EF Core事务提交,分布式事务

控制事务

可以使用 DbContext.Database API 开始、提交和回滚事务。 以下示例显示了在单个事务中执行的两个 SaveChanges 操作以及一个 LINQ 查询：

using var context = new BloggingContext();
using var transaction = context.Database.BeginTransaction();

try
{
    context.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Url = "http://blogs.msdn.com/dotnet" });
    context.SaveChanges();

    context.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Url = "http://blogs.msdn.com/visualstudio" });
    context.SaveChanges();

    var blogs = context.Blogs
        .OrderBy(b => b.Url)
        .ToList();

    // Commit transaction if all commands succeed, transaction will auto-rollback
    // when disposed if either commands fails
    transaction.Commit();
}
catch (Exception)
{
    // TODO: Handle failure
}

虽然所有关系数据库提供程序都支持事务，但在调用事务 API 时，可能会引发其他提供程序类型或不执行任何操作。

使用 System.Transactions

如果需要跨较大作用域进行协调，则可以使用环境事务。

using (var scope = new TransactionScope(
    TransactionScopeOption.Required,
    new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted }))
{
    using var connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
    connection.Open();

    try
    {
        // Run raw ADO.NET command in the transaction
        var command = connection.CreateCommand();
        command.CommandText = "DELETE FROM dbo.Blogs";
        command.ExecuteNonQuery();

        // Run an EF Core command in the transaction
        var options = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<BloggingContext>()
            .UseSqlServer(connection)
            .Options;

        using (var context = new BloggingContext(options))
        {
            context.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Url = "http://blogs.msdn.com/dotnet" });
            context.SaveChanges();
        }

        // Commit transaction if all commands succeed, transaction will auto-rollback
        // when disposed if either commands fails
        scope.Complete();
    }
    catch (Exception)
    {
        // TODO: Handle failure
    }
}

还可以在显式事务中登记。

using (var transaction = new CommittableTransaction(
    new TransactionOptions { IsolationLevel = IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted }))
{
    var connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString);

    try
    {
        var options = new DbContextOptionsBuilder<BloggingContext>()
            .UseSqlServer(connection)
            .Options;

        using (var context = new BloggingContext(options))
        {
            context.Database.OpenConnection();
            context.Database.EnlistTransaction(transaction);

            // Run raw ADO.NET command in the transaction
            var command = connection.CreateCommand();
            command.CommandText = "DELETE FROM dbo.Blogs";
            command.ExecuteNonQuery();

            // Run an EF Core command in the transaction
            context.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Url = "http://blogs.msdn.com/dotnet" });
            context.SaveChanges();
            context.Database.CloseConnection();
        }

        // Commit transaction if all commands succeed, transaction will auto-rollback
        // when disposed if either commands fails
        transaction.Commit();
    }
    catch (Exception)
    {
        // TODO: Handle failure
    }
}

System.Transactions 的限制

1. EF Core 依赖数据库提供程序以实现对 System.Transactions 的支持。 如果提供程序未实现对 System.Transactions 的支持，则可能会完全忽略对这些 API 的调用。 SqlClient 支持它。

2. 自 .NET Core 2.1 起，System.Transactions 实现不包括对分布式事务的支持，因此不能使用 TransactionScope 或 CommittableTransaction 来跨多个资源管理器协调事务。