本文章学习内容参照 《轻量级Java EE 企业应用实战(第4版)》,
jdk使用jdk8,
Tomcat使用apache-tomcat-8.0.20,
Eclipse使用eclipse-jee-luna-SR2-win32,
数据库使用MySql5.5
一、Hibernate下载和安装
1.登录
http://hibernate.org/orm/站点,即可下载Hibernate最新版本。
2.解压文件,得到一个 名为 hibernate-release-x.x.x.Final的文件夹,x.x.x为版本号。我使用的是Hibernate4.2.8版本
3.将文件夹lib下的required子目录下的所以JAR包添加到项目中,可以直接复制粘贴,也可以通过自定义Library引用
二、Hibernate的数据库操作
项目布局:
配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 指定连接数据库所用的驱动 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的url,其中hibernate是本应用连接的数据库名 -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的用户名 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的密码 -->
<property name="connection.password">root</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最大连接数 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最小连接数 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">1</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里连接的超时时长 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">5000</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最大缓存多少个Statement对象 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">100</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.validate">true</property>
<!-- 指定数据库方言 -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
<!-- 根据需要自动创建数据表 -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property><!--①-->
<!-- 显示Hibernate持久化操作所生成的SQL -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 将SQL脚本进行格式化后再输出 -->
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">false</property>
<!-- 罗列所有持久化类的类名 -->
<mapping class="com.test.domain.User"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
domain类,使用注解方式为其增加持久化操作能力,主键使用uuid方式生成。
/*
* User.java Created On 2015年4月25日
* Copyright(c) 2014 BroadText Inc.
* ALL Rights Reserved.
*/
package com.test.domain;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;
/**
* User
*
* @time: 下午12:24:02
* @author mazan
*/
@Entity
@Table(name="user")
public class User {
@Id
@GenericGenerator(name="myUUID",strategy="uuid")
@GeneratedValue(generator="myUUID")
private String id;
private String username;
private String truename;
private String password;
private int age;
private Date birthday;
public String getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getTruename() {
return truename;
}
public void setTruename(String truename) {
this.truename = truename;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", truename="
+ truename + ", password=" + password + ", age=" + age
+ ", birthday=" + birthday + "]";
}
}
UserManager.java
/*
* NewsManager.java Created On 2015年4月25日
* Copyright(c) 2014 BroadText Inc.
* ALL Rights Reserved.
*/
package com.test.manager;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
import com.test.domain.User;
/**
* UserManager
*
* @time: 下午12:24:02
* @author mazan
*/
public class UserManager {
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
// 实例化 Configuration
// 不带参数的configure()方法默认加载hibernate.cfg.xml文件,
// 如果传入abc.xml作为参数,则不再加载hibernate.cfg.xml,改为加载abc.xml
Configuration conf = new Configuration().configure();
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
.applySettings(conf.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
//以Configuration实例创建SessionFactory
SessionFactory sf = conf.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
//创建session
Session session = sf.openSession();
//开始事务
Transaction tx = session.beginTransaction();
//创建消息对象
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("admin");
user.setPassword("123456");
user.setTruename("系统管理员");
user.setAge(25);
SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");//小写的mm表示的是分钟
String dstr="1990-1-1";
Date birthday=sdf.parse(dstr);
user.setBirthday(birthday);
//保存消息
session.save(user);
//提交事务
tx.commit();
//关闭Session
session.close();
sf.close();
}
}
以上就是hibernate的插入数据库记录的操作。
为了方便使用SessionFactory,通常会用一个util来生成
/*
* Hibernate4Util.java Created On 2015年3月18日
* Copyright(c) 2014 BroadText Inc.
* ALL Rights Reserved.
*/
package persistence;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistryBuilder;
/**
* Hibernate4Util
*
* @time: 下午11:38:27
* @author mazan
*/
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public class Hibernate4Util {
private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
//hibernate4 取sessionFactory方式
static{
System.out.println("Hibernate4Util static start......");
try {
Configuration conf = new Configuration().configure();
ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new ServiceRegistryBuilder()
.applySettings(conf.getProperties()).buildServiceRegistry();
sessionFactory = conf.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry);
} catch (Exception ex) {
// TODO: handle exception
throw new RuntimeException("Exception building SessionFactory: "
+ ex.getMessage(), ex);
}
}
/**
* 开启session
* @return
*/
public static Session currentSession(){
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
return session;
}
/**
* 关闭session
*/
public static void closeSession(Session session){
if(null!=session){
session.close();
}
}
}