http请求常用工具方法

        这里整理了一个http的get请求和post请求的工具类，和使用方法，做个记录，以防日后忘记。

        话不多说，直接上代码：

工具类：

package utils;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;

import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ConnectException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class HttpRequest {
    /**
     * 向指定URL发送GET方法的请求
     * @param url
     *            发送请求的URL
     * @param param
     *            请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
     * @return URL 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public static String sendGet(String url, String param) {
        String result = "";
        BufferedReader in = null;
        try {
            String urlNameString = url + "?" + param;
            System.out.println(urlNameString);
            URL realUrl = new URL(urlNameString);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection connection = realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            connection.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            connection.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            // 建立实际的连接
            connection.connect();
            // 获取所有响应头字段
            Map<String, List<String>> map = connection.getHeaderFields();
            // 遍历所有的响应头字段
            for (String key : map.keySet()) {
                System.out.println(key + "--->" + map.get(key));
            }
            // 定义 BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream()));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送GET请求出现异常！" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 使用finally块来关闭输入流
        finally {
            try {
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception e2) {
                e2.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 向指定 URL 发送POST方法的请求
     *
     * @param url
     *            发送请求的 URL
     * @param param
     *            请求参数,请求参数应该是 name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
     * @return 所代表远程资源的响应结果
     */
    public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
        PrintWriter out = null;
        BufferedReader in = null;
        String result = "";
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
            // 打开和URL之间的连接
            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
            // 设置通用的请求属性
            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
            conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1;SV1)");
            //设置头信息
            conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
            // 发送POST请求必须设置如下两行
            conn.setDoOutput(true);
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            // 获取URLConnection对象对应的输出流
            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            // 发送请求参数
            out.print(param);
            // flush输出流的缓冲
            out.flush();
            // 定义BufferedReader输入流来读取URL的响应
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
            String line;
            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                result += line;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("发送 POST 请求出现异常！" + e);
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        // 使用finally块来关闭输出流、输入流
        finally {
            try {
                if (out != null) {
                    out.close();
                }
                if (in != null) {
                    in.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                ex.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * post/GET远程请求接口并得到返回结果
     *
     * @param requestUrl 请求地址
     * @param requestMethod 请求方法post/GET
     * @return
     */
    public static JSONObject httpRequest(String requestUrl, String requestMethod, String outputStr,String contentType) {
        JSONObject jsonObject = null;
        StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
        try {

            URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
            HttpURLConnection httpUrlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
            httpUrlConn.setDoOutput(true);
            httpUrlConn.setDoInput(true);
            httpUrlConn.setUseCaches(false);
            // 设置请求方式（GET/POST）
            httpUrlConn.setRequestMethod(requestMethod);
            //设置头信息
//            httpUrlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
            httpUrlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",contentType);
            httpUrlConn.setRequestProperty("Accept","application/json;charset=UTF-8");
            // 设置连接主机服务器的超时时间：15000毫秒
            httpUrlConn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
            // 设置读取远程返回的数据时间：60000毫秒
            httpUrlConn.setReadTimeout(60000);
            if ("GET".equalsIgnoreCase(requestMethod)){
                httpUrlConn.connect();
            }
            // 当有数据需要提交时
            if (null != outputStr) {
                OutputStream outputStream = httpUrlConn.getOutputStream();
                // 注意编码格式，防止中文乱码
                outputStream.write(outputStr.getBytes("UTF-8"));
                outputStream.close();
            }

            // 将返回的输入流转换成字符串
            InputStream inputStream = httpUrlConn.getInputStream();
            InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream, "utf-8");
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);

            String str = null;
            while ((str = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                buffer.append(str);
            }
            bufferedReader.close();
            inputStreamReader.close();
            // 释放资源
            inputStream.close();
            inputStream = null;
            httpUrlConn.disconnect();
            jsonObject = JSONObject.parseObject(buffer.toString());
        } catch (ConnectException ce) {
        } catch (Exception e) {
        }
        return jsonObject;
    }

}

调用工具类：

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getGPT",produces = {"application/text;charset=UTF-8"})
    public JSON getGPT() throws IOException {
        String requestMethod = "POST";
        String body = URLEncoder.encode("junshi","UTF-8");//设置要传的信息
        //String url = "https://localhost/api/v1/message/rescue?first=1&keyword1=1&keyword2=2&keyword3=3&keyword4=4&keyword5=5&remark=1";//get请求时格式
        String url = "http://v.juhe.cn/toutiao/index";//post请求时格式
        //测试：访问聚合数据的地区新闻api
        String outputStr = "key=0b3ce1c6f00e322ef4e016675ad5cb2a&type="+body;//post请求时使用outputStr参数
        JSON json = HttpRequest.httpRequest(url,requestMethod,outputStr,"application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8");
        System.out.println(json);
        return json;
    }