#coding=utf-8
'''
字典的学习
'''
#创建字典
info = {'name':'Lilei','age':22,'sex':'man'}
print info
info1 = dict(name = 'Lilei',age = 22,sex = 'man')
print info1
#添加/修改字典元素,注意字典无序
info['name'] = 'Hanmeimei'
print info
info['height'] = 180
print info
#添加/修改字典元素,还可以用update()
info1.update({'name':'Hanmeimei'}) #返回None
print info1
info1.update({'height':180})
print info1
#删除字典元素.方法1
del info['height']
print info
#删除字典元素,方法2:pop,并返回删除的字典元素值
print info1.pop('height') #180
print info1
#删除字典所有元素:clear()
info1.clear()
print info1 #{}
#成员关系操作
print 'name' in info #True
print info.has_key('name') #True
#取出键:
print info.keys() #['age', 'name', 'sex']
#取出值:
print info.values() #[22, 'Hanmeimei', 'man']
#取出某个键所对应的值,方法1
print info.get('name') #Hanmeimei
#取出某个键所对应的值
print info['name'] #Hanmeimei
#items( )函数获取字典中的所有键值对
items = info.items()
print items
for key,value in items:
print key,value
#等效于
for item in items:
print item[0],item[1]
结果:
{'age': 22, 'name': 'Lilei', 'sex': 'man'}
{'age': 22, 'name': 'Lilei', 'sex': 'man'}
{'age': 22, 'name': 'Hanmeimei', 'sex': 'man'}
{'age': 22, 'height': 180, 'name': 'Hanmeimei', 'sex': 'man'}
{'age': 22, 'name': 'Hanmeimei', 'sex': 'man'}
{'age': 22, 'height': 180, 'name': 'Hanmeimei', 'sex': 'man'}
{'age': 22, 'name': 'Hanmeimei', 'sex': 'man'}
180
{'age': 22, 'name': 'Hanmeimei', 'sex': 'man'}
{}
True
True
['age', 'name', 'sex']
[22, 'Hanmeimei', 'man']
Hanmeimei
Hanmeimei
[('age', 22), ('name', 'Hanmeimei'), ('sex', 'man')]
age 22
name Hanmeimei
sex man
age 22
name Hanmeimei
sex man
补充:
#coding=utf-8
CATEGORIES = 10
train_dict = {i: [] for i in range(CATEGORIES)}
print train_dict
输出:
{0: [], 1: [], 2: [], 3: [], 4: [], 5: [], 6: [], 7: [], 8: [], 9: []}