利用JAXP方式对XML解析

一、用JAXP解析的步骤：

(1) 调用DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance()方法得到创建DOM解析器的工厂;
(2) 调用工厂对象的newDocumentBuilder方法得到DOM解析器对象;
(3) 调用DOM解析器对象的parse()方法解析XML文档，得到代表整个文档的Document对象;
(4) 进行可以利用DOM特性对整个XML文档进行操作了.

二、book.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>

<书架>
	<书>

		<书名 name=Data Structures"">数据结构（Java语言描述）</书名>
		<作者>Michael Main</作者>
		<售价>56</售价>
	</书>
	<书>
		<书名>Adroid基础教程</书名>
		<作者>Ed Burnette</作者>
		<售价>43</售价>
	</书>
</书架>

三、对XML文档进行增删改查

package cn.moving.parseXml;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class ParseXml {
	/**
	 * 使用dom方式对XML文档进行增删改查
	 * 
	 * @throws ParserConfigurationException
	 * @throws IOException
	 * @throws SAXException
	 */

	@Test
	// 读取<书名>Adroid基础教程</书名>

	public void read() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException,
			IOException {
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/cn/moving/parseXml/book.xml");
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书名");
		Node node = list.item(0);
		String content = node.getTextContent();
		System.out.println(content);

	}

	@Test
	// 得到文档中所有标签
	public void readAll() throws Exception {

		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/cn/moving/parseXml/book.xml");
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书名");
		Node root = document.getElementsByTagName("书架").item(0);
		list(root);// ??????????????
	}

	private void list(Node node) {
		if (node instanceof Element) {
			System.out.println(node.getNodeName());
		}
		NodeList list = node.getChildNodes();
		for (int i = 0; i < list.getLength(); i++) {
			Node child = list.item(i);
			list(child);

		}

	}

	@Test
	// 读取<书名 name=Data Structures"">数据结构（Java语言描述）</书名>

	public void readAttribute() throws Exception {

		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/cn/moving/parseXml/book.xml");
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("书名");
		Element element = (Element) list.item(0);
		// Element是Node的子类，所以有更多的方法
		String value = element.getAttribute("name");
		System.out.println(value);

		/*
		 * //笨办法 Node node = list.item(0); if (node.hasAttributes()) {
		 * NamedNodeMap map = node.getAttributes(); for (int i = 0; i <
		 * map.getLength(); i++) { Node nd = map.item(i); String name =
		 * nd.getNodeName(); // nd.getNodeType() String value =
		 * nd.getNodeValue(); System.out.println(name + ":" + value); } }
		 */

	}

	@Test
	// 添加节点<售价>$10</售价>
	public void add() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException,
			IOException, Exception, TransformerFactoryConfigurationError {
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/cn/moving/parseXml/book.xml");

		Element element = document.createElement("售价");
		element.setTextContent("99元");
		document.getElementsByTagName("书").item(0).appendChild(element);

		// 更新内存中数据，将内存中数据写入XML文件中
		Transformer transformer = TransformerFactory.newInstance()
				.newTransformer();
		DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
		FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(new File(
				"src/cn/moving/parseXml/outbook.xml"));
		StreamResult result = new StreamResult(fos);
		transformer.transform(source, result);
		fos.flush();
		fos.close();
	}

	@Test
	// 指定位置添加节点:给<售价>56</售价>前加<售价>100</售价>
	public void addAppoint() throws Exception {

		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/cn/moving/parseXml/book.xml");

		// 得到参考节点(书名)
		Element refNode = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("售价").item(0);
		// 创建一个新节点
		Element element = document.createElement("价格");
		//element.setNodeValue("100元");//wrong
		element.setTextContent("100元");
		//连接节点
		Element e = (Element)document.getElementsByTagName("书").item(0);
		e.appendChild(element);
		e.insertBefore(element, refNode);
		Transformer transformer  = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
		transformer.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/cn/moving/parseXml/outbook2.xml")));


	}

	@Test
	// 删除节点<售价>10</售价>
	public void delete() throws Exception {
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/cn/moving/parseXml/outbook.xml");
		Node price = document.getElementsByTagName("售价").item(0);
		price.getParentNode().removeChild(price);
		DOMSource source = new DOMSource(document);
//		StreamResult os  = new StreamResult(new File("src/cn/moving/parseXml/outbook.xml"));//true
		StreamResult os  = new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/cn/moving/parseXml/outbook.xml"));
		TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer().transform(source, os);

	}

	@Test
	// 更新售价
	public void update() throws Exception {

		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder  = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document  = builder.parse("src/cn/moving/parseXml/book.xml");
		Node bookName = document.getElementsByTagName("书").item(0).getFirstChild();
		bookName.setTextContent("Android技术开发大全");
		TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer().transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/cn/moving/parseXml/book.xml")));
		
	}
}