108. Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree

108. Convert Sorted Array to Binary Search Tree

Description

Given an array where elements are sorted in ascending order, convert it to a height balanced BST.

For this problem, a height-balanced binary tree is defined as a binary tree in which the depth of the two subtrees of every node never differ by more than 1.

Example:

Given the sorted array: [-10,-3,0,5,9],

One possible answer is: [0,-3,9,-10,null,5], which represents the following height balanced BST:

      0
     / \
   -3   9
   /   /
 -10  5

Solutions

看到题的时候毫无思路,要写平衡二叉查找树,我就去看了怎么写平衡树,看到插入的时候需要旋转,觉得很麻烦,就翻看了一下去年交的代码。
这里是用到了递归,思路是,如果是用手排的话,是先找到中间的元素之后,就会把数组分成两队,左堆和右堆。然后分别递归实现左边和右边的平衡二叉查找树。
这里很纠结的一个地方是,他的给的范例是,

      0
     / \
   -3   9
   /   /
 -10  5

,这样的,然后test的答案又是

     0
    / \
  -10  5
    \   \
    -3   9

这样的。这就让我很纠结middle怎么算。两种middle的算法我都试了,都是可以通过的。
也就是说,当只剩下两个数(偶数)的时候,先把大的数作为父节点,还是把小的数作为父节点,都是可以的。

Submissions

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public TreeNode sortedArrayToBST(int[] nums) {
        return dsf(nums,0,nums.length-1);
    }
    TreeNode dsf(int[] nums,int left,int right)
    {
        if(left>right) return null;
        int mid=(1+left+right)/2;//这里mid=(left+right)/2也ok,题目没做要求
        TreeNode root=new TreeNode(nums[mid]);
        root.left=dsf(nums,left,mid-1);
        root.right=dsf(nums,mid+1,right);
        return root;
    }
}

Summary

如何构建一个balanced BST。
排序后更好构建哦,都不用旋转啦。

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【Solution】 To convert a binary search tree into a sorted circular doubly linked list, we can use the following steps: 1. Inorder traversal of the binary search tree to get the elements in sorted order. 2. Create a doubly linked list and add the elements from the inorder traversal to it. 3. Make the list circular by connecting the head and tail nodes. 4. Return the head node of the circular doubly linked list. Here's the Python code for the solution: ``` class Node: def __init__(self, val): self.val = val self.prev = None self.next = None def tree_to_doubly_list(root): if not root: return None stack = [] cur = root head = None prev = None while cur or stack: while cur: stack.append(cur) cur = cur.left cur = stack.pop() if not head: head = cur if prev: prev.right = cur cur.left = prev prev = cur cur = cur.right head.left = prev prev.right = head return head ``` To verify the accuracy of the code, we can use the following test cases: ``` # Test case 1 # Input: [4,2,5,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 4 # / \ # 2 5 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 <-> 4 <-> 5 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 5 <-> 4 <-> 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(4) root.left = Node(2) root.right = Node(5) root.left.left = Node(1) root.left.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) # Test case 2 # Input: [2,1,3] # Output: # Binary search tree: # 2 # / \ # 1 3 # Doubly linked list: 1 <-> 2 <-> 3 # Doubly linked list in reverse order: 3 <-> 2 <-> 1 root = Node(2) root.left = Node(1) root.right = Node(3) head = tree_to_doubly_list(root) print("Binary search tree:") print_tree(root) print("Doubly linked list:") print_list(head) print("Doubly linked list in reverse order:") print_list_reverse(head) ``` The output of the test cases should match the expected output as commented in the code.

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