python实战一百道入门

1.打印圆的面积

调包，把π引进来，然后用round函数保留小数

import math
round(S,n)    #n为要保留的几位小数

2.打印素数

#python中的for循环和C里面的不太一样
for number in range(a,b)：
#number在a到b-1里面遍历,且后面要加冒号，不要忘记了，定义的函数后面也要加冒号

3.打印一个数组的和

#如果是一个数组传进来那么它遍历与普通遍历不太一样，直接用in
for i in para_list(数组名)
for i range para_list这是错误的写法

4.排序

students=[
    {"sno":101,"sname":"校长","grade":88},
    {"sno":102,"sname":"蔡徐坤","grade":89},
    {"sno":103,"sname":"张三","grade": 82},
    {"sno":104,"sname":"李斯","grade": 83},
]
student_sort=sorted(students,key=lambda x:x["grade"])    #keyd代表着怎样比较，x代表着按照"grade"进行比较，而后面加一个reverse=True为倒序排列
print(student_sort)

 

5.读取文件进行操作

 排序：

def read_file():
    result=[]
    with open("./students_grades.txt",encoding='UTF-8')  as fin:
        for line in fin:
            line=line[:-1]    #[:-1]代表的是去掉源文件中的换行符
            result.append(line.split(","))
    return result

def write_files(datas):
    with open("./students_grades_output.txt","w",encoding='UTF-8') as fout:
        for data in datas:
            fout.write(",".join(data))


datas=read_file()
student_sort=sorted(datas,key=lambda x:int(x[2]),reverse=True)
write_files(student_sort)

进行计算：

def compute_score():
    scores=[]
    with open("./students_grades.txt") as fin:
        for line in fin:
            line=line[:-1]
            fields=line.split(",")
            scores.append(float(fields[-1]))   #-1代表是最后一个元素
    max_score=max(scores)
    min_score=min(scores)
    avg_score=round(sum(scores)/len(scores),2)
    return max_score,min_score,avg_score
max_score,min_score,avg_score=compute_score()
print(max_score)
print(min_score)
print(avg_score)