PHP获取对象属性的三种方法实例分析

今天查看yii源码，发现yii\base\Model中的attribute()方法是通过反射获取对象的public non-static属性。记得以前看到的代码都是用get_object_vars()这个函数获取的，昨天查看php文档，发现还可以用foreach遍历对象属性。于是写个例子练习下。

class TestClass {
  private $a;
  protected $b;
  public $c;
  public $d;
  public static $e;
  private function funcA() {
  }
  protected function funcB() {
  }
  public function funcC() {
  }
  public function getPropertyMethodOne() {
    echo "[get_object_vars]", PHP_EOL;
    $vars = get_object_vars($this);
    foreach ($vars as $k => $v) {
      echo $k, ' => ', $v, PHP_EOL;
    }
  }
  public function getPropertyMethodTwo() {
    echo "[foreach object]", PHP_EOL;
    foreach ($this as $k => $v) {
      echo $k, ' => ', $v, PHP_EOL;
    }
  }
  public function getPropertyMethodThree() {
    echo "[reflection]", PHP_EOL;
    $class = new ReflectionClass($this);
    foreach ($class->getProperties(ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC) as $property) {
      if (!$property->isStatic()) {
        echo $property->getName(), ' => ', $property->getValue($this), PHP_EOL;
      }
    }
  }
}

测试代码一

$obj = new TestClass();
echo "[get_object_vars]", PHP_EOL;
$vars = get_object_vars($obj);
foreach ($vars as $k => $v) {
  echo $k, ' => ', $v, PHP_EOL;
}
echo "[foreach object]", PHP_EOL;
foreach ($obj as $k => $v) {
  echo $k, ' => ', $v, PHP_EOL;
}
echo "[reflection]", PHP_EOL;
$class = new ReflectionClass($obj);
foreach ($class->getProperties(ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC) as $property) {
  if (!$property->isStatic()) {
    echo $property->getName(), ' => ', $property->getValue($obj), PHP_EOL;
  }
}

输出：

[get_object_vars]
c =>
d =>
[foreach object]
c =>
d =>
[reflection]
c =>
d =>

可见，当着三种方法用在类的外部时，结果是一样的。get_object_vars()和foreach是获取到的是对象的public non-static属性，而通过反射的话则需要手动筛选出public non-static属性。

测试代码二

$obj = new TestClass();
$obj->getPropertyMethodOne();
$obj->getPropertyMethodTwo();
$obj->getPropertyMethodThree();

输出

[get_object_vars]
a =>
b =>
c =>
d =>
[foreach object]
a =>
b =>
c =>
d =>
[reflection]
c =>
d =>

可见，get_object_vars()和foreach用在类内部时，private、protected、public的实例属性都能获取到。反射就不用说了，通过手动筛选，各种类型的属性都能获取到。