指向结构体类型数据的指针

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
int main()
{struct student
    {
        long num;
        char name[20];
        char sex;
        float score;
    }stu_1;
    struct student * p;
    p = &stu_1;
    stu_1.num = 800;
    strcpy(stu_1.name,"lijin");
    stu_1.sex = 'M';
    stu_1.score = 90;
    printf("No.:%ld\nname:%s\nsex:%c\nscore:%f\n",stu_1.num, stu_1.name, stu_1.sex, stu_1.score);
    printf("No.:%ld\nname:%s\nsex:%c\nscore:%f\n",(* p).num, (* p).name, (* p).sex, (* p).score);
}

结构体变量.成员名等价于(*p).num等价于p->num
用结构体变量和指向结构体的指针做函数参数
1.用结构体变量的成员作参数。用法与普通变量做参数一样。
2.用结构体做实参。传递方式在空间和时间上开销较大。而且在被调用期间改变了形参的值，就无法返回到主函数中去。
3.用指向结构体变量或数组的指针做实参，将结构体变量或数组的地址传给形参。
结构体变量做函数参数

{int num;
char name[20];
float score[3];
};

int main()
{int print(struct student);
struct student stu;
stu.num = 12345;
strcpy(stu.name,"lijin");
stu.score[0] = 80;
stu.score[1] = 81;
stu.score[2] = 82;
print(stu);
};

int print(struct student stu)
{printf(FORMAT,stu.num, stu.name, stu.score[0], stu.score[1], stu.score[2]);
printf("\n");
}

用指向结构体变量的指针做参数

#include<stdio.h>
#include<string.h>
#define FORMAT"%d\n%s\n%f\n%f\n%f\n"
struct student
{int num;
char name[20];
float score[3];
};

int main()
{int print(struct student);
struct student stu;
stu.num = 12345;
strcpy(stu.name,"lijin");
stu.score[0] = 80;
stu.score[1] = 81;
stu.score[2] = 82;
print(stu);
};

int print(struct student stu)
{printf(FORMAT,stu.num, stu.name, stu.score[0], stu.score[1], stu.score[2]);
printf("\n");
}

此函数将&stu作为实参，被调用时将地址传给形参p.