记一次Pyinstaller打包缺失.dll解决方式，ImportError: DLL load failed while importing blspy: 动态链接库(DLL)初始化例程失败。

首先我们需要修改.spec文件中的

debug=True,console=True # 开启debug  控制台输出打开模式

# -*- mode: python ; coding: utf-8 -*-
import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(5000)
from pkg_resources import get_distribution

from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_submodules

block_cipher = None
keyring_imports = collect_submodules("keyring.backends")
hidden_imports = []
hidden_imports.extend(keyring_imports)
hidden_imports.extend(["win32timezone", "win32cred", "pywintypes", "win32ctypes.pywin32"])

a = Analysis(['SecretKeyGenerate.py'],
             pathex=[],
             binaries=[],
             datas=[('data','data')],
             hiddenimports=hidden_imports,
             hookspath=[],
             runtime_hooks=[],
             excludes=[],
             win_no_prefer_redirects=False,
             win_private_assemblies=False,
             cipher=block_cipher,
             noarchive=False)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure, a.zipped_data,
             cipher=block_cipher)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          [],
          exclude_binaries=True,
          name='SecretKeyGenerate',
          debug=False,
          bootloader_ignore_signals=False,
          strip=False,
          upx=True,
          console=False )
coll = COLLECT(exe,
               a.binaries,
               a.zipfiles,
               a.datas,
               strip=False,
               upx=True,
               upx_exclude=[],
               name='SecretKeyGenerate')

之后我们进行打包命令：

(secretKeyGenerate) PS D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate> pyinstaller -F .\SecretKeyGenerate.spec

# 打包结果
14200 INFO: Removing dir D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate
14284 INFO: Building COLLECT COLLECT-00.toc
14849 INFO: Building COLLECT COLLECT-00.toc completed successfully.

之后我们在控制台运行我们打包后的程序：

(secretKeyGenerate) PS D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate> .\dist\SecretKeyGenerate\SecretKeyGenerate.exe

# 完整日志
[19752] PyInstaller Bootloader 3.x
[19752] LOADER: executable is D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate\SecretKeyGenerate.exe
[19752] LOADER: homepath is D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate
[19752] LOADER: _MEIPASS2 is NULL
[19752] LOADER: archivename is D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate\SecretKeyGenerate.exe
[19752] LOADER: No need to extract files to run; setting extractionpath to homepath
[19752] LOADER: SetDllDirectory(D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate)
[19752] LOADER: Already in the child - running user's code.
[19752] LOADER: Python library: D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate\python38.dll
[19752] LOADER: Loaded functions from Python library.
[19752] LOADER: Manipulating environment (sys.path, sys.prefix)
[19752] LOADER: sys.prefix is D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate
[19752] LOADER: Pre-init sys.path is D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate\base_library.zip;D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate
[19752] LOADER: Setting runtime options
[19752] LOADER: Initializing python
[19752] LOADER: Overriding Python's sys.path
[19752] LOADER: Post-init sys.path is D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate\base_library.zip;D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate
[19752] LOADER: Setting sys.argv
[19752] LOADER: setting sys._MEIPASS
[19752] LOADER: importing modules from CArchive
[19752] LOADER: extracted struct
[19752] LOADER: callfunction returned...
[19752] LOADER: extracted pyimod01_os_path
[19752] LOADER: callfunction returned...
[19752] LOADER: extracted pyimod02_archive
[19752] LOADER: callfunction returned...
[19752] LOADER: extracted pyimod03_importers
[19752] LOADER: callfunction returned...
[19752] LOADER: Installing PYZ archive with Python modules.
[19752] LOADER: PYZ archive: PYZ-00.pyz
[19752] LOADER: Running pyiboot01_bootstrap.py
[19752] LOADER: Running pyi_rth_multiprocessing.py
[19752] LOADER: Running pyi_rth_pkgres.py
[19752] LOADER: Running pyi_rth_pyqt5.py
[19752] LOADER: Running SecretKeyGenerate.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "SecretKeyGenerate.py", line 2, in <module>
    from keychain import Keychain, master_sk_to_farmer_sk, master_sk_to_pool_sk
  File "PyInstaller\loader\pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
  File "keychain.py", line 10, in <module>
    from blspy import AugSchemeMPL, G1Element, PrivateKey
ImportError: DLL load failed while importing blspy: 动态链接库(DLL)初始化例程失败。
[19752] Failed to execute script SecretKeyGenerate
[19752] LOADER: OK.
[19752] LOADER: Manually flushing stdout and stderr
[19752] LOADER: Cleaning up Python interpreter.

然鹅此时 我们的Python程序没打包运行却可以正常运行该程序！仅是打包之后运行报错！

1. 我将C:\Windows\System32目录下的所有的dll文件 通过以下Python脚本复制到我的缓存目录：

import pathlib
import shutil

# C:\\Windows\\System32
# C:\\Users\\zhangjie\\anaconda3\\envs\\secretKeyGenerate
# C:\\Users\\zhangjie\\anaconda3\\envs\\secretKeyGenerate\\Lib\\site-packages
rnf = pathlib.WindowsPath('C:\\Users\\zhangjie\\anaconda3\\envs\\secretKeyGenerate')
pth = []
for i in rnf.iterdir():
    # print(i)
    if str(i).endswith('.dll'):
        pth.append((str(i), '.'))
        shutil.copy(str(i), 'D:\\tmp\\dll')

print(pth)

全部依次丢到我的打包后的目录D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate试过之后，发现将以下6个.dll文件放入到我打包成功后的D:\PycharmProjects\secretKeyGenerate\dist\SecretKeyGenerate目录下，我的程序可以正常运行！

 

完成了本次的缺失.dll文件的bug解决！

总结一下本次的经验：

1. 从C:\\Windows\\System32 目录下复制.dll 文件放到打包后的程序目录下面去试；

2. 从C:\\Users\\zhangjie\\anaconda3\\envs\\secretKeyGenerate 目录下复制.dll 文件放到打包后的程序目录下面去试；

3. 从C:\\Users\\zhangjie\\anaconda3\\envs\\secretKeyGenerate\\Lib\\site-packages 目录下复制.dll文件放到打包后的程序目录下面去试；

最后发现缺失的正是第三种情况下的dll文件。

遇到问题表慌，反正我昨天有点慌 =_=。想很多办法，弄了一晚上 8点半了饭都么吃，难受

Pyinstaller打包失败可以尝试重新安装低版本Pyinstaller包。