安卓：广播BroadcastReceiver的使用

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-27 18:00:46 发布

my_worldlet

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-27 18:00:46 发布

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分类专栏：广播BroadcastReceiver 安卓文章标签：安卓广播BroadcastReceiver

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/my_worldlet/article/details/48729857

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一。最简单的静态注册广播

1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类（广播的接收者）

2.在清单文件中注册广播：<receiver android:name="包名+.继承BroadcastReceiver的类的类名"></receiver>

3.主逻辑代码文件中创建一个Intent，然后发送广播： sendBroadcast(intent);

主逻辑代码文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }


   public void send(View v)
   {
	   Intent intent=new Intent(MainActivity.this,MyBroad.class);
	  
	   sendBroadcast(intent);
   }
    
}
</span>

主布局文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:onClick="send"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送广播" />

</RelativeLayout>
</span>

广播接收方：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver;

import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.DialogInterface.OnClickListener;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroad extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		Toast.makeText(context, "您有新的消息",0).show();
	}

}
</span>

清单文件中的<application></application>标签内：

</receiver> <完>

二。隐式意图实现的发送广播，并给（静态注册的）广播设置优先级

1.创建两个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，用来接收广播

2.清单文件中注册广播，并设置意图和优先级，添加动作：

3.主逻辑代码中创建Intent，设置动作，传送内容,发送广播

4.继承BroadcastReceiver的类中接收广播内容

逻辑代码文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
    public void send(View v)
    {
    	Intent intent=new Intent();
    	intent.putExtra("str","您好");
    	intent.setAction("com.wsx");
    	sendBroadcast(intent);
    }

    
}
</span>

主布局文件：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="隐式意图发送广播（附带内容和优先级）" 
        android:onClick="send"/>

</RelativeLayout>

继承 BroadcastReceiver 的类（里面内容一样，这里只写一个）：

package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class BoradReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		String str=intent.getStringExtra("str");
		Toast.makeText(context, "==000=="+str, 0).show();
		
	}

}

清单文件里<application></application>标签中：

<完>

三。动态注册广播

1.创建两个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，用来接收广播

2.主逻辑代码中，得到继承BroadcastReceiver的类的对象： BoradReceiver1 receiver1=new BoradReceiver1();

3.主逻辑代码中onCreate方法里创建意图过滤，设置动作，注册广播：

        IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("mars.wsx");
        registerReceiver(receiver1, filter);

4.主逻辑代码中，按钮事件里隐式意图发送广播

5.主逻辑代码中onStop方法里可取消广播注册： unregisterReceiver(receiver1);

主逻辑代码文件：

package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	BoradReceiver1 receiver1=new BoradReceiver1();
    BoradReceiver2 receiver2=new BoradReceiver2();
    BoradReceiver3 receiver3=new BoradReceiver3();
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //创建意图过滤
        IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction("mars.wsx");
        registerReceiver(receiver1, filter);
        registerReceiver(receiver2, filter);
        registerReceiver(receiver3, filter);
    }
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
    	super.onStop();
    	//取消广播注册
    	unregisterReceiver(receiver1);
    	unregisterReceiver(receiver2);
    	unregisterReceiver(receiver3);
    }
    public void send(View v)
    {
    	Intent intent=new Intent();
    	intent.putExtra("str","您好");
    	intent.setAction("mars.wsx");
    	sendBroadcast(intent);
    }
    
    
}

布局文件：

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="动态注册广播" 
        android:onClick="send"/>

</RelativeLayout>

继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

package com.example.day21_broadreceiver2;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class BoradReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		String str=intent.getStringExtra("str");
		Toast.makeText(context, "==000=="+str, 0).show();
		
	}

}

<完>

前3种都是发送普通广播，不能中断：sendBroadcast();

发送有序广播可以中断：sendOrderedBroadcast();

四。发送有序广播及广播截断

1.主逻辑代码文件按钮的监听事件中创建隐式Intent，设置动作，发送有序广播

2.创建3个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，都接收广播，弹出toast

3.在清单文件中注册广播，添加意图并分别设置优先级，1最高，3第二，2最低，设置动作

4.继承BroadcastReceiver的类1中写个通知，当收到广播时弹出通知

5.继承BroadcastReceiver的类3中添加一个中断广播的操作

6.写个Activity用作打开通知的详情页，取消通知

7.清单文件中注册Activity设置动作及动作的描述隐式意图时广播的注册不需要动作描述，但类不行

主逻辑代码文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        
        
    }
    public void send(View v)
    {
    	Intent intent=new Intent();
    	intent.putExtra("str","像疯了一样");
    	intent.setAction("hello.wsx");
    	sendOrderedBroadcast(intent, null);
    }
}
</span>

主布局文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

    <Button 
        android:onClick="send"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="发送有序广播" />

</RelativeLayout>
</span>

第一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;

import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat;
import android.support.v4.app.NotificationCompat.Builder;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBoradReceiver1 extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		String s=intent.getStringExtra("str");
		Toast.makeText(context,"==1111：优先级最高=="+s, 0).show();
		NotificationCompat.Builder builder=new NotificationCompat.Builder(context);
		builder.setContentTitle("来广播了");
		builder.setContentText("广播内容："+s);
		builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
		builder.setWhen(System.currentTimeMillis());
		
		Intent in=new Intent();
		in.setAction("second.com");
		PendingIntent pi=PendingIntent.getActivity(context, 1, in, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);
		builder.setContentIntent(pi);
		
		NotificationManager manager=(NotificationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
		manager.notify(1,builder.build());
					
	}

}
</span>

第二个继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBoradReceiver2 extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		String s=intent.getStringExtra("str");
		Toast.makeText(context,"==2222：优先级最低=="+s, 0).show();
		
	}

}
</span>

第三个继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBoradReceiver3 extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		String s=intent.getStringExtra("str");
		Toast.makeText(context,"==3333：优先级第二=="+s, 0).show();
		//中断广播，据优先级应是，1收到广播后，3收，最后2收，由于3发出了中断操作，即2不会收到广播
		abortBroadcast();
	}

}
</span>

第二个Activity逻辑代码文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broadreceiver4;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.NotificationManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.view.Menu;

public class SecondActivity extends Activity {

	@Override
	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.activity_second);
		NotificationManager manager=(NotificationManager) getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
		manager.cancel(1);
	}
}
</span>

第二个Activity布局文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
    tools:context=".SecondActivity" >

    <TextView
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="通知详情页" />

</RelativeLayout>
</span>

清单文件中添加：

<span style="font-size:18px;">        <receiver android:name="com.example.day21_broadreceiver4.MyBoradReceiver1" >
            <intent-filter android:priority="31" >
                <action android:name="hello.wsx" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
        <receiver android:name="com.example.day21_broadreceiver4.MyBoradReceiver2" >
            <intent-filter android:priority="2" >
                <action android:name="hello.wsx" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
        <receiver android:name="com.example.day21_broadreceiver4.MyBoradReceiver3" >
            <intent-filter android:priority="13" >
                <action android:name="hello.wsx" />
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

        <activity
            android:name="com.example.day21_broadreceiver4.SecondActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="second.com"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity></span>

<完>

以下是系统广播：

五。系统广播----拨打电话

安装APP后当拨打电话时弹出toast如下：图中黄色圈的部分

1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类，获取打电话时电话号：

Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
String num=bundle.getString(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);

2.清单文件中添加允许拨打电话的权限，然后注册广播，添加意图过滤，设置拨打电话的系统动作

权限： <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"/>

动作： <action android:name="android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL"/>

继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broad_call;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBoradReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		if(intent!=null)
		{
			Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
			String num=bundle.getString(Intent.EXTRA_PHONE_NUMBER);
			Toast.makeText(context, "拨打的电话是："+num, 1).show();
		}
		
	}

}
</span>

清单文件添加：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><receiver
            android:name="com.example.day21_broad_call.MyBoradReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <!-- 系统拨打电话的动作 -->
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.NEW_OUTGOING_CALL"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver></span>

及权限：

<span style="font-size:18px;">	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS"/>
</span>

<完>

六。系统广播----接听，挂断电话的状态

1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类

2.得到电话管理者对象，电话状态，根据状态判断

3.清单文件中添加读取电话状态的权限，注册广播，添加意图过滤，设置系统电话状态的动作

继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

package com.example.day21_broad_callstate;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		//得到电话管理者对象
		TelephonyManager manager=(TelephonyManager) context.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
		//得到电话状态
		int state=manager.getCallState();
		//得到上个Activity附带的额外数据
		Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
		//获取当前拨打电话的号码
		String num=bundle.getString(TelephonyManager.EXTRA_INCOMING_NUMBER);
		switch(state)
		{
		//挂断状态
		case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_IDLE:
			Toast.makeText(context, "挂断", 1).show();
			break;
		//接听状态
		case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_OFFHOOK:
			Toast.makeText(context, "接听", 1).show();
			break;
		//响铃状态
		case TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING:
			Toast.makeText(context, "响铃", 1).show();
			break;
		}
				
	}

}

清单文件中添加：

权限： <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>

广播的：

<完>

七。系统广播----短信

1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类

2.获得Intent附带的数据，得到收到的短信。。。。

3.清单文件中添加允许接收短信的权限，注册广播，添加意图过滤，动作为接收短信广播接收器

继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broad_smsinforation;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.telephony.SmsMessage;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		Bundle bundle=intent.getExtras();
		//得到收到的短信
		Object pduses[]=(Object[]) bundle.get("pdus");
		for (Object pdus : pduses) {
			byte pdu[]=(byte[]) pdus;
			SmsMessage sms=SmsMessage.createFromPdu(pdu);
			//得到发送短信的号码
			String num=sms.getOriginatingAddress();
			//得到短信的内容
			String body=sms.getMessageBody();
			//得到短信的时间
			long time=sms.getTimestampMillis();
			SimpleDateFormat sf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
			String t=sf.format(new Date(time));
			Toast.makeText(context, "短信来自："+num+"\n短信内容："+body+"\n时间:"+t, 1).show();
			
		}
		
		
	}

}
</span>

清单文件中添加：

<span style="font-size:18px;"><uses-permission 
	    android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
   </span>

<span style="font-size:18px;">        <receiver
            android:name="com.example.day21_broad_smsinforation.MyBroadReceiver">
            <intent-filter>
                <!-- 接收短信广播接收器 -->
                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver></span>

<完>

八。系统广播----电池电量

逻辑代码文件：

package com.example.day21_broad_battery;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	MyBroadReceiver receiver=new MyBroadReceiver();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //创建广播的意图过滤，检测电源变化
        //参数：action标记，据此检测电源变化
        IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED);
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
    
    
    }
   
}

继承 BroadcastReceiver 的类文件：

package com.example.day21_broad_battery;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		if(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED.equals(intent.getAction()))
		{
			//获取电量等级
			int level=intent.getIntExtra("level", 0);
			//获取总电量
			int total=intent.getIntExtra("scale", 0);
			//计算当前电量
			int current=(level*100)/total;
			Toast.makeText(context, "总电量："+total+"\n当前电量:"+current, 1).show();
			
		}
		
	}

}

清单文件中：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BATTERY_STATS"/>

九。系统广播----网络连接情况

逻辑代码文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broad_intenet;

import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.view.Menu;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

	MyBroadReceiver receiver=new MyBroadReceiver();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        IntentFilter filter=new IntentFilter();
        //检测网络变化的
        filter.addAction(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION);
        registerReceiver(receiver, filter);
    }
    
}
</span>

继承BroadcastReceiver的类文件：

<span style="font-size:18px;">package com.example.day21_broad_intenet;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
import android.net.NetworkInfo;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroadReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{

	@Override
	public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
		//得到网络管理者对象
		ConnectivityManager manager=(ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
		NetworkInfo info=manager.getActiveNetworkInfo();
		if(info==null)
		{
			Toast.makeText(context, "网络异常", 0).show();	
		}
		else
		{
			if(info.isConnected())
			{
				Toast.makeText(context, "网络连接正常", 0).show();	
			}
			else
			{
				Toast.makeText(context, "网络连接超时", 0).show();	
			}
		}
	}

}
</span>

清单文件中：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>

my_worldlet

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安卓：广播BroadcastReceiver的使用

一。最简单的静态注册广播1.创建一个继承BroadcastReceiver的类（广播的接收者）2.在清单文件中注册广播：3.主逻辑代码文件中创建一个Intent，然后发送广播： sendBroadcast(intent);主逻辑代码文件：package com.example.day21_broadreceiver;import android.app.
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