【Python爬虫】Requests库网络爬虫实战

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-21 16:28:19 发布

木子欢儿

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-21 16:28:19 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/muzihuaner/article/details/107148884

版权

1.京东商品页面爬取

打开某一个京东页面

https://item.jd.com/69336974189.html

代码：

import requests
url="https://item.jd.com/69336974189.html"
try:
    r=requests.get(url)
    r.raise_for_status()
    r.encoding=r.apparent_encoding
    print(r.text[:1000])
except:
    print("爬取失败！")

2.亚马逊商品页面的爬取

打开一个亚马逊链接

>>> import requests
>>> r = requests.get("https://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B01M8L5Z3Y")
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> r.encoding
'UTF-8'
>>> r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
>>> r.text

>>> r.request.headers
{'User-Agent': 'python-requests/2.22.0', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Accept': '*/*', 'Connection': 'keep-alive'}
>>> kv ={'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0'}
>>> url = "https://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B01M8L5Z3Y"
>>> r = requests.get(url,headers = {'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0'}) #此处将浏览器端口改为'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0'
>>> r,status_code
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#22>", line 1, in <module>
    r,status_code
NameError: name 'status_code' is not defined #此处代码报错，一定要注意代码的规范书写，快找找错误在哪里
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> r.request.headers
{'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0', 'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate', 'Accept': '*/*', 'Connection': 'keep-alive'}
>>> r.text[:1000]
'\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n    <!doctype html><html class="a-no-js" data-19ax5a9jf="dingo">\n    <head>\n<script type="text/javascript">var ue_t0=ue_t0||+new Date();</script>\n<script type="text/javascript">\nwindow.ue_ihb = (window.ue_ihb || window.ueinit || 0) + 1;\nif (window.ue_ihb === 1) {\nvar ue_hob=+new Date();\nvar ue_id=\'E06HEJQW1W99HDZ0Z5H0\',\nue_csm = window,\nue_err_chan = \'jserr-rw\',\nue = {};\n(function(d){var e=d.ue=d.ue||{},f=Date.now||function(){return+new Date};e.d=function(b){return f()-(b?0:d.ue_t0)};e.stub=function(b,a){if(!b[a]){var c=[];b[a]=function(){c.push([c.slice.call(arguments),e.d(),d.ue_id])};b[a].replay=function(b){for(var a;a=c.shift();)b(a[0],a[1],a[2])};b[a].isStub=1}};e.exec=function(b,a){return function(){try{return b.apply(this,arguments)}catch(c){ueLogError(c,{attribution:a||"undefined",logLevel:"WARN"})}}}})(ue_csm);\n\nue.stub(ue,"log");ue.stub(ue,"onunload");ue.stu'
>>>

全部代码：

import requests
url = "https://www.amazon.cn/gp/product/B01M8L5Z3Y"
try:
    kv = {'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0'}
    r = requests.get(url,headers=kv)
    r.raise_for_status()
    r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    print(r.text[1000:2000])
except:
    print("爬取失败")

3，百度/360搜索关键词提交

搜索引擎关键词提交接口
百度的关键词接口：
http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=keyword

>>> import requests
>>> kv = {'wd':'Python'}
>>> r = requests.get("http://www.baidu.com/s",params=kv)
>>> r.status_code
200
>>> r.request.url
'http://www.baidu.com/s?wd=Python'
>>> len(r.text)
524221

代码：

import requests
keyword = "Python"
try:
    kv = {'wd':keyword}
    r = requests.get("http://www.baidu.com/s",params=kv)
    print(r.request.url)
    r.raise_for_status()
    print(len(r.text))
except:
    print("爬取失败")

360的关键词接口：
http://www.so.com/s?q=keyword

代码：

import requests
keyword = "Python"
try:
    kv ={'q':keyword}
    r = requests.get("http://www.so.com/s",params=kv)
    print(r.request.url)
    r.raise_for_status()
    print(r.text)
except:
    print("爬取失败")

4.网络图片的爬取和存储

网络图片链接的格式：
http://www.example.com/picture.jpg

比如：

http://image.nationalgeographic.com.cn/2017/0211/20170211061910157.jpg

import requests
import os
url = "http://image.nationalgeographic.com.cn/2017/0211/20170211061910157.jpg"
root = "D://MyProject//Python学习//爬虫学习//"
path = root + url.split('/')[-1]
try:
    if not os.path.exists(root):#判断路径是否存在
        os.mkdir(root)
    if not os.path.exists(path):#判断是否有这个文件
        r = requests.get(url)
        with open(path,'wb') as f:
            f.write(r.content)
            f.close()
            print("文件保存成功")
    else:
        print("文件已存在")
except:
    print("爬取失败")

5.IP地址归属地的自动查询

import requests
url = "http://ip.ws.126.net/ipquery?ip="
try:
    r = requests.get(url+'202.204.80.112')
    r.raise_for_status()
    r.encoding = r.apparent_encoding
    print(r.text[-500:])
except:
    print("爬取失败 ")