复数计算器 Java 正则表达式

1、 程序包含的模块
a) 用户输入
b) 输入检测
c) 字符串处理

正则表达式：（以下形式为合法输入） a+bi a-bi -a+bi -a-bi a -a bi -bi（支持浮点数）
匹配的正则表达式：[-]?\\d*\\.?\\d*[\\+|-]?\\d*\\.?\\d*i?

d) 复数计算

2、源码

package cpxnum_calculator;

import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class CpxNum {
    double _real;//实部
    double _imag;//虚部

    CpxNum() {
    }


    CpxNum(String str) {//初始化复数
        //※这里需要复制一份字符串，以免在对符号进行提取的时候损伤了原来的字符串
        String string = str;

        int indexfirst = string.indexOf("-");
        int indexlast = string.lastIndexOf("-");
        int count = Tools.fuhaocount(string);
        boolean start_fu = string.startsWith("-");//复数是否以-号开始
        boolean end_i = string.endsWith("i");//复数是否有虚部
        String strings[] = str.split("\\+|-|i");//分离实部和虚部

        if (end_i == false) {//只有实部，没有虚部  a -a
            _real = Double.parseDouble(string);
        } else {//有虚部
            if (count == 2) {//有两个符号，有实部和虚部
                if (start_fu == true) {//实部为负数 -a+bi -a-bi
                    _real = -Double.parseDouble(strings[1]);
                    if (indexlast != indexfirst) {//虚部为负数 -a-bi
                        _imag = -Double.parseDouble(strings[2]);
                    } else {//虚部为正数 -a+bi
                        _imag = Double.parseDouble(strings[2]);
                    }
                }
            } else {//一个符号，有虚部
                if (start_fu == true) {//开头为'-' -bi
                    _imag = -Double.parseDouble(strings[1]);
                } else {// a+bi a-bi bi
                    if (strings.length == 1) {//bi
                        _imag = Double.parseDouble(strings[0]);
                    } else {//a+bi a-bi
                        if (indexlast != -1) {//a-bi
                            _real = Double.parseDouble(strings[0]);
                            _imag = -Double.parseDouble(strings[1]);
                        } else {//a+bi
                            _real = Double.parseDouble(strings[0]);
                            _imag = Double.parseDouble(strings[1]);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    }

    void print() {
        //注意：此处若漏掉空格，编译器会认为是相加的数值
        System.out.println(this._real + " + " + this._imag + "i");
    }

}

class CpxCalculator {
    public CpxNum cplus(CpxNum... c) {
        CpxNum cpxNum = new CpxNum();
        for (int i = 0; i < c.length; i++) {
            cpxNum._real = cpxNum._real + c[i]._real;
            cpxNum._imag = cpxNum._imag + c[i]._imag;
        }
        System.out.print("以上" + c.length + "个复数相加的结果为：");
        cpxNum.print();
        return cpxNum;
    }

    public CpxNum cmilus(CpxNum... c) {
        CpxNum cn = new CpxNum();
        cn._real = c[0]._real;
        cn._imag = c[0]._imag;
        for (int i = 0; i < c.length - 1; i++) {
            cn._real = cn._real - c[i+1]._real;
            cn._imag = cn._imag - c[i+1]._imag;
        }
        System.out.print("以上" + c.length + "个复数相减的结果为：");
        cn.print();
        return cn;
    }


    public CpxNum cmultiply(CpxNum... c) {
        CpxNum cn = new CpxNum();
        double real = c[0]._real;
        cn._real = c[0]._real;
        cn._imag = c[0]._imag;
        for (int i = 0; i < c.length - 1; i++) {
//            这里不能连在一起算，前一步的结果会影响到后面
//            cn._real = cn._real * c[i + 1]._real - cn._imag * c[i + 1]._imag;
//            cn._imag = cn._real * c[i + 1]._imag + cn._imag * c[i + 1]._real;
            real = real * c[i + 1]._real - cn._imag * c[i + 1]._imag;
            cn._imag = cn._real * c[i + 1]._imag + cn._imag * c[i + 1]._real;

        }
        System.out.print("以上" + c.length + "个复数相乘的结果为：");
        cn._real = real;

        cn.print();
        return cn;
    }

    public CpxNum cdivide(CpxNum... c) {
        CpxNum cn = new CpxNum();
        double real = c[0]._real;
        cn._real = c[0]._real;
        cn._imag = c[0]._imag;

        for (int i = 0; i < c.length - 1; i++) {
            real = (cn._real * c[i + 1]._real + cn._imag * c[i + 1]._imag) /
                    (c[i + 1]._real * c[i + 1]._real + c[i + 1]._imag * c[i + 1]._imag);
            cn._imag = (cn._imag * c[i + 1]._real - cn._real * c[i + 1]._imag) /
                    (c[i + 1]._real * c[i + 1]._real + c[i + 1]._imag * c[i + 1]._imag);
        }
        System.out.print("以上" + c.length + "个复数相除的结果为：");
        cn._real = real;
        cn.print();
        return cn;
    }
}


class CpxNumTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);
        List<String> strlist = new LinkedList<>();
        CpxCalculator calculator = new CpxCalculator();
        int flag = 1;
        System.out.println("当输入0的时候结束输入");
        System.out.print("是否开始使用复数计算器（1/0）：");
        flag = reader.nextInt();
        if (flag == 0) {
            System.out.println("程序已停止运行");
            return;
        }
        while (flag != 0) {
            System.out.print("请输入以i为虚部符号的一个复数：");
            String inputstr = reader.next();
            while (Tools.inputtest(inputstr) == false) {//复数检测
                System.out.print("输入的复数不合格，请重新输入：");
                inputstr = reader.next();
            }
            strlist.add(inputstr);

            System.out.print("是否需要继续输入复数（1/0）：");
            flag = reader.nextInt();
            if (flag == 0) {
                System.out.println("您刚刚输入的复数为：");
                break;
            }
        }

        CpxNum[] cpxNums = new CpxNum[strlist.size()];
        //将刚刚输入的字符串生成复数对象
        for (int i = 0; i < strlist.size(); i++) {
            cpxNums[i] = new CpxNum(strlist.get(i));
            cpxNums[i].print();
        }

        calculator.cplus(cpxNums);
        calculator.cmilus(cpxNums);
        calculator.cmultiply(cpxNums);
        calculator.cdivide(cpxNums);

    }
}

3、结果