1.常量与常量的拼接结果在常量池,原理是编译期优化
public static void test1(){
String s1 = "a" + "b" +"c";
String s2 = "abc";
System.out.println(s1 == s2); // true
System.out.println(s1.equals(s2)); // true
}
下面是将字节码文件反编译后的结果,可以看到s1就是"abc"
public static void test1() {
String s1 = "abc";
String s2 = "abc";
System.out.println(s1 == s2);
System.out.println(s1.equals(s2));
}
2.常量池中不会存在相同的常量
3.只要其中一个是变量,结果就在堆中。变量拼接的原理是StringBuilder
public static void test3(){
String s1 = "a";
String s2 = "b";
String s3 = "ab";
String s4 = s1 + s2;
System.out.println(s3 == s4); // false
}
用jclassbil查看其字节码指令
0 ldc #15 <a>
2 astore_0
3 ldc #16 <b>
5 astore_1
6 ldc #17 <ab>
8 astore_2
9 new #10 <java/lang/StringBuilder>
12 dup
13 invokespecial #11 <java/lang/StringBuilder.<init>>
16 aload_0
17 invokevirtual #12 <java/lang/StringBuilder.append>
20 aload_1
21 invokevirtual #12 <java/lang/StringBuilder.append>
24 invokevirtual #13 <java/lang/StringBuilder.toString>
27 astore_3
28 getstatic #4 <java/lang/System.out>
31 aload_2
32 aload_3
33 if_acmpne 40 (+7)
36 iconst_1
37 goto 41 (+4)
40 iconst_0
41 invokevirtual #5 <java/io/PrintStream.println>
44 return
从字节码指令可以看出大概就是下面的一个过程
s1 + s2的执行细节:(变量s是我临时定义的)
stringBuilder s = new stringBuilder( );
s.append( “a”)
s.append(“b”)
s.tostring()–>约等于new string(“ab”)
但如果变量被final修饰,则不用Stringbuilder,而是跟常量一样在编译时优化
public static void test4(){
final String s1 = "a";
final String s2 = "b";
String s3 = "ab";
String s4 = s1 + s2;
System.out.println(s3 == s4); // true
}
4.如果拼接的结果调用intern()方法,则主动将常量池中还没有的字符串对象放入池中,并返回此对象的地址
public static void test2(){
String s1 = "javaEE";
String s2 = "hadoop";
String s3 = "javaEEhadoop";
String s4 = "javaEE" + "hadoop";
String s5 = s1 + "hadoop";
String s6 = "javaEE" + s2;
String s7 = s1 + s2;
System.out.println(s3 == s4); // true
System.out.println(s3 == s5); //false
System.out.println(s3 == s6); //false
System.out.println(s3 == s7); //false
System.out.println(s5 == s6); //false
System.out.println(s5 == s7); //false
System.out.println(s6 == s7); //false
//intern():判断字符串常量池中是否存在javaEEhadoop值,如果存在,则返回常量池中javaEEhadoop的地址;
//如果字符串常量池中不存在javaEEhadoop,则在常量池中加载一份javaEEhadoop,并返回此对象的地址。
String s8 = s6.intern();
System.out.println(s3 == s8); //true
}