一、写在前面
最近一段时间在学习《Spring in action》这本书,在闲着无聊从后往前翻的时候发现了Spring Boot这一章,在书的最后作者有谈到很有可能在下一版中一开始就会介绍Spring Boot,这也就引发了我对于Spring Boot的兴趣。
为什么要使用Spring?因为可以减少Java开发的复杂性。
为什么要使用Spring Boot?为了简化Spring应用的搭建和开发过程。
二、具体实践
开发环境:IntelliJ IDEA 2016.2 (直接使用的较新版本)+MYSQL
项目结构:
项目使用了IDE中的基础Maven模板,因为这个Demo演示的功能比较简单,service类的功能没有用到,就不列出了。
Maven配置(pom.xml):
PS:其中有一些是这个简易Demo里没有用到的,我没有删除
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.wufengqiyun</groupId>
<artifactId>demo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath />
</parent>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<java.version>1.7</java.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.session</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-session-data-redis</artifactId>
<version>1.0.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mangofactory</groupId>
<artifactId>swagger-springmvc</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jersey</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId>
<artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>spring-releases</id>
<url>https://repo.spring.io/libs-release</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
- 数据库:
这里用到的就是一个很简单的名为springboot的MYSQL数据库,数据表为user,里面有id,name,password三个字段。
CREATE TABLE `springboot`.`user` (
`id` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
`password` VARCHAR(45) NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`));
- 主函数:
主函数非常的简单,就是提供一个入口,和学习JavaSE时候非常类似,其中比较重要的是三个注解,也就是Spring的自动装配。
ps:在新版本的Spring Boot中,使用了一个新的注解@SpringBootApplication来代替这三个的搭配
package com.wufengqiyun;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import static org.springframework.core.Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE;
@Configuration
@ComponentScan
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class Start {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Start.class,args);
}
}
- Controller:
主要功能是根据id返回相关信息
package com.wufengqiyun.controller;
import com.wufengqiyun.domain.User;
import com.wufengqiyun.repository.UserRepository;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.PropertySource;
import org.springframework.core.env.Environment;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
@RestController
public class UserController {
private static final Logger LOGGER= LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);
private UserRepository userRepository;
@Autowired
public UserController(UserRepository userRepository){
this.userRepository=userRepository;
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/user/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public User findByUserId(@PathVariable long id){
User user=userRepository.findOne(id);
return user;
}
}
- 仓库类UserRepository:
简单的数据库CRUD操作通过继承CrudRepository即可完成
package com.wufengqiyun.repository;
import com.wufengqiyun.domain.User;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.data.rest.core.annotation.RestResource;
import java.util.Collection;
@RestResource(exported = false)
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long>{
Collection<User> findAll();
User findByName(String name);
}
- User实体类:
一个简单的JavaBean,注意和数据库相对应
package com.wufengqiyun.domain;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
private String name;
private String password;
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
- 配置文件application.properties:
这里的数据库相关信息,需要按照自己实际情况修改
#数据库配置信息
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/springboot?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&autoReconnect=true
spring.datasource.username=自行添加
spring.datasource.password=自行添加
运行结果:
如果运行成功,是可以看到内置的tomcat的运行成功信息的,无需另行配置,非常方便
在浏览器中输入链接:http://localhost:8080/user/2 结果为: