 0, NULL); OnHScroll ( SB_LEFT, 0, NULL); break; case VK_END: OnVScroll ( SB_BOTTOM, 0, NULL); OnHScroll ( SB_RIGHT, 0, NULL); break; case VK_UP: OnVScroll ( SB_LINEUP, 0, NULL); break; case VK_DOWN: OnVScroll ( SB_LINEDOWN, 0, NULL); break; case VK_PRIOR: OnVScroll ( SB_PAGEUP, 0, NULL); break; case VK_NEXT: OnVScroll ( SB_PAGEDOWN, 0, NULL); break; case VK_LEFT: OnHScroll ( SB_LINELEFT, 0, NULL); break; case VK_RIGHT: OnHScroll ( SB_LINERIGHT, 0, NULL); break; default: break; } CScrollView::OnKeyDown(nChar, nRepCnt, nFlags); }

12 隐藏/显示任务栏

//RECT taskBarRECT;CBUTTON m_display,m_NotDisplay void CMyDlg::Onhide() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here CWnd *taskBar; taskBar=FindWindow("Shell_TrayWnd",NULL);//获得任务栏窗口对象指针 taskBar->GetWindowRect(&taskBarRECT);//保存原任务栏窗口的大小 //改变大小 taskBar->SetWindowPos(NULL,0,600,0,0,SWP_HIDEWINDOW); m_display.EnableWindow(TRUE); //使能显示按纽 m_NotDisplay.EnableWindow(FALSE); //使本按纽变灰。 } void CMyDlg::Onshow() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here CWnd *taskBar; taskBar=FindWindow("Shell_TrayWnd",NULL); //恢复原任务栏窗口的大小 taskBar->SetWindowPos(NULL,taskBarRECT.left,taskBarRECT.top,taskBarRECT.right,taskBarRECT.bottom,SWP_SHOWWINDOW); m_NotDisplay.EnableWindow(TRUE); //使能隐藏按纽 m_display.EnableWindow(FALSE); //使本按纽变灰。 }

13 禁止/恢复窗口大小的改变

// case WM_SIZING: // GetWindowRect(hWnd,(LPRECT)lParam); // break; //固定窗口大小的方法有很多种，一般是在程序中处理WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGED //或WM_SIZING消息，来限制它的改变，这种方法很简单，如上。 //但为了控制这种限制（即使能改，使不能改），这种方法就不行 //原理： //窗口有很多风格（window style）,一般缺剩省的风格是WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW //它是WS_OVERLAPPED, WS_CAPTION, WS_SYSMENU, WS_THICKFRAME, //WS_MINIMIZEBOX,WS_MAXIMIZEBOX组合。 //逐个说明这些风格！ //WS_THICKFRAME是使窗口具有可改变的边界（sizing border） LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam) { switch (message) { case WM_COMMAND: //当鼠标点击按纽时，按纽窗口向父窗口（本窗口） //发送该消息 //lParam指向子窗口，为HWND类型 if((HWND)lParam==hWnd_button1)//当选择了“禁止改变”按纽时 { SetWindowLong(hWnd,GWL_STYLE,WS_OVERLAPPED|WS_CAPTION|WS_SYSMENU); ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW); //用SetWindowLong改变窗口属性后，屏幕窗口并非立即发生改变 //所以要调用ShowWindow函数 } if((HWND)lParam==hWnd_button2)//当选择了“使能改变”按纽时 { SetWindowLong(hWnd,GWL_STYLE,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW); ShowWindow(hWnd, SW_SHOW); } break; //............ } return 0; }

14 不规则窗口

//手动设置窗口大小 BOOL CMainFrame::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs) { if( !CFrameWnd::PreCreateWindow(cs) ) return FALSE; // TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying // the CREATESTRUCT cs cs.cx = 350;//窗口宽250 cs.cy = 350;//窗口高250 return TRUE; } //自动生成的代码省略.CRgn m_crgn;使用::SetWindowRgn(hwnd,xx,xx)可绘制所需的窗口.CRgn还可绘制其他形状的.具体查看MSDN int CMainFrame::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) { if (CView::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1) return -1; //添加代码 m_crgn.CreateEllipticRgn ( -50, -50, 400, 400);//创建一个椭圆形区域 SetWindowRgn ( (HRGN) m_crgn ,TRUE );//将区域设定为窗口 //添加完毕 .... }

15 透明窗体

//法一:此方法通过先保存DC屏幕上的背景,然后绘制一个与之相同的背景过去,造成假象的一个伪透明窗口,必须时刻绘制用户更改后的背景才能达到更好的伪透明窗口. int CMyView::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) { if (CView::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1) return -1; //CWnd* mainfraim; // mainfraim=AfxGetMainWnd(); //mainfraim->SetActiveWindow(); // TODO: Add your specialized creation code here ::SetClassLong(this->m_hWnd,GCL_HBRBACKGROUND,(long)GetStockObject(HOLLOW_BRUSH)); width=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN);//保存当前显示器的分辨率 height=GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYSCREEN); CWindowDC screenDC(NULL);//获得屏幕窗口的上下文 //初始化位图 hbmp.CreateBitmap(width,height,screenDC.GetDeviceCaps(PLANES),screenDC.GetDeviceCaps(BITSPIXEL),NULL); memDC.CreateCompatibleDC(NULL); oldObject=memDC.SelectObject(&hbmp); memDC.BitBlt(0,0,width,height,&screenDC,0,0,SRCCOPY); return 0; } void CMyView::OnPaint() { CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting // TODO: Add your message handler code here RECT clientRect; GetClientRect(&clientRect);//获得当前客户区的大小 POINT lefttop; lefttop.x=clientRect.left; lefttop.y=clientRect.top; ClientToScreen(&lefttop);//将窗口客户区左上角的点坐标转换为屏幕坐标 //用保存的位图将客户区重画 dc.BitBlt(0,0,clientRect.right,clientRect.bottom,&memDC,lefttop.x,lefttop.y,SRCCOPY); // Do not call CView::OnPaint() for painting messages } //另一种方法:通过加载user32.dll,使用SetLayeredWindowAttributes函数来实现.缺点:放在视频流(wmv等)前面可能会造成窗口闪烁(根据你电脑配置处理速度决定).据说使用DirectX绘制不会出现此情况. //设置对话框半透明 BOOL CMessage::OnInitDialog() { SetWindowLong(this->GetSafeHwnd(),GWL_EXSTYLE,GetWindowLong(this->GetSafeHwnd(),GWL_EXSTYLE)^0x80000); HINSTANCE hInst = LoadLibrary("User32.DLL"); if(hInst) { typedef BOOL (WINAPI *MYFUNC)(HWND,COLORREF,BYTE,DWORD); MYFUNC fun = NULL; //取得SetLayeredWindowAttributes函数指针 fun=(MYFUNC)GetProcAddress(hInst, "SetLayeredWindowAttributes"); if(fun)fun(this->GetSafeHwnd(),0,128,2);//这里参数128为透明度.取值范围:0-255,0为完全透明 FreeLibrary(hInst); } }

16 一个总在最上层的紫色窗口

//设置在最上层.下面那种是mfc中CWnd的 ::SetWindowPos ( AfxGetMainWnd ()->m_hWnd ,HWND_TOPMOST,-1, -1, -1, -1, SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOSIZE); //SetWindowPos ( &wndTopMost , -1, -1, -1, -1, SWP_NOMOVE| SWP_NOSIZE); //取消窗口最上 SetWindowPos ( &wndNoTopMost , -1, -1, -1, -1, SWP_NOMOVE| SWP_NOSIZE); //WM_ERASEBKGN消息事件,绘制紫色背景 BOOL CTopWindowView::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC) { // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default // Create a pruple brush. //创建一个紫色的刷子 CBrush Brush (RGB (128 , 0 , 128) ); // Select the brush into the device context . //把紫色刷子选进设备环境 CBrush* pOldBrush = pDC->SelectObject (&Brush); // Get the area that needs to be erased . //创建需要重画的区域 CRect rcClip; pDC ->GetClipBox (&rcClip); //Paint the area. //重画区域 pDC -> PatBlt (rcClip.left , rcClip.top , rcClip.Width ( ) , rcClip.Height( ) , PATCOPY ); //Unselect brush out of device context . //把紫色刷子选出设备环境 pDC ->SelectObject (pOldBrush ); // Return nonzero to half fruther processing . return TRUE; // return CView::OnEraseBkgnd(pDC); }

17 窗口居中

//限MFC中CWnd使用 //由于该出口没有父窗口，所以就相对于屏幕居中 CenterWindow (); //直接相对于屏幕居中 CenterWindow (GetDesktopWindow ()); //使主窗口框架相对于屏幕居中 AfxGetMainWnd() -> CenterWindow( );

18 拖动非标题栏移动窗口

//view.cpp中设置鼠标左键消息.然后pestmessage,让客户区如标题栏一样的移动窗口. void CMyView::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) { // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default CView::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point); GetParentFrame()->PostMessage(WM_NCLBUTTONDOWN,HTCAPTION,MAKELPARAM(point.x,point.y)); }

19 拆分窗口

/*MSDN:A CSplitterWnd is usually embedded in a parent CFrameWnd or CMDIChildWnd object by taking the following steps: Embed a CSplitterWnd member variable in the parent frame. Override the parent frame's OnCreateClient member function. Call the CreateStatic member function from within the overridden CFrameWnd::OnCreateClient. A static splitter window contains a fixed number of panes, often from different classes.*/ //创建区域:CreateStatic,然后添加CreateView. //CSplitterWnd m_wndSplitter BOOL CMainFrame::OnCreateClient(LPCREATESTRUCT lpcs, CCreateContext* pContext) { m_wndSplitter.CreateStatic(this,1,2); m_wndSplitter.CreateView(0,0, RUNTIME_CLASS(CMySplitterView), CSize(350,200),pContext); m_wndSplitter.CreateView(1,0, RUNTIME_CLASS(CMySplitterView), CSize(350,200),pContext); m_wndSplitter.CreateView(0,1, RUNTIME_CLASS(CMySplitterView), CSize(00,200),pContext); m_wndSplitter.CreateView(1,1, RUNTIME_CLASS(CMySplitterView), CSize(200,200),pContext); return TRUE; return CFrameWnd::OnCreateClient(lpcs, pContext); }

20 自动停靠窗口

//WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGING消息. void CMainFrame::OnWindowPosChanging( WINDOWPOS* lpwndpos ) { RECT WorkAREA; SystemParametersInfo(SPI_GETWORKAREA,0,&WorkAREA,0); //SystemParametersInfo(SPI_SETDRAGFULLWINDOWS,TRUE,NULL,0); if(lpwndpos->x-WorkAREA.left<50) //靠近左边 lpwndpos->x=0; if(WorkAREA.right-lpwndpos->x-lpwndpos->cx<50)//靠近右边 lpwndpos->x=WorkAREA.right-lpwndpos->cx; if(lpwndpos->y-WorkAREA.top<50) //靠近上边 lpwndpos->y=0; if(WorkAREA.bottom-lpwndpos->y-lpwndpos->cy<50)//靠近下边 lpwndpos->y=WorkAREA.bottom-lpwndpos->cy; }