oracle11g建表使用GENERATED和seq报错ORA-02000:missing ALWAYS keyword或ORA-00984: column not allowed here

一、
1、问题场景
开发环境，oracle11g。开始使用脚本创建表

CREATE TABLE regions
  (
    region_id NUMBER GENERATED BY DEFAULT AS IDENTITY
    START WITH 5 PRIMARY KEY,
    region_name VARCHAR2( 50 ) NOT NULL
  );

oracle建表报错:ORA-02000:missing ALWAYS keyword
百度之后

https://blog.csdn.net/u014285237/article/details/128674668
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42675423/article/details/127093117

修改sql为

create sequence regions_seq;
CREATE TABLE regions
  (
    region_id NUMBER DEFAULT regions_seq.nextval,
    region_name VARCHAR2( 50 ) NOT NULL
  );

报错

ORA-00984: column not allowed here
继续百度，找到原因

https://www.656463.com/wenda/Oraclelbyxccmrzzf_592
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_32534073/article/details/116336946

最终发现自增主键也是12c才有的功能，总结，只能使用触发器实现。