Spring Boot+Netty

mosrry

已于 2024-09-11 14:00:32 修改

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文章标签： java spring boot

于 2024-09-11 11:02:33 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/mosrry/article/details/142132524

版权

因工作中需要给第三方屏幕厂家下发广告，音频，图片等内容，对方提供TCP接口于是我使用Netty长链接进行数据传输

1.添加依赖

 <!--  netty依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
            <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2.创建Netty服务

@Slf4j
@Component
public class NettyServer {
    public void start(InetSocketAddress address) {
        //配置服务端的NIO线程组
        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
        try {
            // 绑定线程池,编码解码
            //服务端接受连接的队列长度，如果队列已满，客户端连接将被拒绝
            ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap()
                    .group(bossGroup, workerGroup)
                    // 指定Channel
                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
                    //使用指定的端口设置套接字地址
                    .localAddress(address)
                    //使用自定义处理类
                    .childHandler(new NettyServerChannelInitializer())
                    //服务端可连接队列数,对应TCP/IP协议listen函数中backlog参数
                    .option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG, 128)
                    //保持长连接，2小时无数据激活心跳机制
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE, true)
                    //将小的数据包包装成更大的帧进行传送，提高网络的负载
                    .childOption(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY, true);
            // 绑定端口，开始接收进来的连接
            ChannelFuture future = bootstrap.bind(address).sync();
            if (future.isSuccess()) {
                log.info("netty服务器开始监听端口：{}",address.getPort());
            }
            //关闭channel和块，直到它被关闭
            future.channel().closeFuture().sync();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
        }
    }
}

3.创建Socket配置类（也可以直接在步骤2中写死）

1.在配置文件中

socket:
  # 监听端口 8090
  port: 8090
  #ip地址
  host: 0.0.0.0
#  host: 192.168.31.2

@Setter
@Getter
@ToString
@Component
@Configuration
@PropertySource("classpath:application.yml")
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "socket")
public class SocketProperties {
    private Integer port;
    private String host;

}

4.在springboot 启动类中启用Netty服务

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application implements CommandLineRunner {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(Application.class);
        application.setApplicationStartup(new BufferingApplicationStartup(2048));
        application.run(args);
    }
    @Resource
    private NettyServer nettyServer;

    @Resource
    private SocketProperties socketProperties;
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) {
        InetSocketAddress address = new InetSocketAddress(socketProperties.getHost(),socketProperties.getPort());
        nettyServer.start(address);
    }

}

5.创建字符解析器，解析收到的消息

/**
 * 功能描述: 服务端初始化，客户端与服务器端连接一旦创建，这个类中方法就会被回调，设置出站编码器和入站解码器
 *
 */
public class NettyServerChannelInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
    @Override
    protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception {
        ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline();
        //接收消息格式,使用自定义解析数据格式
//        pipeline.addLast("decoder",new MyDecoder());
        //发送消息格式，使用自定义解析数据格式
//        pipeline.addLast("encoder",new MyEncoder());
        pipeline.addLast(new StringEncoder(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));
        //针对客户端，如果在1分钟时没有想服务端发送写心跳(ALL)，则主动断开
        //如果是读空闲或者写空闲，不处理,这里根据自己业务考虑使用
        pipeline.addLast(new IdleStateHandler(0,0,90, TimeUnit.SECONDS));
        //自定义的空闲检测
        pipeline.addLast(new NettyServerHandler());
    }
}

6.创建Handler 类处理消息

/**
 * 功能描述: netty服务端处理类
 */

@Slf4j
@Component
public class NettyServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {


    /**
     * 功能描述: 有客户端连接服务器会触发此函数
     *
     * @param ctx 通道
     * @return void
     */
    @Override
    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        InetSocketAddress insocket = (InetSocketAddress) ctx.channel().remoteAddress();
        String clientIp = insocket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
        int clientPort = insocket.getPort();
        //获取连接通道唯一标识
        ChannelId channelId = ctx.channel().id();
        //如果map中不包含此连接，就保存连接
        if (ChannelMap.getChannelMap().containsKey(channelId)) {
            log.info("客户端:{},是连接状态，连接通道数量:{} ", channelId, ChannelMap.getChannelMap().size());
        } else {
            //保存连接
            ChannelMap.addChannel(channelId, ctx.channel());
            log.info("客户端:{},连接netty服务器[IP:{}-->PORT:{}]", channelId, clientIp, clientPort);
            log.info("连接通道数量: {}", ChannelMap.getChannelMap().size());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 功能描述: 有客户端终止连接服务器会触发此函数
     * @param ctx 通道处理程序上下文
     * @return void
     */
    @Override
    public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {
        InetSocketAddress inSocket = (InetSocketAddress) ctx.channel().remoteAddress();
        String clientIp = inSocket.getAddress().getHostAddress();
        ChannelId channelId = ctx.channel().id();
        //包含此客户端才去删除
        if (ChannelMap.getChannelMap().containsKey(channelId)) {
            //删除连接
            ChannelMap.getChannelMap().remove(channelId);
            log.info("客户端:{},断开netty服务器[IP:{}-->PORT:{}]", channelId, clientIp, inSocket.getPort());
            log.info("连接通道数量: " + ChannelMap.getChannelMap().size());
        }
    }

   
    @Transactional
    @Override
    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {

        ByteBuf buf = (ByteBuf) msg;
        ByteBuf rebuf = Unpooled.buffer();

        RedisUtils.setChannelId(ctx.channel().id().toString(), ctx.channel().id());
        // 读取帧头标识
        byte frameHeader = buf.readByte();
        if (frameHeader != 0x7E) {
            byte[] data = ByteBufUtil.getBytes(buf);
            String hex = bytesToHex(data);
            buf.release();
            String content = ((ByteBuf) msg).toString(Charset.defaultCharset());
        }  // 读取消息帧类型
        else {
            byte messageType = buf.readByte();
             // 读取帧尾标识
            if (buf.isReadable()) {
                // 读取校验值
                byte checksum = buf.readByte();
                byte frameTail = buf.readByte();
               
            }
        }
        buf.release();
    }

    /**
     * 功能描述: 服务端给客户端发送消息
     *
     * @param channelId 连接通道唯一id
     * @param msg       需要发送的消息内容
     * @return void
     */
    public void channelWrite(ChannelId channelId, Object msg) throws Exception {
        Channel channel = ChannelMap.getChannelMap().get(channelId);
        if (channel == null) {
            log.info("通道:{},不存在", channelId);
            return;
        }
        if (msg == null || msg == "") {
            log.info("服务端响应空的消息");
            return;
        }
        //将客户端的信息直接返回写入ctx
        channel.write(msg);
        //刷新缓存区
        channel.flush();
    }

    @Override
    public void userEventTriggered(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object evt) throws Exception {
        String socketString = ctx.channel().remoteAddress().toString();
        if (evt instanceof IdleStateEvent) {
            IdleStateEvent event = (IdleStateEvent) evt;
            if (event.state() == IdleState.READER_IDLE) {
                log.info("Client:{},READER_IDLE 读超时", socketString);
                Channel channel = ctx.channel();
                ChannelId id = channel.id();
                // 超时未收到心跳包，更新设备状态为离线
                // todo 更新设备状态
                ctx.disconnect();
                ChannelMap.removeChannelByName(id);
            } else if (event.state() == IdleState.WRITER_IDLE) {
                log.info("Client:{}, WRITER_IDLE 写超时", socketString);
                ctx.disconnect();
                Channel channel = ctx.channel();
                ChannelId id = channel.id();
                ChannelMap.removeChannelByName(id);
            } else if (event.state() == IdleState.ALL_IDLE) {
                log.info("Client:{},ALL_IDLE 总超时", socketString);
                Channel channel = ctx.channel();
                ChannelId id = channel.id();
                // 超时未收到心跳包，更新设备状态为离线
                // todo 更新设备状态
                ctx.disconnect();
                ChannelMap.removeChannelByName(id);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * 功能描述: 发生异常会触发此函数
     *
     * @param ctx   通道处理程序上下文
     * @param cause 异常
     * @return void
     */
    @Override
    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
        ctx.close();
        log.info("{}:发生了错误,此连接被关闭。此时连通数量:{}", ctx.channel().id(), ChannelMap.getChannelMap().size());
    }


}

ChannelMap类

/**
 * 功能描述: 管理通道Map类
 *
 */
public class ChannelMap {

    /**
     * 管理一个全局map，保存连接进服务端的通道数量
     */
    private static final ConcurrentHashMap<ChannelId, Channel> CHANNEL_MAP = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(128);

    public static ConcurrentHashMap<ChannelId, Channel> getChannelMap() {
        return CHANNEL_MAP;
    }

    /**
     *  获取指定name的channel
     */
    public static Channel getChannelByName(ChannelId channelId){
        if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(CHANNEL_MAP)){
            return null;
        }
        return CHANNEL_MAP.get(channelId);
    }

    /**
     *  将通道中的消息推送到每一个客户端
     */
    public static boolean pushNewsToAllClient(String obj){
        if(CollectionUtils.isEmpty(CHANNEL_MAP)){
            return false;
        }
        for(ChannelId channelId: CHANNEL_MAP.keySet()) {
            Channel channel = CHANNEL_MAP.get(channelId);
            channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(obj));
        }
        return true;
    }

    /**
     *  将channel和对应的name添加到ConcurrentHashMap
     */
    public static void addChannel(ChannelId channelId,Channel channel){
        CHANNEL_MAP.put(channelId,channel);
    }

    /**
     *  移除掉name对应的channel
     */
    public static boolean removeChannelByName(ChannelId channelId){
        if(CHANNEL_MAP.containsKey(channelId)){
            CHANNEL_MAP.remove(channelId);
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }

}