jquery异步上传文件

一、创建input元素

<input type="file" id="fileToUpload" name="fileToUpload" value="浏览"/>

二、导入jquery.js和ajaxfileupload.js文件

jQuery.extend({
	

    createUploadIframe: function(id, uri)
	{
			//create frame
            var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
            var iframeHtml = '<iframe id="' + frameId + '" name="' + frameId + '" style="position:absolute; top:-9999px; left:-9999px"';
			if(window.ActiveXObject)
			{
                if(typeof uri== 'boolean'){
					iframeHtml += ' src="' + 'javascript:false' + '"';

                }
                else if(typeof uri== 'string'){
					iframeHtml += ' src="' + uri + '"';

                }	
			}
			iframeHtml += ' />';
			jQuery(iframeHtml).appendTo(document.body);

            return jQuery('#' + frameId).get(0);			
    },

    createUploadForm: function(id, fileElementId, data)
	{
		//create form	
		var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;
		var fileId = 'jUploadFile' + id;
		var form = jQuery('<form  action="" method="POST" name="' + formId + '" id="' + formId + '" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>');	
		if(data)
		{
			for(var i in data)
			{
				jQuery('<input type="hidden" name="' + i + '" value="' + data[i] + '" />').appendTo(form);
			}			
		}		
		var oldElement = jQuery('#' + fileElementId);
		var newElement = jQuery(oldElement).clone();
		jQuery(oldElement).attr('id', fileId);
		jQuery(oldElement).before(newElement);
		jQuery(oldElement).appendTo(form);


		
		//set attributes
		jQuery(form).css('position', 'absolute');
		jQuery(form).css('top', '-1200px');
		jQuery(form).css('left', '-1200px');
		jQuery(form).appendTo('body');		
		return form;
    },

    ajaxFileUpload: function(s) {
        // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout		
        s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s);
        var id = new Date().getTime();
		var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id, s.fileElementId, (typeof(s.data)=='undefined'?false:s.data));
		var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri);
		var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id;
		var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id;		
        // Watch for a new set of requests
        if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ )
		{
			jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" );
		}            
        var requestDone = false;
        // Create the request object
        var xml = {}; 
        if ( s.global )
            jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]);
        // Wait for a response to come back
        var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout)
		{			
			var io = document.getElementById(frameId);
            try 
			{				
				if(io.contentWindow)
				{
					 xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null;
                	 xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document;
					 
				}else if(io.contentDocument)
				{
					 xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null;
                	xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document;
				}						
            }catch(e)
			{
				jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
			}
            if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout") 
			{				
                requestDone = true;
                var status;
                try {
                    status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error";
                    // Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified
                    if ( status != "error" )
					{
                        // process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback)
                        var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData( xml, s.dataType );    
                        // If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data
                        if ( s.success )
                            s.success( data, status );
    
                        // Fire the global callback
                        if( s.global )
                            jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxSuccess", [xml, s] );
                    } else
                        jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status);
                } catch(e) 
				{
                    status = "error";
                    jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e);
                }

                // The request was completed
                if( s.global )
                    jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] );

                // Handle the global AJAX counter
                if ( s.global && ! --jQuery.active )
                    jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStop" );

                // Process result
                if ( s.complete )
                    s.complete(xml, status);

                jQuery(io).unbind();

                setTimeout(function()
									{	try 
										{
											jQuery(io).remove();
											jQuery(form).remove();	
											
										} catch(e) 
										{
											jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
										}									

									}, 100);

                xml = null;

            }
        };
// Timeout checker
        if ( s.timeout > 0 ) 
		{
            setTimeout(function(){
                // Check to see if the request is still happening
                if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback( "timeout" );
            }, s.timeout);
        }
        try 
		{

			var form = jQuery('#' + formId);
			jQuery(form).attr('action', s.url);
			jQuery(form).attr('method', 'POST');
			jQuery(form).attr('target', frameId);
            if(form.encoding)
			{
				jQuery(form).attr('encoding', 'multipart/form-data');      			
            }
            else
			{	
				jQuery(form).attr('enctype', 'multipart/form-data');			
            }			
            jQuery(form).submit();

        } catch(e) 
		{			
            jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e);
        }
		
		jQuery('#' + frameId).load(uploadCallback	);
        return {abort: function () {}};	

    },

    uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) {
        var data = !type;
        data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText;
        // If the type is "script", eval it in global context
        if ( type == "script" )
            jQuery.globalEval( data );
        // Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used.
        if ( type == "json" ) {
        	if(data.indexOf('<pre') != -1) {
                //此段代码时为了兼容火狐和chrome浏览器
var newDiv = jQuery(document.createElement("div"));
                newDiv.html(data);
                data = $("pre:first", newDiv).html();
 }  
            eval( "data = " + data );
        }
        // evaluate scripts within html
        if ( type == "html" )
            jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts();
        return data;
    }
});

注意：在ajaxfileupload中会用到jquery的handleError函数，但是此函数在1.4.2之后不存在了，所有如果用到更高的

版本需要复制进去

三、写调用代码

function uploadImage() {
	$.ajaxFileUpload({
		url: 'photo/upload',//需要链接到服务器地址
		secureuri:false,
		fileElementId: 'fileToUpload',//文件选择框的id属性
		dataType:'json',//服务器返回的格式，可以是json
		success: function (data){
			if (data['result'] == 1) {
				
			}
		},
		error: function(data){
		}
	});
}

四、写后台处理代码：

List items = super.getUploadFileItems(req);//使用fileupolad组件获取request中的参数
				HashMap<String, String> params = super.getUploadParams(items);
				Iterator iter = items.iterator();
				FileItem fileItem = null;
				while (iter.hasNext()) {
					FileItem item = (FileItem) iter.next();
					if (!item.isFormField()) {
						fileItem = item;
						break;
					}
				}
				byte[] imageContent = null;
				String suffix = null;
				if (fileItem != null) {
					imageContent = IOTools.readContent(
							fileItem.getInputStream(), 4096);
					suffix = fileItem.getContentType();
				}

注意：

（1）如果服务端想返回json格式，一定不能加上response.setContentType("application/json");

 否则IE和opera会解析成文件下载，或者写成response.setContentType("text/html");

结合strut2是result节点中也要设置contentType，否则浏览器总是提示将返回的JSON结果另存为文件，不会交给ajaxfileupload处理。

这是因为struts2 JSON Plugin默认的contentType为application/json，而ajaxfileupload则要求为text/html。

（2）返回url赋值给img的src时，记得加上时间戳或者保证url不重复，否则会被浏览器缓存，导致无法实时看到图片