代理模式
代理模式作为23种经典设计模式之一,其比较官方的定义为“为其他对象提供一种代理以控制对这个对象的访问”,简单点说就是,之前A类自己做一件事,在使用代理之后,A类不直接去做,而是由A类的代理类B来去做。代理类其实是在之前类的基础上做了一层封装。java中有静态代理、JDK动态代理、CGLib动态代理的方式。静态代理指的是代理类是在编译期就存在的,相反动态代理则是在程序运行期动态生成的
静态代理 & 动态代理
1 静态代理
一个接口,两个实现类,代理实现类组合真实实现类
2 动态代理
JDK动态代理和CGlib字节码动态代理
简单转账功能
新建Maven项目名为“spring-aop“
准备数据
# 删除spring_aop数据库
drop database if exists spring_aop;
# 创建spring_aop数据库
create database spring_aop;
# 使用spring_aop数据库
use spring_aop;
# 创建account表
create table account (
id int(11) auto_increment primary key,
accountNum varchar(20) default NULL,
money int(8) default 0
);
# 新增数据
insert into account (accountNum, money) values
("622200001",1000),("622200002",1000);
导包
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-test -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.2.13.RELEASE</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-dbutils/commons-dbutils -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
<version>1.7</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.23</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.2</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
https://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
">
<!-- bean definitions here -->
<context:component-scan base-package="dao"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="services"/>
<context:component-scan base-package="utils"/>
</beans>
代码编写
package utils;
@Component
public class ConnectionUtils {
private ThreadLocal<Connection> tl = new ThreadLocal<Connection>();
@Autowired
private ComboPooledDataSource dataSource;
/**
* 获得当前线程绑定的连接
*
* @return
*/
public Connection getThreadConnection() {
try {
// 看线程是否绑了连接
Connection conn = tl.get();
if (conn == null) {
// 从数据源获取一个连接
conn = dataSource.getConnection();
// 和线程局部变量 绑定
tl.set(conn);
}
// 返回线程连接
return tl.get();
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 把连接和当前线程进行解绑
*/
public void remove() {
tl.remove();
}
}
Account模块实体类:Account.java
package entity;
public class Account {
private Integer id;
private String accountNum;
private Integer money;
// 省略getter&setter方法
}
Account模块Dao层:AccountDao.java
package dao;
public interface AccountDao {
/**
* 更新
*
* @param account
*/
void updateAccount(Account account);
/**
* 根据编号查询账户
*
* @param accountNum
* @return 如果没有结果就返回null,如果结果集超过一个就抛异常,如果有唯一的一个结果就返回
*/
Account findAccountByNum(String accountNum);
}
Account模块Dao层实现类:AccountDaoImpl.java
package dao.impl;
@Repository("accountDao")
public class AccountDaoImpl implements AccountDao {
// 数据库查询工具类
@Autowired
private QueryRunner runner;
// 数据库连接工具类
@Autowired
private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
/**
* 更新
*
* @param account
*/
public void updateAccount(Account account) {
try {
runner.update(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),
"update account set accountNum=?,money=? where id=?",
account.getAccountNum(), account.getMoney(), account.getId());
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 根据编号查询账户
*
* @param accountNum
* @return 如果没有结果就返回null,如果结果集超过一个就抛异常,如果有唯一的一个结果就返回
*/
public Account findAccountByNum(String accountNum) {
List<Account> accounts = null;
try {
accounts = runner.query(connectionUtils.getThreadConnection(),
"select * from account where accountNum = ? ",
new BeanListHandler<Account>(Account.class),
accountNum);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
if (accounts == null || accounts.size() == 0) {
// 如果没有结果就返回null
return null;
} else if (accounts.size() > 1) {
// 如果结果集超过一个就抛异常
throw new RuntimeException("结果集不唯一,数据有问题");
} else {
// 如果有唯一的一个结果就返回
return accounts.get(0);
}
}
}
Account模块Service层:AccountService.java
package services;
public interface AccountService {
/**
* 转账
*
* @param sourceAccount 转出账户
* @param targetAccount 转入账户
* @param money 转账金额
*/
void transfer(String sourceAccount, String targetAccount, Integer money);
}
Account模块Service层实现类:AccountServiceImpl.java
package services.impl;
@Service("accountService")
public class AccountServiceImpl implements AccountService {
@Autowired
private AccountDao accountDao;
/**
* 转账
*
* @param sourceAccount 转出账户
* @param targetAccount 转入账户
* @param money 转账金额
*/
public void transfer(String sourceAccount, String targetAccount, Integer money) {
// 查询原始账户
Account source = accountDao.findAccountByNum(sourceAccount);
// 查询目标账户
Account target = accountDao.findAccountByNum(targetAccount);
// 原始账号减钱
source.setMoney(source.getMoney() - money);
// 目标账号加钱
target.setMoney(target.getMoney() + money);
// 更新原始账号
accountDao.updateAccount(source);
// 更新目标账号
accountDao.updateAccount(target);
System.out.println("转账完毕");
}
}
Account模块测试类:AccountTest.java
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class AccountTest {
@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;
@Test
public void testTransfer() {
accountService.transfer("622200001", "622200002", 100);
}
}
引入AOP(XML)
代码实现
删除事务代理工具类:TransactionProxyUtils.java
导入aspectjweaver包
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.3</version>
</dependency>
配置文件中添加 AOP 的相关配置
<!-- aop相关的节点配置 -->
<aop:config>
<!-- 切入点 表示哪些类的哪些方法在执行的时候会应用Spring配置的通知进行增强 -->
<aop:pointcut expression="execution ( * services.*.*(..))" id="pc"/>
<!-- 配置切面类的节点 作用主要就是整合通知和切入点 -->
<aop:aspect ref="transactionManager">
<aop:before method="beginTransaction" pointcut-ref="pc"/>
<aop:after-returning method="commit" pointcut-ref="pc"/>
<aop:after method="release" pointcut-ref="pc"/>
<aop:after-throwing method="rollback" pointcut-ref="pc"/>
</aop:aspect>
</aop:config>
修改测试类代码
XML改注解(AOP)
代码实现
删除XML中的AOPXML配置并注解代理模式
<!-- 注解 开启代理模式 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy>
注释事务管理器类:TransactionManager.java
package transaction;
@Component
@Aspect
public class TransactionManager {
// 数据库连接工具类
@Autowired
private ConnectionUtils connectionUtils;
@Pointcut("execution(* services.*.*(..))")
private void transactionPointcut() {
}
/**
* 开启事务
*/
@Before("transactionPointcut()")
public void beginTransaction() {
try {
System.out.println("开启事务");
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().setAutoCommit(false);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 提交事务
*/
@AfterReturning("transactionPointcut()")
public void commit() {
try {
System.out.println("提交事务");
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().commit();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 回滚事务
*/
@AfterThrowing("transactionPointcut()")
public void rollback() {
try {
System.out.println("回滚事务");
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().rollback();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 释放连接
*/
@After("transactionPointcut()")
public void release() {
try {
System.out.println("释放连接");
connectionUtils.getThreadConnection().close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
connectionUtils.removeConnection();
}
}
执行结果