一.正则表达式的概述和简单使用
A:正则表达式
* 是指一个用来描述或者匹配一系列符合某个语法规则的字符串的单个字符串。其实就是一种规则。有自己特殊的应用。
* 作用:比如注册邮箱,邮箱有用户名和密码,一般会对其限制长度,这个限制长度的事情就是正则表达式做的
B:示例
* 需求:校验qq号码.
* 1:要求必须是5-15位数字
* 2:0不能开头
* 3:必须都是数字
* a:非正则表达式实现
* b:正则表达式实现
package com.pg.regex;
public class Demo1_Regex {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//不使用正则表达式
System.out.println(checkQQ("012345"));
System.out.println(checkQQ("a1b345"));
System.out.println(checkQQ("123456"));
System.out.println(checkQQ("1234567890987654321"));
//使用正则表达式
String regex = "[1-9]\\d{4,14}";
System.out.println("2553868".matches(regex));
System.out.println("012345".matches(regex));
System.out.println("2553868abc".matches(regex));
}
/*分析:
* 需求:校验qq号码.
* 1:要求必须是5-15位数字
* 2:0不能开头
* 3:必须都是数字
* 校验qq
* 1,明确返回值类型boolean
* 2,明确参数列表String qq
*/
public static boolean checkQQ(String qq) {
boolean flag = true;//如果校验qq不符合要求就把flag置为false,如果符合要求直接返回
if(qq.length() >= 5 && qq.length() <= 15) {
if(!qq.startsWith("0")) {
char[] arr = qq.toCharArray(); //将字符串转换成字符数组
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
char ch = arr[i]; //记录每一个字符
if(!(ch >= '0' && ch <= '9')) {
flag = false; //不是数字
break;
}
}
}else {
flag = false; //以0开头,不符合qq标准
}
}else {
flag = false;//长度不符合
}
return flag;
}
}
二.字符类
[abc] a、b 或 c(简单类)
|
package com.pg.regex;
public class Demo2_Regex {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//demo1();
//demo2();
//demo3();
//demo4();
//demo5();
//demo6();
String regex = "[a-z&&[^m-p]]";
System.out.println("m".matches(regex));
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("z".matches(regex));
System.out.println("n".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo6() {
String regex = "[a-z&&[^bc]]";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("b".matches(regex));
System.out.println("1".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo5() {
String regex = "[a-z&&[def]]"; //取交集
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("d".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo4() {
String regex = "[a-d[m-p]]";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("m".matches(regex));
System.out.println("n".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo3() {
String regex = "[a-zA-Z]";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("A".matches(regex));
System.out.println("z".matches(regex));
System.out.println("Z".matches(regex));
System.out.println("1".matches(regex));
System.out.println("%".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo2() {
String regex = "[^abc]";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("b".matches(regex));
System.out.println("c".matches(regex));
System.out.println("d".matches(regex));
System.out.println("1".matches(regex));
System.out.println("%".matches(regex));
System.out.println("10".matches(regex));//10代表1字符和0字符,不是单个字符
}
private static void demo1() {
String regex = "[abc]"; //[]代表单个字符
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("b".matches(regex));
System.out.println("c".matches(regex));
System.out.println("d".matches(regex));
System.out.println("1".matches(regex));
System.out.println("%".matches(regex));
}
}
三.预定义字符
. 任何字符 \d 数字:[0-9] \D 非数字: [^0-9] \s 空白字符:[ \t\n\x0B\f\r] \S 非空白字符:[^\s] \w 单词字符:[a-zA-Z_0-9] \W 非单词字符:[^\w] |
package com.pg.regex;
public class Demo3_Regex {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//demo1();
//demo2();
//demo3();
//demo4();
//demo5();
//demo6();
String regex = "\\W";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("z".matches(regex));
System.out.println("_".matches(regex));
System.out.println("%".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo6() {
String regex = "\\w";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("z".matches(regex));
System.out.println("_".matches(regex));
System.out.println("%".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo5() {
String regex = "\\S";
System.out.println(" ".matches(regex));
System.out.println(" ".matches(regex));
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo4() {
String regex = "\\s";
System.out.println(" ".matches(regex));
System.out.println(" ".matches(regex)); //一个tab键
System.out.println(" ".matches(regex)); //四个空格
}
private static void demo3() {
String regex = "\\D";
System.out.println("0".matches(regex));
System.out.println("9".matches(regex));
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo2() {
String regex = "\\d";//\代表转义字符,如果想表示\d的话,需要\\d
System.out.println("0".matches(regex));
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("9".matches(regex));
}
private static void demo1() {
String regex = "..";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("ab".matches(regex));
}
}
四.数量词
Greedy 数量词 X? X,一次或一次也没有 X* X,零次或多次 X+ X,一次或多次 X{n} X,恰好 n 次 X{n,} X,至少 n 次 X{n,m} X,至少 n 次,但是不超过 m 次 |
package com.pg.regex;
public class Demo4_Regex {
public static void main(String[] args) {
//demo1();
//demo2();
//demo3();
//demo4();
//demo5();
String regex = "[abc]{5,15}";
System.out.println("abcba".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcbaabcabbabab".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcb".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcbaabaabcbaaba".matches(regex));
}
public static void demo5() {
String regex = "[abc]{5,}";
System.out.println("abcba".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcbaabcabbabab".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcb".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcbaaba".matches(regex));
}
public static void demo4() {
String regex = "[abc]{5}";
System.out.println("abcba".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcbaabcabbabab".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcb".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abcbaaba".matches(regex));
}
public static void demo3() {
String regex = "[abc]+";
System.out.println("".matches(regex));
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("aaaaabbbbccccc".matches(regex));
}
public static void demo2() {
String regex = "[abc]*";
System.out.println("".matches(regex));
System.out.println("abc".matches(regex));
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
}
public static void demo1() {
String regex = "[abc]?";
System.out.println("a".matches(regex));
System.out.println("b".matches(regex));
System.out.println("c".matches(regex));
System.out.println("d".matches(regex));
System.out.println("".matches(regex));
}
}