C语言 在程序中打开网页，模拟鼠标点击、键盘输入
一、简述
记--使用C语言 打开指定网页，并模拟鼠标点击、键盘输入。实现半自动填写账号密码，并登录网站（当然现在的大部分网站都有验证码，或有检测"非人为"操作，以防止恶意注册、登录)。
例子打包：链接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1eStV0lAcmr8kmEA0n3LRcg 提取码: 7kvj
二、效果 (程序填写账号密码，实现半自动登录)
三、工程结构
四、源文件
main.c文件
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <Windows.h> //ShellExecuteA()
//打开某个网址:website （使用默认浏览器）
void open_web(char *website)
{
ShellExecuteA(0,"open", website,0,0,1);
}
//模拟鼠标点击 （x,y）是要点击的位置
void click(int x, int y)
{
//将鼠标光标移动到 指定的位置 例子中屏幕分辨率1600x900 在鼠标坐标系统中，屏幕在水平和垂直方向上均匀分割成65535×65535个单元
mouse_event(MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE|MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE, x*65535/1600, y*65535/900, 0, 0);
Sleep(50);//稍微延时50ms
mouse_event(MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN,0,0,0,0);//鼠标左键按下
mouse_event(MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP,0,0,0,0);//鼠标左键抬起
}
//模拟键盘输入 keybd_event(要按下的字符,0,动作,0);动作为0是按下，动作为2是抬起
void input()
{
char user[]="1234567890123";//账号
char pwd[]="1234567890";//密码
click(823,392); //点击"用户名输入框"的位置
int i;
//输入账号
for(i=0;i<sizeof(user);i++)
{
keybd_event(user[i],0,0,0);
keybd_event(user[i],0,2,0);
Sleep(30);
}
//tab键 对应的编号是0x09 让密码输入框 获取焦点
keybd_event(0x09,0,0,0);//按下
keybd_event(0x09,0,2,0); //松开
Sleep(30);
//输入密码
for(i=0;i<sizeof(pwd);i++)
{
keybd_event(pwd[i],0,0,0);
keybd_event(pwd[i],0,2,0);
Sleep(30);
}
//模拟按下tab键 让登录按钮获取焦点
click(824,530);//点击"登录按钮"
Sleep(30);
}
//将chrome.exe进程杀掉，在例子中尚未使用
void close()
{
system("taskkill /f /im chrome.exe");
}
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
open_web("https://www.baidu.com/");//打开某个网址
Sleep(4000);//延时4秒，等待网页打开完毕，再进行其它操作。根据实际情况（浏览器打开速度，网速）
click(1454, 126);//点击"登录"（1454,126）
Sleep(150);
click(712,658);//点击"用户名登录"
Sleep(150);
input();//模拟鼠标动作，键盘输入
return 0;
}
五、总结
5.1 ShellExecute()函数
| 功能 | 对指定的文件执行操作。（可以实现调用第三方程序） | |
| 头文件 | Windows.h | |
| 原型 | HINSTANCE ShellExecuteA( HWND hwnd, LPCSTR lpOperation, LPCSTR lpFile, LPCSTR lpParameters, LPCSTR lpDirectory, INT nShowCmd ); | |
| 参数 | hwnd | 父窗口的句柄。如果操作与窗口不关联，则此值可以为空 |
| lpOperation | 指定要执行的操作（谓词） edit：启动编辑器并打开文档进行编辑。要打开的文档文件由lpFile指定 explore：浏览由参数lpFile指定的文件夹 find：搜索由参数lpDirectory指定的目录 open：打开lpFile参数指定的项。可以是文件或文件夹，或者是网页。 print：打印由lpFile指定的文件。 NULL：默认操作。如果没有，则使用“open”动词。如果“open”不可用，系统将使用注册表中列出的第一个谓词。 | |
| lpFile | 操作对象（文件等。。。） | |
| lpParameters | 如果lpFile指定可执行文件，则此参数是指向以-结束的字符串的指针，该字符串指定要传递给应用程序的参数。此字符串的格式由要调用的谓词决定。如果lpFile指定文档文件，则lpParameters应为空。 | |
| lpDirectory | 指定操作的默认(工作)目录。如果此值为NULL，则使用当前工作目录。 | |
| nShowCmd | 指定打开应用程序时如何显示的标志。如果lpFile指定文档文件，则只需将标志传递给关联的应用程序。应该由应用程序来决定如何处理它。这些值是定义的。 SW_HIDE：隐藏 SW_MAXIMIZE ：最大化 SW_MINIMIZE ：最小化 。。。 | |
| 返回值 | 如果函数成功，则返回大于32的值。如果函数失败，它将返回一个错误值 | |
| 备注 | 更多详见：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/Shellapi/nf-shellapi-shellexecutea
| |
打开指定网页：
ShellExecute(0, "open", "https://www.baidu.com/",0, 0, 1);//最后的参数是控制最大化、最小化，隐藏打开某个可执行文件：
#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h> //ShellExecute()
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
ShellExecute(0, "open", "C:\\Users\\newuser\\Desktop\\串口助手.exe",0, 0, 1);//最后的参数是控制最大化、最小化
printf("Hello World!\n");
return 0;
}
5.2 mouse_event()函数
| 功能 | 合成鼠标运动和按钮单击。(模拟鼠标动作) | ||
| 头文件 | Windows.h | ||
| 原型 | void mouse_event( DWORD dwFlags, DWORD dx, DWORD dy, DWORD dwData, ULONG_PTR dwExtraInfo ); | ||
| 参数 | dwFlags | 控制鼠标运动和按钮点击的各个方面（鼠标动作类型） MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN：鼠标左键按下 MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP：鼠标左键抬起 MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTDOWN：鼠标右键按下 MOUSEEVENTF_RIGHTUP：鼠标右键抬起 MOUSEEVENTF_WHEEL：鼠标滚轮，数值由参数dwData指定 MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE：鼠标光标位置，由参数dx,dy指定。 | |
| dx | x坐标 | ||
| dy | y坐标 | ||
| dwData | 滚轮滚动值 | ||
| dwExtraInfo | 与鼠标事件关联的附加值。调用GetMessageExtraInfo()以获取此额外信息 | ||
| 返回值 | 无返回值 | ||
| 备注 | 详见：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/winuser/nf-winuser-mouse_event
| ||
将鼠标移动到指定位置（x,y）
//例子中屏幕分辨率1600x900 在鼠标坐标系统中，屏幕在水平和垂直方向上均匀分割成65535×65535个单元
mouse_event(MOUSEEVENTF_ABSOLUTE|MOUSEEVENTF_MOVE, x*65535/1600, y*65535/900, 0, 0);
按下鼠标左键，然后抬起
mouse_event(MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN,0,0,0,0);//鼠标左键按下
mouse_event(MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP,0,0,0,0);//鼠标左键抬起5.3 keybd_event()函数
| 功能 | 合成击键。（模拟键盘输入） | ||
| 头文件 | Windows.h | ||
| 原型 | void keybd_event( BYTE bVk, BYTE bScan, DWORD dwFlags, ULONG_PTR dwExtraInfo ); | ||
| 参数 | bVk | 虚拟按键代码编号 | |
| bScan | 按键的的硬件扫描代码 | ||
| dwFlags | 控制功能操作的各个方面 KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY：如果指定，扫描代码前面有一个前缀字节，其值为0xE0 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP：如果指定，则抬起按键。 | ||
| dwExtraInfo | 按键动作的附加信息 | ||
| 返回值 | 无返回值 | ||
| 备注 | 详见：https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/api/winuser/nf-winuser-keybd_event
| ||
模拟按下数字按键"9": （‘9’的和0x39都表示数字按键9）
keybd_event('9',0,0,0);//按下按键 ‘9’
keybd_event('9',0,2,0);//抬起按键 ‘9’
或 0x39
keybd_event(0x39,0,0,0);//按下按键 ‘9’
keybd_event(0x39,0,2,0);//抬起按键 ‘9’
虚拟按键 代码列表：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/windows/desktop/inputdev/virtual-key-codes
| 虚拟按键代码 | Description |
|---|---|
| VK_LBUTTON 0x01 | Left mouse button (鼠标左键) |
| VK_RBUTTON 0x02 | Right mouse button (鼠标右键) |
| VK_CANCEL 0x03 | Control-break processing |
| VK_MBUTTON 0x04 | Middle mouse button (three-button mouse) |
| VK_XBUTTON1 0x05 | X1 mouse button |
| VK_XBUTTON2 0x06 | X2 mouse button |
| - 0x07 | Undefined |
| VK_BACK 0x08 | BACKSPACE key（退格键） |
| VK_TAB 0x09 | TAB key (Tab键) |
| - 0x0A-0B | Reserved |
| VK_CLEAR 0x0C | CLEAR key |
| VK_RETURN 0x0D | ENTER key（回车键） |
| - 0x0E-0F | Undefined |
| VK_SHIFT 0x10 | SHIFT key |
| VK_CONTROL 0x11 | CTRL key |
| VK_MENU 0x12 | ALT key |
| VK_PAUSE 0x13 | PAUSE key |
| VK_CAPITAL 0x14 | CAPS LOCK key |
| VK_KANA 0x15 | IME Kana mode |
| VK_HANGUEL 0x15 | IME Hanguel mode (maintained for compatibility; use VK_HANGUL) |
| VK_HANGUL 0x15 | IME Hangul mode |
| - 0x16 | Undefined |
| VK_JUNJA 0x17 | IME Junja mode |
| VK_FINAL 0x18 | IME final mode |
| VK_HANJA 0x19 | IME Hanja mode |
| VK_KANJI 0x19 | IME Kanji mode |
| - 0x1A | Undefined |
| VK_ESCAPE 0x1B | ESC key |
| VK_CONVERT 0x1C | IME convert |
| VK_NONCONVERT 0x1D | IME nonconvert |
| VK_ACCEPT 0x1E | IME accept |
| VK_MODECHANGE 0x1F | IME mode change request |
| VK_SPACE 0x20 | SPACEBAR |
| VK_PRIOR 0x21 | PAGE UP key |
| VK_NEXT 0x22 | PAGE DOWN key |
| VK_END 0x23 | END key |
| VK_HOME 0x24 | HOME key |
| VK_LEFT 0x25 | LEFT ARROW key |
| VK_UP 0x26 | UP ARROW key |
| VK_RIGHT 0x27 | RIGHT ARROW key |
| VK_DOWN 0x28 | DOWN ARROW key |
| VK_SELECT 0x29 | SELECT key |
| VK_PRINT 0x2A | PRINT key |
| VK_EXECUTE 0x2B | EXECUTE key |
| VK_SNAPSHOT 0x2C | PRINT SCREEN key |
| VK_INSERT 0x2D | INS key |
| VK_DELETE 0x2E | DEL key |
| VK_HELP 0x2F | HELP key |
| 0x30 | 0 key （数字1） |
| 0x31 | 1 key |
| 0x32 | 2 key |
| 0x33 | 3 key |
| 0x34 | 4 key |
| 0x35 | 5 key |
| 0x36 | 6 key |
| 0x37 | 7 key |
| 0x38 | 8 key |
| 0x39 | 9 key |
| - 0x3A-40 | Undefined |
| 0x41 | A key |
| 0x42 | B key |
| 0x43 | C key |
| 0x44 | D key |
| 0x45 | E key |
| 0x46 | F key |
| 0x47 | G key |
| 0x48 | H key |
| 0x49 | I key |
| 0x4A | J key |
| 0x4B | K key |
| 0x4C | L key |
| 0x4D | M key |
| 0x4E | N key |
| 0x4F | O key |
| 0x50 | P key |
| 0x51 | Q key |
| 0x52 | R key |
| 0x53 | S key |
| 0x54 | T key |
| 0x55 | U key |
| 0x56 | V key |
| 0x57 | W key |
| 0x58 | X key |
| 0x59 | Y key |
| 0x5A | Z key |
| VK_LWIN 0x5B | Left Windows key (Natural keyboard) |
| VK_RWIN 0x5C | Right Windows key (Natural keyboard) |
| VK_APPS 0x5D | Applications key (Natural keyboard) |
| - 0x5E | Reserved |
| VK_SLEEP 0x5F | Computer Sleep key |
| VK_NUMPAD0 0x60 | Numeric keypad 0 key |
| VK_NUMPAD1 0x61 | Numeric keypad 1 key |
| VK_NUMPAD2 0x62 | Numeric keypad 2 key |
| VK_NUMPAD3 0x63 | Numeric keypad 3 key |
| VK_NUMPAD4 0x64 | Numeric keypad 4 key |
| VK_NUMPAD5 0x65 | Numeric keypad 5 key |
| VK_NUMPAD6 0x66 | Numeric keypad 6 key |
| VK_NUMPAD7 0x67 | Numeric keypad 7 key |
| VK_NUMPAD8 0x68 | Numeric keypad 8 key |
| VK_NUMPAD9 0x69 | Numeric keypad 9 key |
| VK_MULTIPLY 0x6A | Multiply key |
| VK_ADD 0x6B | Add key |
| VK_SEPARATOR 0x6C | Separator key |
| VK_SUBTRACT 0x6D | Subtract key |
| VK_DECIMAL 0x6E | Decimal key |
| VK_DIVIDE 0x6F | Divide key |
| VK_F1 0x70 | F1 key |
| VK_F2 0x71 | F2 key |
| VK_F3 0x72 | F3 key |
| VK_F4 0x73 | F4 key |
| VK_F5 0x74 | F5 key |
| VK_F6 0x75 | F6 key |
| VK_F7 0x76 | F7 key |
| VK_F8 0x77 | F8 key |
| VK_F9 0x78 | F9 key |
| VK_F10 0x79 | F10 key |
| VK_F11 0x7A | F11 key |
| VK_F12 0x7B | F12 key |
| VK_F13 0x7C | F13 key |
| VK_F14 0x7D | F14 key |
| VK_F15 0x7E | F15 key |
| VK_F16 0x7F | F16 key |
| VK_F17 0x80 | F17 key |
| VK_F18 0x81 | F18 key |
| VK_F19 0x82 | F19 key |
| VK_F20 0x83 | F20 key |
| VK_F21 0x84 | F21 key |
| VK_F22 0x85 | F22 key |
| VK_F23 0x86 | F23 key |
| VK_F24 0x87 | F24 key |
| - 0x88-8F | Unassigned |
| VK_NUMLOCK 0x90 | NUM LOCK key |
| VK_SCROLL 0x91 | SCROLL LOCK key |
| 0x92-96 | OEM specific |
| - 0x97-9F | Unassigned |
| VK_LSHIFT 0xA0 | Left SHIFT key |
| VK_RSHIFT 0xA1 | Right SHIFT key |
| VK_LCONTROL 0xA2 | Left CONTROL key |
| VK_RCONTROL 0xA3 | Right CONTROL key |
| VK_LMENU 0xA4 | Left MENU key |
| VK_RMENU 0xA5 | Right MENU key |
| VK_BROWSER_BACK 0xA6 | Browser Back key |
| VK_BROWSER_FORWARD 0xA7 | Browser Forward key |
| VK_BROWSER_REFRESH 0xA8 | Browser Refresh key |
| VK_BROWSER_STOP 0xA9 | Browser Stop key |
| VK_BROWSER_SEARCH 0xAA | Browser Search key |
| VK_BROWSER_FAVORITES 0xAB | Browser Favorites key |
| VK_BROWSER_HOME 0xAC | Browser Start and Home key |
| VK_VOLUME_MUTE 0xAD | Volume Mute key |
| VK_VOLUME_DOWN 0xAE | Volume Down key |
| VK_VOLUME_UP 0xAF | Volume Up key |
| VK_MEDIA_NEXT_TRACK 0xB0 | Next Track key |
| VK_MEDIA_PREV_TRACK 0xB1 | Previous Track key |
| VK_MEDIA_STOP 0xB2 | Stop Media key |
| VK_MEDIA_PLAY_PAUSE 0xB3 | Play/Pause Media key |
| VK_LAUNCH_MAIL 0xB4 | Start Mail key |
| VK_LAUNCH_MEDIA_SELECT 0xB5 | Select Media key |
| VK_LAUNCH_APP1 0xB6 | Start Application 1 key |
| VK_LAUNCH_APP2 0xB7 | Start Application 2 key |
| - 0xB8-B9 | Reserved |
| VK_OEM_1 0xBA | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. For the US standard keyboard, the ';:' key |
| VK_OEM_PLUS 0xBB | For any country/region, the '+' key |
| VK_OEM_COMMA 0xBC | For any country/region, the ',' key |
| VK_OEM_MINUS 0xBD | For any country/region, the '-' key |
| VK_OEM_PERIOD 0xBE | For any country/region, the '.' key |
| VK_OEM_2 0xBF | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. For the US standard keyboard, the '/?' key |
| VK_OEM_3 0xC0 | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. For the US standard keyboard, the '`~' key |
| - 0xC1-D7 | Reserved |
| - 0xD8-DA | Unassigned |
| VK_OEM_4 0xDB | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. For the US standard keyboard, the '[{' key |
| VK_OEM_5 0xDC | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. For the US standard keyboard, the '\|' key |
| VK_OEM_6 0xDD | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. For the US standard keyboard, the ']}' key |
| VK_OEM_7 0xDE | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. For the US standard keyboard, the 'single-quote/double-quote' key |
| VK_OEM_8 0xDF | Used for miscellaneous characters; it can vary by keyboard. |
| - 0xE0 | Reserved |
| 0xE1 | OEM specific |
| VK_OEM_102 0xE2 | Either the angle bracket key or the backslash key on the RT 102-key keyboard |
| 0xE3-E4 | OEM specific |
| VK_PROCESSKEY 0xE5 | IME PROCESS key |
| 0xE6 | OEM specific |
| VK_PACKET 0xE7 | Used to pass Unicode characters as if they were keystrokes. The VK_PACKET key is the low word of a 32-bit Virtual Key value used for non-keyboard input methods. For more information, see Remark in KEYBDINPUT, SendInput, WM_KEYDOWN, and WM_KEYUP |
| - 0xE8 | Unassigned |
| 0xE9-F5 | OEM specific |
| VK_ATTN 0xF6 | Attn key |
| VK_CRSEL 0xF7 | CrSel key |
| VK_EXSEL 0xF8 | ExSel key |
| VK_EREOF 0xF9 | Erase EOF key |
| VK_PLAY 0xFA | Play key |
| VK_ZOOM 0xFB | Zoom key |
| VK_NONAME 0xFC | Reserved |
| VK_PA1 0xFD | PA1 key |
| VK_OEM_CLEAR 0xFE | Clear key |
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