一.介绍
Spring Security Oauth2是目前市面上非常流行的实现了OAuth2.0协议的权限框架。本文会介绍其是如何获取token以及刷新token的。
二.AbstractEndPoint
Spring Security OAuth2的获取token、校验token等接口均配置在EndPoint中的
AuthorizationEndpoint主要是第三方授权模式中的 获取code的流程接口http://localhost:xxxx/auth/oauth/authorize
TokenEndpoint主要是获取token/刷新token的接口http://localhost:xxxx/auth/oauth/token
2.1 AuthorizationEndpoint
AuthorizationEndpoint主要是获取第三方授权模式中的code，核心代码如下
@RequestMapping(value = "/oauth/authorize", method = RequestMethod.POST, params = OAuth2Utils.USER_OAUTH_APPROVAL)
public View approveOrDeny(@RequestParam Map<String, String> approvalParameters, Map<String, ?> model,
SessionStatus sessionStatus, Principal principal) {
if (!(principal instanceof Authentication)) {
sessionStatus.setComplete();
throw new InsufficientAuthenticationException(
"User must be authenticated with Spring Security before authorizing an access token.");
}
AuthorizationRequest authorizationRequest = (AuthorizationRequest) model.get("authorizationRequest");
if (authorizationRequest == null) {
//清空session缓存
sessionStatus.setComplete();
throw new InvalidRequestException("Cannot approve uninitialized authorization request.");
}
try {
Set<String> responseTypes = authorizationRequest.getResponseTypes();
authorizationRequest.setApprovalParameters(approvalParameters);
authorizationRequest = userApprovalHandler.updateAfterApproval(authorizationRequest,
(Authentication) principal);
boolean approved = userApprovalHandler.isApproved(authorizationRequest, (Authentication) principal);
authorizationRequest.setApproved(approved);
if (authorizationRequest.getRedirectUri() == null) {
sessionStatus.setComplete();
throw new InvalidRequestException("Cannot approve request when no redirect URI is provided.");
}
if (!authorizationRequest.isApproved()) {
return new RedirectView(getUnsuccessfulRedirect(authorizationRequest,
new UserDeniedAuthorizationException("User denied access"), responseTypes.contains("token")),
false, true, false);
}
if (responseTypes.contains("token")) {
return getImplicitGrantResponse(authorizationRequest).getView();
}
//生成code并跳转到传递过来的redirect_uri上
return getAuthorizationCodeResponse(authorizationRequest, (Authentication) principal);
}
finally {
sessionStatus.setComplete();
}
}
//生成view
private View getAuthorizationCodeResponse(AuthorizationRequest authorizationRequest, Authentication authUser) {
try {
return new RedirectView(getSuccessfulRedirect(authorizationRequest,
generateCode(authorizationRequest, authUser)), false, true, false);
}catch (OAuth2Exception e) {
return new RedirectView(getUnsuccessfulRedirect(authorizationRequest, e, false), false, true, false);
}
}
//生成code
private String generateCode(AuthorizationRequest authorizationRequest, Authentication authentication)
throws AuthenticationException {
try {
OAuth2Request storedOAuth2Request = getOAuth2RequestFactory().createOAuth2Request(authorizationRequest);
OAuth2Authentication combinedAuth = new OAuth2Authentication(storedOAuth2Request, authentication);
String code = authorizationCodeServices.createAuthorizationCode(combinedAuth);
return code;
}
catch (OAuth2Exception e) {
if (authorizationRequest.getState() != null) {
e.addAdditionalInformation("state", authorizationRequest.getState());
}
throw e;
}
}
2.2 TokenEndPoint
此处是TokenEndPoint的部分代码
@RequestMapping(value = "/oauth/token", method=RequestMethod.POST)
public ResponseEntity<OAuth2AccessToken> postAccessToken(Principal principal, @RequestParam
Map<String, String> parameters) throws HttpRequestMethodNotSupportedException {
if (!(principal instanceof Authentication)) {
throw new InsufficientAuthenticationException(
"There is no client authentication. Try adding an appropriate authentication filter.");
}
//校验clientId
String clientId = getClientId(principal);
ClientDetails authenticatedClient = getClientDetailsService().loadClientByClientId(clientId);
TokenRequest tokenRequest = getOAuth2RequestFactory().createTokenRequest(parameters, authenticatedClient);
if (clientId != null && !clientId.equals("")) {
// Only validate the client details if a client authenticated during this
// request.
if (!clientId.equals(tokenRequest.getClientId())) {
// double check to make sure that the client ID in the token request is the same as that in the
// authenticated client
throw new InvalidClientException("Given client ID does not match authenticated client");
}
}
if (authenticatedClient != null) {
oAuth2RequestValidator.validateScope(tokenRequest, authenticatedClient);
}
//校验grantType
if (!StringUtils.hasText(tokenRequest.getGrantType())) {
throw new InvalidRequestException("Missing grant type");
}
if (tokenRequest.getGrantType().equals("implicit")) {
//implicit模式不支持token获取
throw new InvalidGrantException("Implicit grant type not supported from token endpoint");
}
//判断是否是第三方授权模式
if (isAuthCodeRequest(parameters)) {
// The scope was requested or determined during the authorization step
if (!tokenRequest.getScope().isEmpty()) {
logger.debug("Clearing scope of incoming token request");
tokenRequest.setScope(Collections.<String> emptySet());
}
}
//判断是否是refresh_token模式
if (isRefreshTokenRequest(parameters)) {
// A refresh token has its own default scopes, so we should ignore any added by the factory here.
tokenRequest.setScope(OAuth2Utils.parseParameterList(parameters.get(OAuth2Utils.SCOPE)));
}
//适配器模式，通过grant_type匹配对应的Granter，创建access_token并返回
OAuth2AccessToken token = getTokenGranter().grant(tokenRequest.getGrantType(), tokenRequest);
if (token == null) {
throw new UnsupportedGrantTypeException("Unsupported grant type: " + tokenRequest.getGrantType());
}
return getResponse(token);
}
/**
* @param principal the currently authentication principal
* @return a client id if there is one in the principal
*/
protected String getClientId(Principal principal) {
Authentication client = (Authentication) principal;
if (!client.isAuthenticated()) {
throw new InsufficientAuthenticationException("The client is not authenticated.");
}
String clientId = client.getName();
if (client instanceof OAuth2Authentication) {
// Might be a client and user combined authentication
clientId = ((OAuth2Authentication) client).getOAuth2Request().getClientId();
}
return clientId;
}
private ResponseEntity<OAuth2AccessToken> getResponse(OAuth2AccessToken accessToken) {
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.set("Cache-Control", "no-store");
headers.set("Pragma", "no-cache");
headers.set("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
return new ResponseEntity<OAuth2AccessToken>(accessToken, headers, HttpStatus.OK);
}
private boolean isRefreshTokenRequest(Map<String, String> parameters) {
return "refresh_token".equals(parameters.get("grant_type")) && parameters.get("refresh_token") != null;
}
private boolean isAuthCodeRequest(Map<String, String> parameters) {
return "authorization_code".equals(parameters.get("grant_type")) && parameters.get("code") != null;
}
三.TokenGranter
grant_type的类型有：password（密码模式）、authorization_code（授权码模式）、implicit（隐式模式，不能获取token）、client_credentials（客户端模式）、refresh_token
在TokenGranter接口下定义了各种模式，核心方法是grant，执行此方法可以获得OAuth2AccessToken
3.1 CompositeTokenGranter
Spring Security OAuth2默认使用的是CompositeTokenGranter
private TokenGranter tokenGranter() {
//如果tokenGranter没有设置，则默认使用的 CompositeTokenGranter ，但本质上还是使用的AbstractTokenGranter的几个子类
if (tokenGranter == null) {
tokenGranter = new TokenGranter() {
private CompositeTokenGranter delegate;
@Override
public OAuth2AccessToken grant(String grantType, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
if (delegate == null) {
delegate = new CompositeTokenGranter(getDefaultTokenGranters());
}
return delegate.grant(grantType, tokenRequest);
}
};
}
return tokenGranter;
}
//获取默认的几种模式，不过只包括第三方授权、efresh_code、客户端、密码这四个模式
private List<TokenGranter> getDefaultTokenGranters() {
ClientDetailsService clientDetails = clientDetailsService();
AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices = tokenServices();
AuthorizationCodeServices authorizationCodeServices = authorizationCodeServices();
OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory = requestFactory();
List<TokenGranter> tokenGranters = new ArrayList<TokenGranter>();
tokenGranters.add(new AuthorizationCodeTokenGranter(tokenServices, authorizationCodeServices, clientDetails,
requestFactory));
tokenGranters.add(new RefreshTokenGranter(tokenServices, clientDetails, requestFactory));
ImplicitTokenGranter implicit = new ImplicitTokenGranter(tokenServices, clientDetails, requestFactory);
tokenGranters.add(implicit);
tokenGranters.add(new ClientCredentialsTokenGranter(tokenServices, clientDetails, requestFactory));
if (authenticationManager != null) {
tokenGranters.add(new ResourceOwnerPasswordTokenGranter(authenticationManager, tokenServices,
clientDetails, requestFactory));
}
return tokenGranters;
}
看一下CompositeTokenGranter的代码，这是一个TokenGranter的集合类，他的grant方法是依次判断tokenGranters里的TokenGranter的grant_type哪一个和前端传递的grant_type匹配，如果有匹配的，执行对应的Granter，如果没有，就直接返回Null
public class CompositeTokenGranter implements TokenGranter {
private final List<TokenGranter> tokenGranters;
public CompositeTokenGranter(List<TokenGranter> tokenGranters) {
this.tokenGranters = new ArrayList<TokenGranter>(tokenGranters);
}
public OAuth2AccessToken grant(String grantType, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
//遍历各个granter并匹配grantType
for (TokenGranter granter : tokenGranters) {
OAuth2AccessToken grant = granter.grant(grantType, tokenRequest);
if (grant!=null) {
return grant;
}
}
return null;
}
public void addTokenGranter(TokenGranter tokenGranter) {
if (tokenGranter == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Token granter is null");
}
tokenGranters.add(tokenGranter);
}
}
3.2 AbstractTokenGranter
这个抽象类是我们上面所说的几种模式的父类，在继承TokenGranter的同时，抽取了各个模式的共有方法和代码
public abstract class AbstractTokenGranter implements TokenGranter {
protected final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
private final AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices;
private final ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService;
private final OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory;
private final String grantType;
protected AbstractTokenGranter(AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices,
ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService, OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory, String grantType) {
this.clientDetailsService = clientDetailsService;
this.grantType = grantType;
this.tokenServices = tokenServices;
this.requestFactory = requestFactory;
}
//实现tokenGranter接口的方法
public OAuth2AccessToken grant(String grantType, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
//匹配grant_type
if (!this.grantType.equals(grantType)) {
return null;
}
String clientId = tokenRequest.getClientId();
ClientDetails client = clientDetailsService.loadClientByClientId(clientId);
//判断账号权限
validateGrantType(grantType, client);
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Getting access token for: " + clientId);
}
//获取access_token
return getAccessToken(client, tokenRequest);
}
//获取access_token方法，可以看到，此处获取access_token的本质是创建access_token，意味着每次获取都会创建一个新的access_token
//tokenServices的解析见下面的 DefaultTokenServices
protected OAuth2AccessToken getAccessToken(ClientDetails client, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
return tokenServices.createAccessToken(getOAuth2Authentication(client, tokenRequest));
}
protected OAuth2Authentication getOAuth2Authentication(ClientDetails client, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
OAuth2Request storedOAuth2Request = requestFactory.createOAuth2Request(client, tokenRequest);
return new OAuth2Authentication(storedOAuth2Request, null);
}
protected void validateGrantType(String grantType, ClientDetails clientDetails) {
Collection<String> authorizedGrantTypes = clientDetails.getAuthorizedGrantTypes();
if (authorizedGrantTypes != null && !authorizedGrantTypes.isEmpty()
&& !authorizedGrantTypes.contains(grantType)) {
throw new InvalidClientException("Unauthorized grant type: " + grantType);
}
}
protected AuthorizationServerTokenServices getTokenServices() {
return tokenServices;
}
protected OAuth2RequestFactory getRequestFactory() {
return requestFactory;
}
}
3.3 DefaultTokenServices
在分析具体的几个模式的代码之前，我们需要先来看看AuthorizationServerTokenServices的子类DefaultTokenServices，这个是其默认实现（这里只贴出其createAccessToken方法和createRefreshToken的代码）
public class DefaultTokenServices implements AuthorizationServerTokenServices, ResourceServerTokenServices,
ConsumerTokenServices, InitializingBean {
private int refreshTokenValiditySeconds = 60 * 60 * 24 * 30; // default 30 days.
private int accessTokenValiditySeconds = 60 * 60 * 12; // default 12 hours.
//判断是否支持refreshToken
private boolean supportRefreshToken = false;
//刷新（即重新生成）access_token时，是否需要刷新（即重新生成）refresh_token
private boolean reuseRefreshToken = true;
private TokenStore tokenStore;
private ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService;
private TokenEnhancer accessTokenEnhancer;
private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
/**
* Initialize these token services. If no random generator is set, one will be created.
*/
public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
Assert.notNull(tokenStore, "tokenStore must be set");
}
@Transactional
public OAuth2AccessToken createAccessToken(OAuth2Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
//取出存储的access_token
OAuth2AccessToken existingAccessToken = tokenStore.getAccessToken(authentication);
OAuth2RefreshToken refreshToken = null;
if (existingAccessToken != null) {
if (existingAccessToken.isExpired()) {
//存储的有access_token但已过期，从存储中删除此access_token，如果此access_token有对应的refresh_token,则从存储中删除此refresh_token
if (existingAccessToken.getRefreshToken() != null) {
refreshToken = existingAccessToken.getRefreshToken();
// The token store could remove the refresh token when the
// access token is removed, but we want to
// be sure...
tokenStore.removeRefreshToken(refreshToken);
}
tokenStore.removeAccessToken(existingAccessToken);
}
else {
// Re-store the access token in case the authentication has changed
//存储的有access_token，并且未过期，存储后直接返回即可
tokenStore.storeAccessToken(existingAccessToken, authentication);
return existingAccessToken;
}
}
// Only create a new refresh token if there wasn't an existing one
// associated with an expired access token.
// Clients might be holding existing refresh tokens, so we re-use it in
// the case that the old access token
// expired.
if (refreshToken == null) {
refreshToken = createRefreshToken(authentication);
}
// But the refresh token itself might need to be re-issued if it has
// expired.
else if (refreshToken instanceof ExpiringOAuth2RefreshToken) {
ExpiringOAuth2RefreshToken expiring = (ExpiringOAuth2RefreshToken) refreshToken;
if (System.currentTimeMillis() > expiring.getExpiration().getTime()) {
//如果refresh_token已过期，创建新的
refreshToken = createRefreshToken(authentication);
}
}
OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = createAccessToken(authentication, refreshToken);
tokenStore.storeAccessToken(accessToken, authentication);
// In case it was modified
refreshToken = accessToken.getRefreshToken();
if (refreshToken != null) {
tokenStore.storeRefreshToken(refreshToken, authentication);
}
return accessToken;
}
@Transactional(noRollbackFor={InvalidTokenException.class, InvalidGrantException.class})
public OAuth2AccessToken refreshAccessToken(String refreshTokenValue, TokenRequest tokenRequest)
throws AuthenticationException {
//如果不支持刷新token，则直接报错
if (!supportRefreshToken) {
throw new InvalidGrantException("Invalid refresh token: " + refreshTokenValue);
}
OAuth2RefreshToken refreshToken = tokenStore.readRefreshToken(refreshTokenValue);
if (refreshToken == null) {
throw new InvalidGrantException("Invalid refresh token: " + refreshTokenValue);
}
OAuth2Authentication authentication = tokenStore.readAuthenticationForRefreshToken(refreshToken);
if (this.authenticationManager != null && !authentication.isClientOnly()) {
// The client has already been authenticated, but the user authentication might be old now, so give it a
// chance to re-authenticate.
Authentication user = new PreAuthenticatedAuthenticationToken(authentication.getUserAuthentication(), "", authentication.getAuthorities());
user = authenticationManager.authenticate(user);
Object details = authentication.getDetails();
authentication = new OAuth2Authentication(authentication.getOAuth2Request(), user);
authentication.setDetails(details);
}
String clientId = authentication.getOAuth2Request().getClientId();
if (clientId == null || !clientId.equals(tokenRequest.getClientId())) {
throw new InvalidGrantException("Wrong client for this refresh token: " + refreshTokenValue);
}
// clear out any access tokens already associated with the refresh
// token.
tokenStore.removeAccessTokenUsingRefreshToken(refreshToken);
if (isExpired(refreshToken)) {
tokenStore.removeRefreshToken(refreshToken);
throw new InvalidTokenException("Invalid refresh token (expired): " + refreshToken);
}
authentication = createRefreshedAuthentication(authentication, tokenRequest);
//设定的规则是刷新access_token时一起刷新refresh_token
if (!reuseRefreshToken) {
tokenStore.removeRefreshToken(refreshToken);
refreshToken = createRefreshToken(authentication);
}
OAuth2AccessToken accessToken = createAccessToken(authentication, refreshToken);
tokenStore.storeAccessToken(accessToken, authentication);
if (!reuseRefreshToken) {
tokenStore.storeRefreshToken(accessToken.getRefreshToken(), authentication);
}
return accessToken;
}
}
3.4 AuthorizationCodeTokenGranter
这个类是继承了AbstractTokenGranter的，其并没有重写父类的grant方法，只是重写了getAccessToken方法中获取用户信息的方法，即getOAuth2Authentication方法，因为authorization_code模式需要校验重定向uri和code。
public class AuthorizationCodeTokenGranter extends AbstractTokenGranter {
private static final String GRANT_TYPE = "authorization_code";
private final AuthorizationCodeServices authorizationCodeServices;
public AuthorizationCodeTokenGranter(AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices,
AuthorizationCodeServices authorizationCodeServices, ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService, OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory) {
this(tokenServices, authorizationCodeServices, clientDetailsService, requestFactory, GRANT_TYPE);
}
protected AuthorizationCodeTokenGranter(AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices, AuthorizationCodeServices authorizationCodeServices,
ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService, OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory, String grantType) {
super(tokenServices, clientDetailsService, requestFactory, grantType);
this.authorizationCodeServices = authorizationCodeServices;
}
@Override
protected OAuth2Authentication getOAuth2Authentication(ClientDetails client, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
Map<String, String> parameters = tokenRequest.getRequestParameters();
//获取code
String authorizationCode = parameters.get("code");
String redirectUri = parameters.get(OAuth2Utils.REDIRECT_URI);
if (authorizationCode == null) {
throw new InvalidRequestException("An authorization code must be supplied.");
}
//删除并判断code是否合法（这也是为什么code只能使用一次的原因）
OAuth2Authentication storedAuth = authorizationCodeServices.consumeAuthorizationCode(authorizationCode);
if (storedAuth == null) {
throw new InvalidGrantException("Invalid authorization code: " + authorizationCode);
}
OAuth2Request pendingOAuth2Request = storedAuth.getOAuth2Request();
// https://jira.springsource.org/browse/SECOAUTH-333
// This might be null, if the authorization was done without the redirect_uri parameter
String redirectUriApprovalParameter = pendingOAuth2Request.getRequestParameters().get(
OAuth2Utils.REDIRECT_URI);
//校验重定向uri是否跟获取code时传递的一样。
if ((redirectUri != null || redirectUriApprovalParameter != null)
&& !pendingOAuth2Request.getRedirectUri().equals(redirectUri)) {
throw new RedirectMismatchException("Redirect URI mismatch.");
}
//校验clientId
String pendingClientId = pendingOAuth2Request.getClientId();
String clientId = tokenRequest.getClientId();
if (clientId != null && !clientId.equals(pendingClientId)) {
// just a sanity check.
throw new InvalidClientException("Client ID mismatch");
}
// Secret is not required in the authorization request, so it won't be available
// in the pendingAuthorizationRequest. We do want to check that a secret is provided
// in the token request, but that happens elsewhere.
//封装用户信息并存储、返回
Map<String, String> combinedParameters = new HashMap<String, String>(pendingOAuth2Request
.getRequestParameters());
// Combine the parameters adding the new ones last so they override if there are any clashes
combinedParameters.putAll(parameters);
// Make a new stored request with the combined parameters
OAuth2Request finalStoredOAuth2Request = pendingOAuth2Request.createOAuth2Request(combinedParameters);
Authentication userAuth = storedAuth.getUserAuthentication();
return new OAuth2Authentication(finalStoredOAuth2Request, userAuth);
}
}
3.5 ResourceOwnerPasswordTokenGranter
密码模式
public class ResourceOwnerPasswordTokenGranter extends AbstractTokenGranter {
private static final String GRANT_TYPE = "password";
private final AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
public ResourceOwnerPasswordTokenGranter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager,
AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices, ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService, OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory) {
this(authenticationManager, tokenServices, clientDetailsService, requestFactory, GRANT_TYPE);
}
protected ResourceOwnerPasswordTokenGranter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager, AuthorizationServerTokenServices tokenServices,
ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService, OAuth2RequestFactory requestFactory, String grantType) {
super(tokenServices, clientDetailsService, requestFactory, grantType);
this.authenticationManager = authenticationManager;
}
@Override
protected OAuth2Authentication getOAuth2Authentication(ClientDetails client, TokenRequest tokenRequest) {
Map<String, String> parameters = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>(tokenRequest.getRequestParameters());
String username = parameters.get("username");
String password = parameters.get("password");
// Protect from downstream leaks of password
parameters.remove("password");
Authentication userAuth = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, password);
((AbstractAuthenticationToken) userAuth).setDetails(parameters);
try {
//根据用户名和密码获取用户信息（带校验功能）
userAuth = authenticationManager.authenticate(userAuth);
}
catch (AccountStatusException ase) {
//covers expired, locked, disabled cases (mentioned in section 5.2, draft 31)
throw new InvalidGrantException(ase.getMessage());
}
catch (BadCredentialsException e) {
// If the username/password are wrong the spec says we should send 400/invalid grant
throw new InvalidGrantException(e.getMessage());
}
if (userAuth == null || !userAuth.isAuthenticated()) {
throw new InvalidGrantException("Could not authenticate user: " + username);
}
OAuth2Request storedOAuth2Request = getRequestFactory().createOAuth2Request(client, tokenRequest);
return new OAuth2Authentication(storedOAuth2Request, userAuth);
}
}
四.总结
通过阅读Spring Security OAuth2的源码我们发现
Spring Security OAuth2的获取token部分主要是使用适配器模式，通过接口传递的grant_type来判断具体的模式，通过抽象类的公有方法及子类的覆盖方法完成token的获取与刷新Spring Security OAuth2的token获取与刷新是同一个接口，刷新时，refresh_token可以配置成一起刷新或不刷新。如果refresh_token会在access_token刷新时一起刷新的话，那么就可以实现如果用户持续访问系统，便可以一直保持登录，无须再次登录的功能Spring Security OAth2的token刷新策略实质上是重新生成新的token返回，而不是我们理解的把原来的token的过期时长进行延长
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