Java net 模拟服务端和客户端

进程之间的通信：

网络通信：

模拟服务器和客户端的工作方式。

创建客户端

import javax.print.DocFlavor;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.Socket;

public class EchoClient {
    private String host = "localhost";
    private int port = 8000;
    private Socket socket;

    /**
     * 构造方法
     *
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public EchoClient() throws IOException {
        socket = new Socket(host, port);
    }

    /**
     * 获取输出流
     *
     * @param socket
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private PrintWriter getWrite(Socket socket) throws IOException {
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        return new PrintWriter(outputStream, true);
    }

    /**
     * 获取输入流
     *
     * @param socket
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private BufferedReader getReader(Socket socket) throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        return new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
    }

    /**
     * 主要方法，发送信息到客户端
     *
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public void talk() throws IOException {
        try {
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = getReader(socket);
            PrintWriter printWriter = getWrite(socket);

            //获取本地输入，缓存到buffer中
            BufferedReader localReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));


            String msg = null;
            while ((msg = localReader.readLine()) != null) {
                printWriter.println(msg);
                System.out.println(bufferedReader.readLine());
                if (msg.equals("bey")) {
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //无论如何都要执行的，关闭socket
            try {
                if (socket != null) {
                    socket.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        new EchoClient().talk();
    }
}

创建服务端

import com.sun.media.sound.SoftJitterCorrector;
import com.sun.xml.internal.ws.policy.privateutil.PolicyUtils;
import sun.awt.windows.WBufferStrategy;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.nio.Buffer;
import java.security.spec.RSAOtherPrimeInfo;

public class EchoServer {
    private int port = 8000;
    private ServerSocket serverSocket;

    /**
     * 构造方法，用来初始化服务器
     */
    public EchoServer() throws IOException {
        serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
        System.out.println("服务器启动成功！！！！");
    }

    /**
     * 输出信息，下文要使用
     * @param msg
     * @return
     */
    public String echo(String msg) {
        return "echo：" + msg;
    }

    /**
     * 获取输出流
     * @param socket
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private PrintWriter getWriter(Socket socket) throws IOException {
        OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
        return new PrintWriter(outputStream, true);
    }

    /**
     * 获取输入流
     * @param socket
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private BufferedReader getReader(Socket socket) throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
        return new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
    }

    /**
     * 主要方法，用来创建服务
     */
    public void service() {
        while (true) {
            Socket socket = null;
            try {
                socket = serverSocket.accept();
                System.out.println("新的连接：" + socket.getInetAddress() + ":" + socket.getPort());
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = getReader(socket);
                PrintWriter printWriter = getWriter(socket);

                //接受客户端信息并输出信息，如果信息为bey，则不输出并结束循环
                String msg = null;
                while ((msg = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    System.out.println(msg);
                    printWriter.println(echo(msg));
                    if (msg.equals("bey")) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } finally {
                //无论如何都要执行的，关闭socket
                try {
                    if (socket != null) {
                        socket.close();
                    }
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        new EchoServer().service();
    }

}

通信原理： 在两个机器之间建立一个流，通过写入和读取数据到流来实现通信。

源码中关键类：

• ServerSocket类。ServerSocket对象的构造方法负责将当前进程注册为服务器进程，accept监听端口，等待客户端请求。
• Socket类，流的操作，提供了两个方法，getInputStream()和getOutStream()，分别用于获取输入流和输出流。程序只需冲输入流读取数据就能实现接受数据，向输出流写数据就能发送数据。（这个流好像是单方向的，由客户端流向客户端）

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