Android中生成彩色位置探测点的二维码

Android中生成彩色位置探测点的二维码

　　前段时间项目有需要要显示彩色探测点的二维码，网上搜了下，有基于java,c等的源码。网上的java源码直接照搬有些问题，自己改了改。不说废话，先上结果图。

　　原理其实很简单，利用zxing的写二维码功能生成二维码图片时，对相应像素点进行着色即可。关键是如何准确获取到二维码探测点在matrix里的位置。
　　

二维码一共有40个尺寸。官方叫版本Version。Version 1是21 x 21的矩阵，Version 2是 25 x 25的矩阵，Version 3是29的尺寸，每增加一个version，就会增加4的尺寸，公式是：(V-1)*4 + 21（V是版本号） 最高Version 40，(40-1)*4+21 = 177，所以最高是177 x 177 的正方形。……而三个角的探测点的长度相对来讲是固定的。

　　上面这段话是对二维码的尺寸规格的说明。另外，探测点在任何尺寸的二维码中，单边长度都是8个模块（包含外围的一条白边）。根据这些，我们就可以计算出探测点在像素矩阵中的具体位置了。

　　利用zxing生成二维码，是先生成Matrix，再由BarcodeEncoder转成Bitmap。看BarcodeEncoder中代码：

    public Bitmap createBitmap(BitMatrix matrix) {
        int width = matrix.getWidth();
        int height = matrix.getHeight();
        int[] pixels = new int[width * height];
        for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
            int offset = y * width;
            for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {
                pixels[offset + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE;
            }
        }

        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);
        return bitmap;
    }

　　其中重要的一句

　　pixels[offset + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE;

　　根据矩阵中的0，1做颜色转换，由此我们可以自己来设定自己所需要的颜色。现在我们的任务就是确定探测点的准确位置。

确定生成的二维码探测点位置

　　
要想确定生成的二维码探测点位置，首先要确定生成的二维码的尺寸。看zxing中的QRCodeWriter类，其中

public BitMatrix encode(String contents,
                      BarcodeFormat format,
                      int width,
                      int height,
                      Map<EncodeHintType,?> hints) throws WriterException {

if (contents.isEmpty()) {
  throw new IllegalArgumentException("Found empty contents");
}

if (format != BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE) {
  throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can only encode QR_CODE, but got " + format);
}

if (width < 0 || height < 0) {
  throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested dimensions are too small: " + width + 'x' +
      height);
}
ErrorCorrectionLevel errorCorrectionLevel = ErrorCorrectionLevel.L;
int quietZone = QUIET_ZONE_SIZE;
if (hints != null) {
  ErrorCorrectionLevel requestedECLevel = (ErrorCorrectionLevel) hints.get(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION);
  if (requestedECLevel != null) {
    errorCorrectionLevel = requestedECLevel;
  }
  Integer quietZoneInt = (Integer) hints.get(EncodeHintType.MARGIN);
  if (quietZoneInt != null) {
    quietZone = quietZoneInt;
  }
}

QRCode code = Encoder.encode(contents, errorCorrectionLevel, hints);
return renderResult(code, width, height, quietZone);
}

主要是调用Encoder中的encode生成一个QRCode，再由renderResult方法生成一个BitMatrix。而生成的QRCode中包含了我们所需要的Version信息。所以我们可以自己改写一个QRCodeWriter类，拿到QRCode。直接将QRCodeWriter复制出来，重写几个方法即可。如我写的ColorQRCodeWriter：

public class ColorQRCodeWriter {
private static final int QUIET_ZONE_SIZE = 4;

public Map<String,Object> encode(String contents, BarcodeFormat format, int width, int height)
        throws WriterException {
    return encode(contents, format, width, height, null);
}

public Map<String,Object> encode(String contents,
                                 BarcodeFormat format,
                                 int width,
                                 int height,
                                 Map<EncodeHintType,?> hints) throws WriterException {

    if (contents.isEmpty()) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Found empty contents");
    }

    if (format != BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Can only encode QR_CODE, but got " + format);
    }

    if (width < 0 || height < 0) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested dimensions are too small: " + width + 'x' +
                height);
    }

    ErrorCorrectionLevel errorCorrectionLevel = ErrorCorrectionLevel.L;
    int quietZone = QUIET_ZONE_SIZE;
    if (hints != null) {
        ErrorCorrectionLevel requestedECLevel = (ErrorCorrectionLevel) hints.get(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION);
        if (requestedECLevel != null) {
            errorCorrectionLevel = requestedECLevel;
        }
        Integer quietZoneInt = (Integer) hints.get(EncodeHintType.MARGIN);
        if (quietZoneInt != null) {
            quietZone = quietZoneInt;
        }
    }

    QRCode code = Encoder.encode(contents, errorCorrectionLevel, hints);
    return renderResult(code, width, height, quietZone);
}

// Note that the input matrix uses 0 == white, 1 == black, while the output matrix uses
// 0 == black, 255 == white (i.e. an 8 bit greyscale bitmap).
private static Map<String,Object> renderResult(QRCode code, int width, int height, int quietZone) {
    ByteMatrix input = code.getMatrix();
    if (input == null) {
        throw new IllegalStateException();
    }
    int inputWidth = input.getWidth();
    int inputHeight = input.getHeight();
    int qrWidth = inputWidth + (quietZone * 2);
    int qrHeight = inputHeight + (quietZone * 2);
    int outputWidth = Math.max(width, qrWidth);
    int outputHeight = Math.max(height, qrHeight);

    int multiple = Math.min(outputWidth / qrWidth, outputHeight / qrHeight);
    // Padding includes both the quiet zone and the extra white pixels to accommodate the requested
    // dimensions. For example, if input is 25x25 the QR will be 33x33 including the quiet zone.
    // If the requested size is 200x160, the multiple will be 4, for a QR of 132x132. These will
    // handle all the padding from 100x100 (the actual QR) up to 200x160.
    int leftPadding = (outputWidth - (inputWidth * multiple)) / 2;
    int topPadding = (outputHeight - (inputHeight * multiple)) / 2;

    BitMatrix output = new BitMatrix(outputWidth, outputHeight);

    for (int inputY = 0, outputY = topPadding; inputY < inputHeight; inputY++, outputY += multiple) {
        // Write the contents of this row of the barcode
        for (int inputX = 0, outputX = leftPadding; inputX < inputWidth; inputX++, outputX += multiple) {
            if (input.get(inputX, inputY) == 1) {
                output.setRegion(outputX, outputY, multiple, multiple);
            }
        }
    }
    Map<String,Object> map=new HashMap<>();
    map.put("BitMatrix",output);
    map.put("Version",code.getVersion());
    return map;
}

public Bitmap encodeBitmap(String content, int width, int height,boolean all){
    return encodeBitmap(content,width,height,null,null,null,all);
}

/**
 * 生成基点颜色不同的图片
 * @param content  需要生成的二维码的内容
 * @param width     二维码宽
 * @param height    二维码高
 * @param topLeftColor    左基点颜色
 * @param topRightColor    右顶基点颜色
 * @param bottomLeftColor    左底基点颜色
 * @return
 */
public Bitmap encodeBitmap(String content, int width, int height,
                           Integer topLeftColor, Integer topRightColor, Integer bottomLeftColor,boolean all){
    try {
        int startModel=2;
        int endModel=5;
        if(all){
            startModel=0;
            endModel=7;
        }
        Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "UTF-8");
        hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);
        Map<String,Object> map= encode(content,BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,width,height,hints);
        BitMatrix matrix= (BitMatrix) map.get("BitMatrix");
        Version version= (Version) map.get("Version");
        int[] tl=matrix.getTopLeftOnBit();
        int totalModelNum=(version.getVersionNumber()-1)*4+5+16;    //获取单边模块数
        int resultWidth=width-2*(tl[0]);
        int modelWidth=resultWidth/totalModelNum;   //得到每个模块长度
        //得到三个基准点的起始与终点
        int topEndX=tl[0]+modelWidth*endModel;
        int topStartX=tl[0]+modelWidth*startModel;
        int topStartY=tl[0]+modelWidth*startModel;
        int topEndY=tl[0]+modelWidth*endModel;
        int rightStartX=(totalModelNum-endModel)*modelWidth+tl[0];
        int rightEndX=width-modelWidth*startModel-tl[0];
        int leftStartY=height-modelWidth*endModel-tl[1];
        int leftEndY=height-modelWidth*startModel-tl[1];
        int[] pixels=new int[width*height];
        for(int y=0;y<matrix.getHeight();y++){
            for (int x = 0; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++) {
                if(x>=topStartX&&x<topEndX&&y>=topStartY&&y<topEndY){
                    //左上角颜色
                    if(topLeftColor==null){
                        topLeftColor= Color.RED;
                    }
                    pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? topLeftColor:  Color.WHITE;
                }else if(x<rightEndX&&x>=rightStartX&&y>=topStartY&&y<topEndY){
                    //右上角颜色
                    if(topRightColor==null){
                        topRightColor= Color.RED;
                    }
                    pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? topRightColor:  Color.WHITE;
                }else if(x>=topStartX&&x<topEndX&&y>=leftStartY&&y<leftEndY){
                    //右下角颜色
                    if(bottomLeftColor==null){
                        bottomLeftColor= Color.BLUE;
                    }
                    pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? bottomLeftColor:  Color.WHITE;
                }else{
                    pixels[y * width  + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? Color.BLACK : Color.WHITE;
                }
            }
        }
        Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
        bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height);
        return bitmap;
    } catch (WriterException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return null;
}


/**
 * 在二维码中间添加Logo图案
 */
public  Bitmap addLogo(Bitmap src, Bitmap logo) {
    if (src == null) {
        return null;
    }
    if (logo == null) {
        return src;
    }
    //获取图片的宽高
    int srcWidth = src.getWidth();
    int srcHeight = src.getHeight();
    int logoWidth = logo.getWidth();
    int logoHeight = logo.getHeight();

    if (srcWidth == 0 || srcHeight == 0) {
        return null;
    }
    if (logoWidth == 0 || logoHeight == 0) {
        return src;
    }
    //logo大小为二维码整体大小的1/5
    float scaleFactor = srcWidth * 1.0f / 5 / logoWidth;
    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(srcWidth, srcHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    try {
        Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);
        canvas.drawBitmap(src, 0, 0, null);
        canvas.scale(scaleFactor, scaleFactor, srcWidth / 2, srcHeight / 2);
        canvas.drawBitmap(logo, (srcWidth - logoWidth) / 2, (srcHeight - logoHeight) / 2, null);
        canvas.save(Canvas.ALL_SAVE_FLAG);
        canvas.restore();
    } catch (Exception e) {
        bitmap = null;
        e.getStackTrace();
    }

    return bitmap;
}
}

其中的addLogo方法直接从网上找的。

下面附上源码地址：下载地址请点击