1.SpringBoot默认采用整合Spring Data的方式进行统一处理,添加大量自动配置,屏蔽了很多设置。引入各种xxxTemplate、xxxRepository来简化我们对数据访问层的操作。对我们来说只需要进行简单的设置即可。
SpringBoot只要有starter就会有相应的xxxAutoConfigration,例如:MybatisAutoConfiguration
1、JDBC
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
spring:
datasource:
username: root
password: root
url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/dubbo_lianxi?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
@Test
public void contextLoads() throws SQLException {
System.out.println(dataSource.getClass());//输出数据源名称
Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
System.out.println(connection);//输入数据源连接
connection.close();
}
JDBC效果:
默认是用org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource作为数据源;
数据源的相关配置都在DataSourceProperties类里面;
springBoot自动配置数据源的原理(读源码DataSourceConfiguration):
类所在的包:org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc:
1、参考DataSourceConfiguration,根据配置创建数据源,默认使用Tomcat连接池;可以使用
spring.datasource.type指定自定义的数据源类型;
2、SpringBoot默认可以支持;
org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource、HikariDataSource、BasicDataSource、
3、springboot自定义数据源类型(DataSourceConfiguration类的这个Generic内部类)
/**
* Generic DataSource configuration.
*/
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(DataSource.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.datasource.type")
static class Generic {
@Bean
public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
//使用DataSourceBuilder创建数据源,利用反射创建响应type的数据源,并且绑定相关属性
return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
}
}
4、DataSourceInitializer(此类主要是在项目启动时执行xxx.sql文件):ApplicationListener;
作用:
1)、runSchemaScripts();运行建表语句;
2)、runDataScripts();运行插入数据的sql语句;
默认只需要将文件命名为:
schema-*.sql、data-*.sql
默认规则:schema.sql,schema-all.sql;
可以使用
schema:
- classpath:department.sql
指定位置
5、操作数据库:自动配置了JdbcTemplate操作数据库
@Autowired
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
@GetMapping("/getUser")
@ResponseBody
public Map<String,Object> getUser(){
List<Map<String, Object>> maps = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("SELECT * FROM USER ");
return maps.get(0);
}
2、整合Druid数据源
<druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
package com.jdbc.conf;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Created by Administrator on 2018/12/29.
*/
@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource") //把properties文件里面前缀为spring.datasource的属性值赋值给DruidDataSource类里面的属性
@Bean
public DataSource druid(){//注册dataSource为bean
return new DruidDataSource();
}
//配置Druid监控
//配置一个管理后台的Servlet
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){//localhost:8080/druid
ServletRegistrationBean servletRegistrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");//处理druid下的所有请求
Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
/**
* 参数来自StatViewServlet的父类
*/
initParams.put("loginUsername","root");
initParams.put("loginPassword","root");
initParams.put("allow","");//默认允许所有访问
initParams.put("deny","169.254.163.36");//禁止本机IP访问
servletRegistrationBean.setInitParameters(initParams);
return servletRegistrationBean;
}
//配置一个web监控的filter
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
filterRegistrationBean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());
Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");//这些内容不过滤
filterRegistrationBean.setInitParameters(initParams);
filterRegistrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));
return filterRegistrationBean;
}
}
server.port=8083
# 数据库访问配置
#配置自定义访问的数据源DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/dubbo_lianxi?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
# 下面为连接池的补充设置,应用到上面所有数据源中
spring.datasource.initialSize=5
spring.datasource.minIdle=5
spring.datasource.maxActive=20
# 配置获取连接等待超时的时间
spring.datasource.maxWait=60000
# 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒
spring.datasource.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
# 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒
spring.datasource.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
spring.datasource.validationQuery=SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
spring.datasource.testWhileIdle=true
spring.datasource.testOnBorrow=false
spring.datasource.testOnReturn=false
# 配置监控统计拦截的filters,去掉后监控界面sql无法统计,'wall'用于防火墙
spring.datasource.filters=stat,wall,log4j
spring.datasource.logSlowSql=true