网络块设备:NBD
可以将一个磁盘镜像,当作一个块设备来使用,就像一块硬盘一样使用它。
NBD与NFS有所不同:NFS只是提供一个挂载点供客户端使用NFS只是提供一个挂载点供客户端使用,客户端无法改变这个挂载点的分区格式.
而NBD提供的是一个块设备,客户端可以把这个块设备格式化成各种类型的分区.更便于用户的使用.
NBD是一个内核模块,大部分Linux发行版都已包含它.
1、连接块设备
# qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd60 i-ohc2wy8b.img
# qemu-nbd -c /dev/nbd59 centos.qcow2
2、查看分区
# parted /dev/nbd60 print
Model: Unknown (unknown)
Disk /dev/nbd60: 32.2GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 211MB 210MB primary xfs boot
2 211MB 4210MB 3999MB primary linux-swap(v1)
3 4210MB 32.2GB 28.0GB primary xfs
3、挂载磁盘
# mount /dev/nbd60p3 /mnt/ #挂载块磁盘里面文件
# vi /mnt/etc/fstab #修改块文件内容
[1]+ Stopped vi /mnt/etc/fstab
4、检查块设备挂载信息
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 1 279G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 1 46.6G 0 part /
├─sda2 8:2 1 29.8G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3 8:3 1 202.6G 0 part /pitrix
sdb 8:16 1 32.7T 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 1 16.4T 0 part
│ └─intelcas1-1 251:0 0 16.4T 0 disk
│ └─drbd0 147:0 0 16.4T 0 disk /pitrix/data/container
└─sdb2 8:18 1 16.4T 0 part
└─intelcas1-2 251:1 0 16.4T 0 disk
└─drbd1 147:1 0 16.4T 1 disk
sdc 8:32 1 894G 0 disk
nbd60 43:960 0 30G 0 disk
├─nbd60p1 43:961 0 200M 0 part
├─nbd60p2 43:962 0 3.7G 0 part
└─nbd60p3 43:963 0 26.1G 0 part /mnt
5、查看所有块设备的ID
# blkid
/dev/drbd0: UUID="51e49814-3610-4d2a-8881-780d57391447" TYPE="xfs"
/dev/sdb1: UUID="bf415ef2042a8f88" TYPE="drbd" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="af231a00-5ec9-49fe-9400-5887106d144a"
/dev/sdb2: UUID="e03b2f721bdfcaa9" TYPE="drbd" PARTLABEL="primary" PARTUUID="6613a0c9-1c91-41a0-ab06-557f74451b75"
/dev/sda1: UUID="0a838d66-1570-418f-8d6c-f44528e83186" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="94ab024e-01"
/dev/sda2: UUID="0372f6bd-0861-4df3-9532-f809d8ce27cf" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="94ab024e-02"
/dev/sda3: UUID="5c017ca0-8611-42a6-9fbd-28834f021390" TYPE="ext4" PARTUUID="94ab024e-03"
/dev/intelcas1-1: UUID="bf415ef2042a8f88" TYPE="drbd"
/dev/intelcas1-2: UUID="e03b2f721bdfcaa9" TYPE="drbd"
/dev/nbd60: PTUUID="00025055" PTTYPE="dos"
/dev/nbd60p1: UUID="759db4c5-24af-4556-b000-f445f6ad2578" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="00025055-01"
/dev/nbd60p2: UUID="1bda0c81-fe79-4ee7-a54f-f3e96a05f9d0" TYPE="swap" PARTUUID="00025055-02"
/dev/nbd60p3: UUID="f17dadd9-e121-47de-8cae-b24a5a888817" TYPE="xfs" PARTUUID="00025055-03"
6、卸载挂载点与解除映射关系
# umount /mnt #
# qemu-nbd -d /dev/nbd60 #减除映射关系
/dev/nbd60 disconnected