Hadoop文件系统 基本的文件系统命令操作, 通过hadoop fs -help可以获取所有的命令的详细帮助文件。
Java抽象类org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem定义了hadoop的一个文件系统接口。该类是一个抽象类,通过以下两种静态工厂方法可以过去FileSystem实例:
public static FileSystem.get(Configuration conf) throws IOException
public static FileSystem.get(URI uri, Configuration conf) throws IOException
具体方法实现:
1、public boolean mkdirs(Path f) throws IOException
一次性新建所有目录(包括父目录), f是完整的目录路径。
2、public FSOutputStream create(Path f) throws IOException
创建指定path对象的一个文件,返回一个用于写入数据的输出流
create()有多个重载版本,允许我们指定是否强制覆盖已有的文件、文件备份数量、写入文件缓冲区大小、文件块大小以及文件权限。
3、public boolean copyFromLocal(Path src, Path dst) throws IOException
将本地文件拷贝到文件系统
4、public boolean exists(Path f) throws IOException
检查文件或目录是否存在
5、public boolean delete(Path f, Boolean recursive)
永久性删除指定的文件或目录,如果f是一个空目录或者文件,那么recursive的值就会被忽略。只有recursive=true时,一个非空目录及其内容才会被删除。
6、FileStatus类封装了文件系统中文件和目录的元数据,包括文件长度、块大小、备份、修改时间、所有者以及权限信息。
通过"FileStatus.getPath()"可查看指定HDFS中某个目录下所有文件。
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package
hdfsTest;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileStatus;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public
class
OperatingFiles {
//initialization
static
Configuration conf = new
Configuration();
static
FileSystem hdfs;
static
{
String path = "/usr/java/hadoop-1.0.3/conf/" ;
conf.addResource( new
Path(path + "core-site.xml" ));
conf.addResource( new
Path(path + "hdfs-site.xml" ));
conf.addResource( new
Path(path + "mapred-site.xml" ));
path = "/usr/java/hbase-0.90.3/conf/" ;
conf.addResource( new
Path(path + "hbase-site.xml" ));
try
{
hdfs = FileSystem.get(conf);
} catch
(IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//create a direction
public
void
createDir(String dir) throws
IOException {
Path path = new
Path(dir);
hdfs.mkdirs(path);
System.out.println( "new dir \t"
+ conf.get( "fs.default.name" ) + dir);
}
//copy from local file to HDFS file
public
void
copyFile(String localSrc, String hdfsDst) throws
IOException{
Path src = new
Path(localSrc);
Path dst = new
Path(hdfsDst);
hdfs.copyFromLocalFile(src, dst);
//list all the files in the current direction
FileStatus files[] = hdfs.listStatus(dst);
System.out.println( "Upload to \t"
+ conf.get( "fs.default.name" ) + hdfsDst);
for
(FileStatus file : files) {
System.out.println(file.getPath());
}
}
//create a new file
public
void
createFile(String fileName, String fileContent) throws
IOException {
Path dst = new
Path(fileName);
byte [] bytes = fileContent.getBytes();
FSDataOutputStream output = hdfs.create(dst);
output.write(bytes);
System.out.println( "new file \t"
+ conf.get( "fs.default.name" ) + fileName);
}
//list all files
public
void
listFiles(String dirName) throws
IOException {
Path f = new
Path(dirName);
FileStatus[] status = hdfs.listStatus(f);
System.out.println(dirName + " has all files:" );
for
( int
i = 0 ; i< status.length; i++) {
System.out.println(status[i].getPath().toString());
}
}
//judge a file existed? and delete it!
public
void
deleteFile(String fileName) throws
IOException {
Path f = new
Path(fileName);
boolean
isExists = hdfs.exists(f);
if
(isExists) { //if exists, delete
boolean
isDel = hdfs.delete(f, true );
System.out.println(fileName + " delete? \t"
+ isDel);
} else
{
System.out.println(fileName + " exist? \t"
+ isExists);
}
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args) throws
IOException {
OperatingFiles ofs = new
OperatingFiles();
System.out.println( "\n=======create dir=======" );
String dir = "/test" ;
ofs.createDir(dir);
System.out.println( "\n=======copy file=======" );
String src = "/home/ictclas/Configure.xml" ;
ofs.copyFile(src, dir);
System.out.println( "\n=======create a file=======" );
String fileContent = "Hello, world! Just a test." ;
ofs.createFile(dir+ "/word.txt" , fileContent);
}
}
|
Using HDFS in java (0.20.0)
Below is a code sample of how to read from and write to HDFS in java.
1. Creating a configuration object: To be able to read from or write to HDFS, you need to create a Configuration object and pass configuration parameter to it using hadoop configuration files.
// Conf object will read the HDFS configuration parameters from these XML
// files. You may specify the parameters for your own if you want.
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource(new Path("/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/core-site.xml"));
conf.addResource(new Path("/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/hdfs-site.xml"));
If you do not assign the configurations to conf object (using hadoop xml file) your HDFS operation will be performed on the local file system and not on the HDFS.
2. Adding file to HDFS: Create a FileSystem object and use a file stream to add a file.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
// Check if the file already exists
Path path = new Path("/path/to/file.ext");
if (fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("File " + dest + " already exists");
return;
}
// Create a new file and write data to it.
FSDataOutputStream out = fileSystem.create(path);
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(
new File(source)));
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int numBytes = 0;
while ((numBytes = in.read(b)) > 0) {
out.write(b, 0, numBytes);
}
// Close all the file descripters
in.close();
out.close();
fileSystem.close();
3. Reading file from HDFS: Create a file stream object to a file in HDFS and read it.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new Path("/path/to/file.ext");
if (!fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("File does not exists");
return;
}
FSDataInputStream in = fileSystem.open(path);
String filename = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf('/') + 1,
file.length());
OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(
new File(filename)));
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int numBytes = 0;
while ((numBytes = in.read(b)) > 0) {
out.write(b, 0, numBytes);
}
in.close();
out.close();
fileSystem.close();
3. Deleting file from HDFS: Create a file stream object to a file in HDFS and delete it.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new Path("/path/to/file.ext");
if (!fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("File does not exists");
return;
}
// Delete file
fileSystem.delete(new Path(file), true);
fileSystem.close();
3. Create dir in HDFS: Create a file stream object to a file in HDFS and read it.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new Path(dir);
if (fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("Dir " + dir + " already not exists");
return;
}
// Create directories
fileSystem.mkdirs(path);
fileSystem.close();
Code:
1. Creating a configuration object: To be able to read from or write to HDFS, you need to create a Configuration object and pass configuration parameter to it using hadoop configuration files.
// Conf object will read the HDFS configuration parameters from these XML
// files. You may specify the parameters for your own if you want.
Configuration conf = new Configuration();
conf.addResource(new Path("/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/core-site.xml"));
conf.addResource(new Path("/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/hdfs-site.xml"));
If you do not assign the configurations to conf object (using hadoop xml file) your HDFS operation will be performed on the local file system and not on the HDFS.
2. Adding file to HDFS: Create a FileSystem object and use a file stream to add a file.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
// Check if the file already exists
Path path = new Path("/path/to/file.ext");
if (fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("File " + dest + " already exists");
return;
}
// Create a new file and write data to it.
FSDataOutputStream out = fileSystem.create(path);
InputStream in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(
new File(source)));
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int numBytes = 0;
while ((numBytes = in.read(b)) > 0) {
out.write(b, 0, numBytes);
}
// Close all the file descripters
in.close();
out.close();
fileSystem.close();
3. Reading file from HDFS: Create a file stream object to a file in HDFS and read it.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new Path("/path/to/file.ext");
if (!fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("File does not exists");
return;
}
FSDataInputStream in = fileSystem.open(path);
String filename = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf('/') + 1,
file.length());
OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(
new File(filename)));
byte[] b = new byte[1024];
int numBytes = 0;
while ((numBytes = in.read(b)) > 0) {
out.write(b, 0, numBytes);
}
in.close();
out.close();
fileSystem.close();
3. Deleting file from HDFS: Create a file stream object to a file in HDFS and delete it.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new Path("/path/to/file.ext");
if (!fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("File does not exists");
return;
}
// Delete file
fileSystem.delete(new Path(file), true);
fileSystem.close();
3. Create dir in HDFS: Create a file stream object to a file in HDFS and read it.
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new Path(dir);
if (fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println("Dir " + dir + " already not exists");
return;
}
// Create directories
fileSystem.mkdirs(path);
fileSystem.close();
Code:
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import
java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import
java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import
java.io.File;
import
java.io.FileInputStream;
import
java.io.FileOutputStream;
import
java.io.IOException;
import
java.io.InputStream;
import
java.io.OutputStream;
import
org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataInputStream;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.FSDataOutputStream;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;
import
org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;
public
class
HDFSClient {
public
HDFSClient() {
}
public
void
addFile(String source, String dest) throws
IOException {
Configuration conf = new
Configuration();
// Conf object will read the HDFS configuration parameters from these
// XML files.
conf.addResource( new
Path( "/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/core-site.xml" ));
conf.addResource( new
Path( "/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/hdfs-site.xml" ));
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
// Get the filename out of the file path
String filename = source.substring(source.lastIndexOf( '/' ) + 1 ,
source.length());
// Create the destination path including the filename.
if
(dest.charAt(dest.length() - 1 ) != '/' ) {
dest = dest + "/"
+ filename;
} else
{
dest = dest + filename;
}
// System.out.println("Adding file to " + destination);
// Check if the file already exists
Path path = new
Path(dest);
if
(fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println( "File "
+ dest + " already exists" );
return ;
}
// Create a new file and write data to it.
FSDataOutputStream out = fileSystem.create(path);
InputStream in = new
BufferedInputStream( new
FileInputStream(
new
File(source)));
byte [] b = new
byte [ 1024 ];
int
numBytes = 0 ;
while
((numBytes = in.read(b)) > 0 ) {
out.write(b, 0 , numBytes);
}
// Close all the file descripters
in.close();
out.close();
fileSystem.close();
}
public
void
readFile(String file) throws
IOException {
Configuration conf = new
Configuration();
conf.addResource( new
Path( "/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/core-site.xml" ));
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new
Path(file);
if
(!fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println( "File "
+ file + " does not exists" );
return ;
}
FSDataInputStream in = fileSystem.open(path);
String filename = file.substring(file.lastIndexOf( '/' ) + 1 ,
file.length());
OutputStream out = new
BufferedOutputStream( new
FileOutputStream(
new
File(filename)));
byte [] b = new
byte [ 1024 ];
int
numBytes = 0 ;
while
((numBytes = in.read(b)) > 0 ) {
out.write(b, 0 , numBytes);
}
in.close();
out.close();
fileSystem.close();
}
public
void
deleteFile(String file) throws
IOException {
Configuration conf = new
Configuration();
conf.addResource( new
Path( "/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/core-site.xml" ));
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new
Path(file);
if
(!fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println( "File "
+ file + " does not exists" );
return ;
}
fileSystem.delete( new
Path(file), true );
fileSystem.close();
}
public
void
mkdir(String dir) throws
IOException {
Configuration conf = new
Configuration();
conf.addResource( new
Path( "/opt/hadoop-0.20.0/conf/core-site.xml" ));
FileSystem fileSystem = FileSystem.get(conf);
Path path = new
Path(dir);
if
(fileSystem.exists(path)) {
System.out.println( "Dir "
+ dir + " already not exists" );
return ;
}
fileSystem.mkdirs(path);
fileSystem.close();
}
public
static
void
main(String[] args) throws
IOException {
if
(args.length < 1 ) {
System.out.println( "Usage: hdfsclient add/read/delete/mkdir"
+
" [<local_path> <hdfs_path>]" );
System.exit( 1 );
}
HDFSClient client = new
HDFSClient();
if
(args[ 0 ].equals( "add" )) {
if
(args.length < 3 ) {
System.out.println( "Usage: hdfsclient add <local_path> "
+
"<hdfs_path>" );
System.exit( 1 );
}
client.addFile(args[ 1 ], args[ 2 ]);
} else
if
(args[ 0 ].equals( "read" )) {
if
(args.length < 2 ) {
System.out.println( "Usage: hdfsclient read <hdfs_path>" );
System.exit( 1 );
}
client.readFile(args[ 1 ]);
} else
if
(args[ 0 ].equals( "delete" )) {
if
(args.length < 2 ) {
System.out.println( "Usage: hdfsclient delete <hdfs_path>" );
System.exit( 1 );
}
client.deleteFile(args[ 1 ]);
} else
if
(args[ 0 ].equals( "mkdir" )) {
if
(args.length < 2 ) {
System.out.println( "Usage: hdfsclient mkdir <hdfs_path>" );
System.exit( 1 );
}
client.mkdir(args[ 1 ]);
} else
{
System.out.println( "Usage: hdfsclient add/read/delete/mkdir"
+
" [<local_path> <hdfs_path>]" );
System.exit( 1 );
}
System.out.println( "Done!" );
}
}
|
from:http://smallwildpig.iteye.com/blog/1705039 Java对HDFS的操作
http://blog.rajeevsharma.in/2009/06/using-hdfs-in-java-0200.html Using HDFS in java (0.20.0)