Java基础题（31~40）

【程序31】
题目：将一个数组逆序输出。   

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test31 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        int a[] = new int[20];
        System.out.println("请输入多个正整数（输入-1表示结束）：");
        int i = 0, j;
        do {
            a[i] = s.nextInt();
            i++;
        } while (a[i - 1] != -1);
        System.out.println("你输入的数组为：");
        for (j = 0; j < i - 1; j++) {
            System.out.print(a[j] + " ");
        }
        System.out.println("\n数组逆序输出为：");
        for (j = i - 2; j >= 0; j = j - 1) {
            System.out.print(a[j] + " ");
        }
    }
}

【程序32】   
题目：取一个整数a从右端开始的4～7位。   

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test32 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("请输入一个7位以上的正整数：");
        long a = s.nextLong();
        String ss = Long.toString(a);
        char[] ch = ss.toCharArray();
        int j = ch.length;
        if (j < 7) {
            System.out.println("输入错误！");
        } else {
            System.out.println("截取从右端开始的4～7位是：" + ch[j - 7] + ch[j - 6] + ch[j - 5] + ch[j - 4]);
        }
    }
}

【程序33】  
题目：打印出杨辉三角形（要求打印出10行如下图）      
            1   
          1    1   
        1    2    1   
      1    3    3    1   
    1    4    6    4    1   
1    5    10    10    5    1   
…………

package student;

public class Test33 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[][] a = new int[10][10];
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            a[i][i] = 1;
            a[i][0] = 1;
        }
        for (int i = 2; i < 10; i++) {
            for (int j = 1; j < i; j++) {
                a[i][j] = a[i - 1][j - 1] + a[i - 1][j];
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            for (int k = 0; k < 2 * (10 - i) - 1; k++) {
                System.out.print(" ");
            }
            for (int j = 0; j <= i; j++) {
                System.out.print(a[i][j] + " ");
            }
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
}

【程序34】   
题目：输入3个数a,b,c，按大小顺序输出。   

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test34 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入3个整数：");
        int a = s.nextInt();
        int b = s.nextInt();
        int c = s.nextInt();
        if (a < b) {
            int t = a;
            a = b;
            b = t;
        }
        if (a < c) {
            int t = a;
            a = c;
            c = t;
        }
        if (b < c) {
            int t = b;
            b = c;
            c = t;
        }
        System.out.println("从大到小的顺序输出:");
        System.out.println(a + " " + b + " " + c);
    }
}

【程序35】   
题目：输入数组，最大的与第一个元素交换，最小的与最后一个元素交换，输出数组。   

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test35 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int N = 8;
        int[] a = new int[N];
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        int idx1 = 0, idx2 = 0;
        System.out.println("请输入8个整数：");
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            a[i] = s.nextInt();
        }
        System.out.println("你输入的数组为：");
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
        }
        int max = a[0], min = a[0];
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            if (a[i] > max) {
                max = a[i];
                idx1 = i;
            }
            if (a[i] < min) {
                min = a[i];
                idx2 = i;
            }
        }
        if (idx1 != 0) {
            int temp = a[0];
            a[0] = a[idx1];
            a[idx1] = temp;
        }
        if (idx2 != N - 1) {
            int temp = a[N - 1];
            a[N - 1] = a[idx2];
            a[idx2] = temp;
        }
        System.out.println("\n交换后的数组为：");
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
        }
    }
}

【程序36】   
题目：有n个整数，使其前面各数顺序向后移m个位置，最后m个数变成最前面的m个数   

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test36 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int N = 10;
        int[] a = new int[N];
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入10个整数：");
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            a[i] = s.nextInt();
        }
        System.out.print("你输入的数组为：");
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
        }
        System.out.print("\n请输入向后移动的位数：");
        int m = s.nextInt();
        int[] b = new int[m];
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
            b[i] = a[N - m + i];
        }
        for (int i = N - 1; i >= m; i--) {
            a[i] = a[i - m];
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
            a[i] = b[i];
        }
        System.out.print("位移后的数组是：");
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
        }
    }
}

【程序37】   
题目：有n个人围成一圈，顺序排号。从第一个人开始报数（从1到3报数），凡报到3的人退出圈子，问最后留下的是原来第几号的那位。   

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test37 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("请输入排成一圈的人数：");
        int n = s.nextInt();
        boolean[] arr = new boolean[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            arr[i] = true;
        }
        int leftCount = n;
        int countNum = 0;
        int index = 0;
        while (leftCount > 1) {
            if (arr[index] == true) {
                countNum++;
                if (countNum == 3) {
                    countNum = 0;
                    arr[index] = false;
                    leftCount--;
                }
            }
            index++;
            if (index == n) {
                index = 0;
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            if (arr[i] == true) {
                System.out.println("原排在第" + (i + 1) + "位的人留下了。");
            }
        }
    }
}

【程序38】   
题目：写一个函数，求一个字符串的长度，在main函数中输入字符串，并输出其长度。   

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test38 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("请输入一个字符串：");
        String str = s.nextLine();
        System.out.println("字符串的长度是：" + strLength(str));
    }

    //函数返回字符串长度
    private static int strLength(String s) {
        return s.length();
    }
}

【程序39】   
题目：编写一个函数，输入n为偶数时，调用函数求1/2+1/4+...+1/n,当输入n为奇数时，调用函数1/1+1/3+...+1/n(利用指针函数)   
//没有利用指针函数

package student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test39 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.print("请输入一个正整数 n= ");
        int n = s.nextInt();
        System.out.println("相应数列的和为：" + sum(n));
    }

    public static double sum(int n) {
        double res = 0;
        if (n % 2 == 0) {
            for (int i = 2; i <= n; i += 2) {
                res += (double) 1 / i;
            }
        } else {
            for (int i = 1; i <= n; i += 2) {
                res += (double) 1 / i;
            }
        }
        return res;
    }
}

【程序40】   
题目：字符串排序。   

package student;

public class Test40 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int N = 5;
        String temp = null;
        String[] s = new String[N];
        s[0] = "matter";
        s[1] = "state";
        s[2] = "solid";
        s[3] = "liquid";
        s[4] = "gas";
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            for (int j = i + 1; j < N; j++) {
                if (compare(s[i], s[j]) == false) {
                    temp = s[i];
                    s[i] = s[j];
                    s[j] = temp;
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
            System.out.println(s[i]);
        }
    }

    static boolean compare(String s1, String s2) {
        boolean result = true;
        for (int i = 0; i < s1.length() && i < s2.length(); i++) {
            if (s1.charAt(i) > s2.charAt(i)) {
                result = false;
                break;
            } else if (s1.charAt(i) < s2.charAt(i)) {
                result = true;
                break;
            } else {
                if (s1.length() < s2.length()) {
                    result = true;
                } else {
                    result = false;
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }
}