Java Applet就是用Java语言编写的小应用程序,它们可以直接嵌入到网页中,并能够产生特殊的效果
applet经编译后,会产生.class的文件,把.class的文件嵌在html的网页中,只要用户连到一个网页里,applet便会随着网页下载到用户的计算机运行
applet类的继承关系如下:
java.lang.Object
java.awt.Component
java.awt.Container
java.awt.Panel
java.applet.Applet
applet的生命周期如下
applet的四种主要方法
public void init() : 由浏览器或appletviewer调用来告诉当前applet 它已被载入系统,该方法总在start()方法第一次被调用前调用
public void start() : 由浏览器或appletviewer调用来告诉当前applet它应该开始执行,该方法在init()方法后调用,并且每次Web页访问该applet时都会调用该方法
public void stop(): 由浏览器或appletviewer调用来告诉当前applet它应该停止执行,当包含当前applet的Web页被另一Web页所替代时会调用该方法,在调用destroy()方法前也会调用该方法
public void destroy(): 由浏览器或appletviewer调用来告诉当前applet它已被要求归还并且它应该清除分配给它的任何资源
请看下面这段代码
import java.awt.*;
import java.util.*;
public class cam1 extends java.applet.Applet
{
String s;
int inits=0,starts=0,stops=0;
public void init()
{
inits++;
showStatus("now init");
System.out.println("now init");
pause();
showStatus("leave init");
System.out.println("leave init");
pause();
}
public void start()
{
starts++;
showStatus("now start");
System.out.println("now start");
pause();
showStatus("leave start");
System.out.println("leave start");
pause();
}
public void stop()
{
stops++;
showStatus("now stop");
System.out.println("now stop");
pause();
showStatus("leave stop");
System.out.println("leave stop");
pause();
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
s="inits: "+inits+"starts: "+starts+"stops: "+stops;
g.drawString(s, 10, 10);
System.out.println("now paint: "+s);
pause();
}
public void pause()
{
Date d=new Date();
long t=d.getTime();
while(t+1000>d.getTime())
{
d=new Date();
}
}
}
小应用程序查看器如下
eclipse中的Console如下
now init
leave init
now start
leave start
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0 //缩放(放大)
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0 //缩放(缩小)
now stop //重新启动
leave stop
now init
leave init
now start
leave start
now paint: inits: 2starts: 2stops: 1
now stop
leave stop
将其嵌入到html里
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>WELCOME </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY> test
<APPLET code="cam1.class" WIDTH=750 HEIGHT=325>
</APPLET>
</BODY>
</HTML>
我用的是谷歌浏览器,网页打开如下
System.out.println的输出在java控制台中查看
之前要在java控制面板中将java控制台设置为显示
当窗口的尺寸调整,移动,或其内容改变时,paint函数重画applet窗口
控制台显示如下
Java 插件10.13.2.20
使用 JRE 版本 1.7.0_13-b20 Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM
用户主目录 = C:\Users\Administrator
----------------------------------------------------
c: 清除控制台窗口
f: 终结在结束队列上的对象
g: 垃圾收集
h: 显示此帮助消息
l: 转储类加载器列表
m: 打印内存使用情况
o: 触发日志记录
q: 隐藏控制台
r: 重新加载策略配置
s: 转储系统和部署属性
t: 转储线程列表
v: 转储线程堆栈
x: 清除类加载器高速缓存
0-5: 设置跟踪级别为<n>
----------------------------------------------------
now init
leave init
now start
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0
leave start
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0 //缩放
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0
now stop //刷新网页
leave stop
Exception in thread "thread applet-cam1.class-1" java.lang.NullPointerException
at java.awt.EventQueue.isDispatchThread(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.deploy.uitoolkit.impl.awt.AWTAppletAdapter.runOnEDT(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.deploy.uitoolkit.impl.awt.AWTAppletAdapter.doClearAppletArea(Unknown Source)
at sun.plugin2.applet.Plugin2Manager$AppletExecutionRunnable.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
now init
leave init
now start
now paint: inits: 1starts: 1stops: 0
leave start