Linux网络编程-----IO

1.阻塞IO 

    CPU占用率低,等待资源时将任务挂起,不占用CPU资源,等到拿到资源后继续向下执行

read:

#include "head.h"

int main(void)
{
    int fd = 0;
    char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};

    mkfifo("/tmp/myfifo", 0777);
    fd = open("/tmp/myfifo", O_RDONLY);
    if (-1 == fd)
    {
        perror("fail to open");
        return -1;
    }

    while (1)
    {
        memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));
        read(fd, tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff));
        printf("FIFO:%s\n", tmpbuff);

        memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));
        gets(tmpbuff);
        printf("STDIN:%s\n", tmpbuff);
    }
    
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}

write:

#include "head.h"

int main(void)
{
    int fd = 0;
    char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};

    mkfifo("/tmp/myfifo", 0777);
    fd = open("/tmp/myfifo", O_WRONLY);
    if (-1 == fd)
    {
        perror("fail to open");
        return -1;
    }

    while (1)
    {
        memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));
        MY_GETS(tmpbuff);
        write(fd, tmpbuff, strlen(tmpbuff));
    }
    
    close(fd);

    return 0;
}

2.非阻塞IO 

    能够让任务不阻塞,效率低,因为没有数据时,CPU一直空转

        程序步骤：

        主要是获得俩个任务，一个是从终端输入，另一个是从管道输入

        1.创建管道：mkfifo

        2.打开管道:  open

        3.将文件描述符的属性中加入非阻塞属性

               （1）.获得文件描述符的属性：fcntl + F_GETFL;        

                （2）.在现有的属性中加入非阻塞属性： |= O_NONBLOCK;

                （3）.将新的属性设置到文件描述符中： fcntl + F_SETFL;

        4.循环得到俩个任务的值

                （1）.从管道中读取并打印：read

                （2）.从终端获得并打印：gets

        5.关闭管道：close

详细如下

#include "head.h"

int main(void)
{
    int fd = 0;
    char tmpbuff[4096] = {0};
    int flags;
    ssize_t nsize = 0;
    char *pret = NULL;

    mkfifo("/tmp/myfifo", 0777);
    fd = open("/tmp/myfifo", O_RDONLY);
    if (-1 == fd)
    {
        perror("fail to open");
        return -1;
    }

    /* 获得fd文件描述符的属性 */
    flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);

    /* 在现有属性中加入非阻塞属性 */
    flags |= O_NONBLOCK;

    /* 将新属性设置回fd文件描述符 */
    fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags);

    flags = fcntl(0, F_GETFL);
    flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
    fcntl(0, F_SETFL, flags);

    while (1)
    {
        memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));
        nsize = read(fd, tmpbuff, sizeof(tmpbuff));
        if (nsize > 0)
        {
            printf("FIFO:%s\n", tmpbuff);
        }
        
        memset(tmpbuff, 0, sizeof(tmpbuff));
        pret = gets(tmpbuff);