Deepin - 安装zsh及oh-my-zsh的踩坑记录

系统	版本
deepin	deepin-15.10.1-amd64
以下安装步骤都是在普通账户下操作

1. 安装zsh[重要]

GitHub → ohmyzsh-wiki
开源中国

# Deepin安装
sudo apt install zsh

# CentOS 安装
sudo yum update && sudo yum -y install zsh

2. 安装oh-my-zsh[重要]

官网 - GitHub

• 此步骤前提必须配置git：Git - 安装配置（Linux、Windows双重记录）

你可以下载 install.sh，手动安装
备选方案：如果官网拒绝连接，手动下载我的腾讯微云分享链：/linux/ohmyzsh

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh
sh install.sh

或者 wget 自动下载安装

# wget 系统默认自带
sh -c "$(wget -O- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

或者 curl 自动下载安装

# curl 需要手动安装 sudo apt-get install curl
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

特别标注：但是在国内，这两个网址由于众所周知的原因很难访问到，所以很难下载下来，所以我们可以替换成下面的脚本，其实就是把github的地址换成我们国内比较常用的gitee地址，gitee上的oh-my-zsh其实就是基于github做了一个镜像，所以内容完全一样。

sh -c "$(wget https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh -O -)"
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://gitee.com/mirrors/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh)"

2.1 查看shell

• 查看当前使用shell

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [14:09:24] 
$ echo $SHELL
/bin/bash

• 查看系统中安装了哪些shell

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [14:11:37] 
$ cat /etc/shells 
# /etc/shells: valid login shells
/bin/sh
/bin/dash
/usr/bin/dash
/bin/bash
/usr/bin/bash
/bin/rbash
/usr/bin/rbash
/bin/zsh
/usr/bin/zsh

2.2 切换默认shell[重要]

chsh -s /bin/zsh

2.3 .oh-my-zsh目录完全授权

如不授权，其他账户安装插件/使用主题，会报日志错误
如果只有一个常用账户的话，建议不用配置此步
否则后期不好git升级.oh-my-zsh

chmod -R 777 .oh-my-zsh 

2.4 配置.zshrc文件

vim ~/.zshrc

2.4.1 跳过不安全目录的验证

• 非必要

# 放在配置文件最前面
ZSH_DISABLE_COMPFIX="true"

2.4.2 配置主题[重要]

• 查看有什么主题 - 官方主题演示

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [13:48:24] 
$ ls ~/.oh-my-zsh/themes

• 更改成自己想要的主题，我用的是ys，基本信息一步了然

# ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"
ZSH_THEME="ys"

2.4.3 oh-my-zsh升级

更新时候出现如下报错，这是因为修改了oh-my-zsh的git文件

可以使用如下方式更新：

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [9:56:36] 
$ cd ~/.oh-my-zsh
# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~/.oh-my-zsh on git:master x [9:56:46] C:1
$ git status
# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~/.oh-my-zsh on git:master x [9:56:49] 
$ git stash
# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~/.oh-my-zsh on git:master o [9:57:09] C:128
$ upgrade_oh_my_zsh
# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~/.oh-my-zsh on git:master x [9:57:09] C:128
$ git stash pop

2.4.3.1 关闭oh-my-zsh的自动更新

oh-my-zsh是个非常好用的工具，只要是在macOS、Linux下工作的同学们大多都会安装oh-my-zsh这个小工具，用来增强Terminal的功能。但是每天第一次打开Terminal的时候都会卡顿一下，原因是因为zsh每天会在第一次打开时进行自动更新检测。

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [9:56:36] 
$ vim ~/.zshrc

# 查找DISABLE_AUTO_UPDATE，将其注释打开，使其生效
# Uncomment the following line to disable bi-weekly auto-update checks.
DISABLE_AUTO_UPDATE="true"

• 如何手动更新呢

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [9:56:36] 
$ upgrade_oh_my_zsh

# 或者
# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [9:56:36] 
$ zsh ~/.oh-my-zsh/tools/check_for_upgrade.sh

2.4.3 使.zshrc文件生效

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~/Desktop [13:51:05] 
$ source ~/.zshrc

• .zshrc 的最终内容

# If you come from bash you might have to change your $PATH.
# export PATH=$HOME/bin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH

# Path to your oh-my-zsh installation.
export ZSH="/home/nangy/.oh-my-zsh"

# Set name of the theme to load --- if set to "random", it will
# load a random theme each time oh-my-zsh is loaded, in which case,
# to know which specific one was loaded, run: echo $RANDOM_THEME
# See https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/wiki/Themes
ZSH_THEME="ys"

# Set list of themes to pick from when loading at random
# Setting this variable when ZSH_THEME=random will cause zsh to load
# a theme from this variable instead of looking in $ZSH/themes/
# If set to an empty array, this variable will have no effect.
# ZSH_THEME_RANDOM_CANDIDATES=( "robbyrussell" "agnoster" )

# Uncomment the following line to use case-sensitive completion.
# CASE_SENSITIVE="true"

# Uncomment the following line to use hyphen-insensitive completion.
# Case-sensitive completion must be off. _ and - will be interchangeable.
# HYPHEN_INSENSITIVE="true"

# Uncomment the following line to disable bi-weekly auto-update checks.
DISABLE_AUTO_UPDATE="true"

# Uncomment the following line to automatically update without prompting.
# DISABLE_UPDATE_PROMPT="true"

# Uncomment the following line to change how often to auto-update (in days).
# export UPDATE_ZSH_DAYS=13

# Uncomment the following line if pasting URLs and other text is messed up.
# DISABLE_MAGIC_FUNCTIONS="true"

# Uncomment the following line to disable colors in ls.
# DISABLE_LS_COLORS="true"

# Uncomment the following line to disable auto-setting terminal title.
# DISABLE_AUTO_TITLE="true"

# Uncomment the following line to enable command auto-correction.
# ENABLE_CORRECTION="true"

# Uncomment the following line to display red dots whilst waiting for completion.
# COMPLETION_WAITING_DOTS="true"

# Uncomment the following line if you want to disable marking untracked files
# under VCS as dirty. This makes repository status check for large repositories
# much, much faster.
# DISABLE_UNTRACKED_FILES_DIRTY="true"

# Uncomment the following line if you want to change the command execution time
# stamp shown in the history command output.
# You can set one of the optional three formats:
# "mm/dd/yyyy"|"dd.mm.yyyy"|"yyyy-mm-dd"
# or set a custom format using the strftime function format specifications,
# see 'man strftime' for details.
# HIST_STAMPS="mm/dd/yyyy"

# Would you like to use another custom folder than $ZSH/custom?
# ZSH_CUSTOM=/path/to/new-custom-folder

# Which plugins would you like to load?
# Standard plugins can be found in $ZSH/plugins/
# Custom plugins may be added to $ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/
# Example format: plugins=(rails git textmate ruby lighthouse)
# Add wisely, as too many plugins slow down shell startup.
plugins=(git)

source $ZSH/oh-my-zsh.sh

# User configuration

# export MANPATH="/usr/local/man:$MANPATH"

# You may need to manually set your language environment
# export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

# Preferred editor for local and remote sessions
# if [[ -n $SSH_CONNECTION ]]; then
#   export EDITOR='vim'
# else
#   export EDITOR='mvim'
# fi

# Compilation flags
# export ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64"

# Set personal aliases, overriding those provided by oh-my-zsh libs,
# plugins, and themes. Aliases can be placed here, though oh-my-zsh
# users are encouraged to define aliases within the ZSH_CUSTOM folder.
# For a full list of active aliases, run `alias`.
#
# Example aliases
# alias zshconfig="mate ~/.zshrc"
# alias ohmyzsh="mate ~/.oh-my-zsh"

！坑

1. root用户不生效？？？

普通用户安装后，切换到root用户下，居然没生效，所以呢，自己研究，丰衣足食
root根目下copy，再source居然报错，简单粗暴重启后居然有成功了，没明白

# root @ nangy-vm in ~ [13:56:14] 
$ cp /home/nangy/.zshrc ~/

# root @ nangy-vm in ~ [13:56:37] 
$ source ~/.zshrc

命令提示，而且还可以选择

2. 环境变量经常欠抽not find

so，弄了个临时解决方案

• 修改~/.zshrc，在末尾添加变量
  例如：JAVA_HOME、SCALA_HOME、MAVEN_HOME

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [13:47:12] 
$ vim ~/.zshrc 

• 再把修改后的.zshrc覆盖其他用户根目录的.zshrc
  我这里只有root用户和自己工作用的普通用户，所以只复制一次就行

# nangy @ nangy-vm in ~ [13:51:45] 
$ su
密码：

# root @ nangy-vm in ~ [13:55:46] 
$ cp /home/nangy/.zshrc -R ~/

• 查看一下是否覆盖成功

# root @ nangy-vm in ~ [13:56:13] 
$ tail ~/.zshrc 

• 关闭终端重新打开，就可以每次都加载变量了
  估计就是zsh的兼容坑吧，因为自己贪婪zsh的便捷，配置麻烦就麻烦吧，毕竟配置也就一次而已
  以上着重记录一下，防止以后忘记了