spring boot 2

异步调用

为了让@Async注解能够生效，还需要在Spring Boot的主程序中配置 @EnableAsync

@Async
    public void doTaskOne() throws Exception {
        // 同上内容，省略
    }

异步回调

@Async
public Future<String> doTaskOne() throws Exception {
    System.out.println("开始做任务一");
    long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
    Thread.sleep(random.nextInt(10000));
    long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
    System.out.println("完成任务一，耗时：" + (end - start) + "毫秒");
    return new AsyncResult<>("任务一完成");
}

log4j

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j</artifactId>
</dependency>

创建Spring Boot工程时，我们引入了spring-boot-starter，其中包含了spring-boot-starter-logging，该依赖内容就是Spring Boot默认的日志框架Logback，所以我们在引入log4j之前，需要先排除该包的依赖，再引入log4j的依赖

Spring Boot中对log4j进行多环境不同日志级别的控制

在log4j.properties文件中，以 ${属性}替代level log4j.category.com.cn=${logging.level.com.cn}, file1
而日志级别可配置到不同环境的属性文件中
如在 application-dev.properties 配置 logging.level.com.cn=DEBUG
如在 application-test.properties 配置 logging.level.com.cn=INFO

AOP

引入

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactId>
</dependency>

spring.aop.auto属性默认是开启的，也就是说只要引入了AOP依赖后，默认已经增加了@EnableAspectJAutoProxy
而当我们需要使用CGLIB来实现AOP的时候，需要配置spring.aop.proxy-target-class=true，不然默认使用的是标准Java的实现

实现AOP的切面主要有以下几个要素：

1. 使用@Aspect注解将一个java类定义为切面类
2. 使用@Pointcut定义一个切入点，可以是一个规则表达式，比如例中某个package下的所有函数，也可以是一个注解等
3. 根据需要在切入点不同位置的切入内容
   使用@Before在切入点开始处切入内容
   使用@After在切入点结尾处切入内容
   使用@AfterReturning在切入点return内容之后切入内容（可以用来对处理返回值做一些加工处理）
   使用@Around在切入点前后切入内容，并自己控制何时执行切入点自身的内容
   使用@AfterThrowing用来处理当切入内容部分抛出异常之后的处理逻辑

@Aspect
@Component
public class WebLogAspect {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(WebLogAspect.class);

    @Pointcut("execution(public * com.hujha.spring.boot.demo1.web..*.*(..))")
    public void webLog(){}

    @Before("webLog()")
    public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Throwable {
        // 接收到请求，记录请求内容
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
        // 记录下请求内容
        logger.info("URL : " + request.getRequestURL().toString());
        logger.info("HTTP_METHOD : " + request.getMethod());
        logger.info("IP : " + request.getRemoteAddr());
        logger.info("CLASS_METHOD : " + joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName() + "." + joinPoint.getSignature().getName());
        logger.info("ARGS : " + Arrays.toString(joinPoint.getArgs()));
    }


    @AfterReturning(returning = "ret", pointcut = "webLog()")
    public void doAfterReturning(Object ret) throws Throwable {
        // 处理完请求，返回内容
        logger.info("RESPONSE : " + ret);
    }
}

@Order(i) 设置优先级
i的值越小，优先级越高

邮件支持

spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.username=999
spring.mail.password=999
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.starttls.required=true

package com.hujha.spring.boot.demo1;

import java.io.File;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import org.apache.commons.collections.map.HashedMap;
import org.apache.velocity.app.VelocityEngine;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.ui.velocity.VelocityEngineUtils;

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = StudBoot1Application.class)
public class ApplicationTests {

    @Autowired
    private JavaMailSender mailSender;

    @Autowired  
    VelocityEngine velocityEngine;

    @Test
    public void sendSimpleMail() throws Exception {
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        message.setFrom("2323@qq.com");
        message.setTo("2323@chanjet.com");
        message.setSubject("主题：简单邮件");
        message.setText("测试邮件内容");
        mailSender.send(message);
    }


    @Test
    public void sendAttachmentsMail() throws Exception {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
        helper.setFrom("2323@qq.com");
        helper.setTo("2323@qq.com");
        helper.setSubject("主题：有附件");
        helper.setText("有附件的邮件");
        FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("weixin.jpg"));
        helper.addAttachment("附件-1.jpg", file);
        helper.addAttachment("附件-2.jpg", file);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }


    @Test
    public void sendInlineMail() throws Exception {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
        helper.setFrom("232@qq.com");
        helper.setTo("23@qq.com");
        helper.setSubject("主题：嵌入静态资源");
        helper.setText("<html><body><img src=\"cid:weixin\" ></body></html>", true);
        FileSystemResource file = new FileSystemResource(new File("weixin.jpg"));
        helper.addInline("weixin", file);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }


    @Test
    public void sendTemplateMail() throws Exception {
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);
        helper.setFrom("223@qq.com");
        helper.setTo("23@qq.com");
        helper.setSubject("主题：模板邮件");
        Map<String, Object> model = new HashedMap();
        model.put("username", "didi");
        String text = VelocityEngineUtils.mergeTemplateIntoString(
                velocityEngine, "template.vm", "UTF-8", model);
        helper.setText(text, true);
        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);
    }
}

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-velocity</artifactId>
    <version>1.4.7.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

模板template.vm：

<html>
<body>
    <h3>你好， ${username}, 这是一封模板邮件!</h3>
</body>
</html>

事务

在声明事务时，只需要通过value属性指定配置的事务管理器名即可，例如：@Transactional(value=”transactionManagerPrimary”)。

除了指定不同的事务管理器之后，还能对事务进行隔离级别和传播行为的控制，下面分别详细解释：

@Transactional(isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT)
@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED)