mysql在Linux下的安装

Mysql 5.7.20安装配置方法图文教程(Linux)

1. 系统约定

安装文件下载目录:  /data/software

Mysql目录安装位置: /usr/local/mysql

数据库保存位置: /opt/mysql/data

日志保存位置: /data/log/mysql

2. 下载mysql

在官网: https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 中,选择以下版本的mysql下载:

     

执行如下命令(直接下载到服务器上):

#mkdir /data/software

#cd /data/software

#wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

 

3. 检查数据库文件是否存在,如果存在则删除.

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -e mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 --nodeps

 

4. 检查mysql组和用户是否存在,如不存在则创建.

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

(下图是mysql组和用户存在:)

// useradd -r 参数表示mysql用户是系统用户,不可用于登录系统.

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql

 

5. 解压压缩(TAR)包到目标位置

# mkdir /usr/local/mysql                                ---- 创建文件夹

# cd /data/software                                    

# pwd          -----用pwd命令查看默认工作目录的完整路径

# ls/ll

# cd /usr/local

#pwd

# tar -xf /data/software/mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar

# ls/ll

# mv mysql-5.7.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql        --- 修改文件名

# ls/ll

6. 安装和初始化数据库配置OS

sudo vim /etc/security/limits.conf      ---- sudo是非root用户临时获取root权利来执行

mysql hard nofile 65535

mysql soft nofile 65535

 

7. 创建数据仓库目录

# mkdir /opt/mysql/data

# ls/ll

8. 安装与初始化DB(配置参数)

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/

 

出现错误信息：  

2015-11-19 06:49:00 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld

--initialize  2015-11-19 06:49:07 [ERROR]   The bootstrap log isn't empty: 2015-11-19T14:49:01.888730Z 0

[ERROR] Can't read from messagefile '/usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys'

 

造成问题的原因是: mysql_install_db命令已弃用，使用mysqld .所以命令修改为如下:

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/opt/mysql/data/

此处需要注意记录生成的临时密码,如上文:YLi>7ecpe;YP

9. [root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup  --datadir=/opt/mysql/data

10. 修改系统配置文件

[root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/

[root@localhost support-files]# ll

[root@localhost support-files]#cp my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost support-files]#cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/init.d/mysql

修改以下内容:

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/opt/mysql/data

[root@localhost support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf

修改以下内容:

[mysqld]

datadir=/opt/mysql/data/

11. 启动mysql

[root@localhost /]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]#bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

[root@localhost mysql]#/etc/init.d/mysqld restart

Shutting down MySQL..2016-08-19T17:25:18.416810Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /usr/local/mysql/data/slave.pid ended

                                                           [  OK  ]

Starting MySQL

 

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql -p

输入上边生成的临时密码

重置密码

mysql> set password=password('********');

给指定的数据库设置登录名和密码

mysql> grant all on gamesp.* to newuser@localhost identified by 'password';

mysql> flush privileges;

如果mysql服务启动成功后,通过navicat等客户端连接不成功时,说明安装mysql的服务器ip不是mysql默认的那几个.解决方案:

mysql> update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';

mysql> flush privileges;

 

12. 添加系统路径

[root@localhost /]# cd etc

[root@localhost etc]# vi profile

添加的内容如下:

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

[root@localhost /]# source /etc/profile

 

2. 配置mysql自动启动

[root@localhost /]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost /]# chkconfig --add mysql

[root@localhost /]# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on