ACE（自适应对比对增强）的分析与改进

该方法的基本思想是将图像分成两部分：低频和高频两部分，增强高频部分，再合成。达到锐度增强的效果。一般在Y通道进行。

局部低频部分：lowFre = blur(srcY, r)//局部滤波

局部高频部分：highFre = srcY - lowFre

局部标准差：  localStd^2 = blur(highFre*highFre, r)

全局均值和标准差：Gmean

自适应高频增强因子：c = a * Gmean / localStd,其中a =[0,1]

计算低频和高频的合成：srcY' = lowFre + c * highFre

最后转换并合成三通道

程序如下：

bool adaptContrastEnhancement(Mat& src, Mat& dst, int r, int maxCg)
{
	if (!src.data)  //判断图像是否被正确读取；
	{
		cerr << "自适应对比度增强函数读入图片有误";
		return false;
	}

	//Mat ycc;                        //转换空间到YCrCb；
	//cvtColor(scr, ycc, COLOR_RGB2YCrCb);

	//vector<Mat> channels(3);        //分离通道；
	//split(ycc, channels);


	Mat localMeansMatrix(src.rows, src.cols, CV_8UC1);
	Mat localVarianceMatrix(src.rows, src.cols, CV_8UC1);
	Mat highFre(src.rows, src.cols, CV_8UC1);
	//Mat highFreMul(src.rows, src.cols, CV_8UC1, Scalar::all(10));

	boxFilter(src, localMeansMatrix, CV_8UC1, Size(r, r));//low fre
	highFre = src - localMeansMatrix;//heigh fre

	//highFre = highFre.mul(highFreMul);
	imshow("low fre", localMeansMatrix);
	imshow("high fre", highFre);
	
	//imshow("blur high fre", highFre);

	localVarianceMatrix = highFre.mul(highFre);

	localMeansMatrix.convertTo(localMeansMatrix, CV_32F);
	localVarianceMatrix.convertTo(localVarianceMatrix, CV_32F);

	boxFilter(localVarianceMatrix, localVarianceMatrix, CV_32FC1, Size(r, r));//  var , e((r-e(r))*(r-e(r)))

	for (int i = 0; i < localVarianceMatrix.rows; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < localVarianceMatrix.cols; j++)
		{
			localVarianceMatrix.at<float>(i, j) = (float)sqrt(localVarianceMatrix.at<float>(i, j));//std
		}
	}

	Mat temp = src.clone();

	Scalar  mean;
	Scalar  dev;
	meanStdDev(temp, mean, dev);//global mean std

	float meansGlobal = mean.val[0];
	Mat enhanceMatrix(src.rows, src.cols, CV_8UC1);

	for (int i = 0; i < src.rows; i++)            //遍历，对每个点进行自适应调节
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < src.cols; j++)
		{
			if (localVarianceMatrix.at<float>(i, j) >= 0.01)
			{
				float cg = 0.5 * meansGlobal / localVarianceMatrix.at<float>(i, j);//0.5
				float cgs = cg > maxCg ? maxCg : cg;
				cgs = cgs < 1 ? 1 : cgs;

				int e = localMeansMatrix.at<float>(i, j) + cgs * (temp.at<uchar>(i, j) - localMeansMatrix.at<float>(i, j));
				if (e > 255) 
				{ 
					e = 255;
				}
				else if (e < 0) 
				{
					e = 0; 
				}
				enhanceMatrix.at<uchar>(i, j) = e;
			}
			else
			{
				enhanceMatrix.at<uchar>(i, j) = temp.at<uchar>(i, j);
			}
		}

	}
	dst = enhanceMatrix;
}

Y通道低频部分和高频部分（为了可视化，高频幅值被放大了）分别如下：

 

但是存在一个问题，因为噪声也属于高频，所以噪声也会被增强，所以效果看上去并不是很好，所以再加上一个时域去燥，去除高频噪声。这个是改进的地方。效果：增强前后对比如下：