C#使用SHA256哈希算法实现简单用户注册与验证

先定义一个User用户类，用来存储User信息和salt

public class User{
    public string name {get;set;}
    public string Salt {get;set;}
    //密码 + salt计算出的哈希值
    public string SaltedHashPassword{get;set;}
}

密码 + salt计算出哈希值

/// <summary>
/// 得到随机数 + 密码的哈希值
/// </summary>
/// <param name="password">密码</param>
/// <param name="salt">随机值</param>
/// <returns>得到一个计算完的哈希值</returns>
private static string SaltAndHashPwd(string password,string salt){
    var sha = SHA256.Create();
    var saltedPwd = password + salt;
    //ComputeHash 计算字节数组的哈希值 
    return Convert.ToBase64String(sha.ComputeHash(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(saltedPwd)));
}

注册用户

/// <summary>
/// 注册一个用户
/// </summary>
/// <param name="username"></param>
/// <param name="password"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static User Register(string username,string password){
    RandomNumberGenerator rng = RandomNumberGenerator.Create();  //加密随机数生成
    byte[] saltByte = new byte[16];
    rng.GetBytes(saltByte); //将 随机数 转换为 字节数组
    string saltText = Convert.ToBase64String(saltByte); 
    //获取哈希值
    var saltedhashPwd = SaltAndHashPwd(password,saltText);
    var User = new User{
        name = username,
        Salt = saltText,
        SaltedHashPassword = saltedhashPwd
    };
    Users.Add(username,User);
    return User;
}

验证密码方法 (根据用户得到salt，再用密码 + salt计算哈希值，返回是否等于该用户的哈希值)

public static bool CheckPassWord(string username,string password){
    if(!Users.ContainsKey(username)){
        return false;
    }
    var user  = Users[username];
    var saltedhashedPwd = SaltAndHashPwd(password,user.Salt);
    return (saltedhashedPwd == user.SaltedHashPassword);
}

最后Main方法中简单调用

static void ExHash(){
	   var jlf = HashLearn.Register("jlf","123456");
	   System.Console.WriteLine($"Name:{jlf.name}");
	   System.Console.WriteLine($"Name:{jlf.Salt}");
	   System.Console.WriteLine($"Name:{jlf.SaltedHashPassword}");
	
	   System.Console.WriteLine("输入一个新的用户名:");
	   var username = Console.ReadLine();
	   System.Console.WriteLine("输入密码:");
	   var password = Console.ReadLine();
	
	   var newUser = HashLearn.Register(username,password);
	   System.Console.WriteLine($"Name:{newUser.name}");
	   System.Console.WriteLine($"Name:{newUser.Salt}");
	   System.Console.WriteLine($"Name:{newUser.SaltedHashPassword}");
	
	   System.Console.WriteLine("验证登录密码:");
	   bool checkPwd = false;
	   while(!checkPwd){
	       System.Console.WriteLine("输入登录名:");
	       var loginName = Console.ReadLine();
	       System.Console.WriteLine("输入密码:");
	       var loginPwd = Console.ReadLine();
	       checkPwd = HashLearn.CheckPassWord(loginName,loginPwd);
	       if(checkPwd)
	           System.Console.WriteLine("登录成功!");
	       else
	           System.Console.WriteLine("账号或密码错误!");
	   }
}

与数据库交互的时候应该将salt单独存一张表，应与用户表关联，登录时都查出来然后计算为哈希值，与登录人的信息计算的哈希值作比较
或者直接一张表也没啥关系