数据结构学习----回溯法解迷宫-CSDN博客

回溯法也称试探法,这种方法将问题的候选解按某种顺序逐一枚举和检验, 当发现当前的候选解, 不是解时, 就放弃它而选择下一个候选解, 如果当前的候选解, 除了不满足问题规模要求外, 其他所有要求都已满足, 则扩大当前候选解的规模, 继续试探. 如果当前候选解满足了包括问题在内的所有要求, 则这个候选解, 将成为问题的一个解.



#include <stdio.h>      
#include <stdlib.h>      
#include <iostream>      
using namespace std;      

#pragma once            
#define M 12 
#define P 15

struct offsets
{ 
	int a,b;
	char *dir;
}; 


offsets move[8]={{-1,0,"N"},{-1,1,"NE"},{0,1,"E"},{1,1,"SE"},
{1,0,"S"},{1,-1,"SW"},{0,-1,"W"},{-1,-1,"NW"}};


int Maze[M+2][P+2]={
	{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
	{0,0,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1},
	{1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1},
	{1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1},
	{1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,1},
	{1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
	{1,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1},
	{1,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,1,0,1,1},
	{1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
	{1,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1},
	{1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,1},
	{1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1},
	{1,0,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0},
	{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
};
int mark[M+2][P+2];


int SeekPath(int x,int y)
{
	int i,g=0,h=0; char *d;
	if(x==M&&y==P+1)
		return 1;
	for(i=0;i<8;i++)
	{
		g=x+move[i].a;
		h=y+move[i].b;
		d=move[i].dir;  
		if(Maze[g][h]==0&&mark[g][h]==0)
		{
			mark[g][h]=1;
			if(SeekPath(g,h))
			{  
				cout<<"("<<g<<","<<h<<"),"<<"Direction:"<<d<<","<<endl; 
				return 1;
			}
		} 
	}
	if(x==1&&y==1)
		cout<<"No path in the Maze"<<endl;
	return 0;
}