摘抄例题-定义一个哺乳动物Mammal类，再由此派生出狗Dog类，定义一个Dog类的对象，观察基类与派生类的构造函数与析构函数的调用顺序。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
enum myColor{BLACK, WHITE };

class Mammal
{
public:
	// constructors
	Mammal();
	~Mammal();
	//accessors
	int GetAge() const { return itsAge; }
	void SetAge(int age) { itsAge = age; }
	int GetWeight() const { return itsWeight; }
	void SetWeight(int weight) { itsWeight = weight; }
	//Other methods
	void Speak() const { cout << "Mammal sound!\n"; }
protected:
	int itsAge;
	int itsWeight;
};
class Dog : public Mammal
{
public:
	Dog();
	~Dog();
	myColor GetColor() const { return itsColor; }
	void SetColor (myColor color) { itsColor = color; }
	void WagTail() { cout << "Tail wagging...\n"; }
private:
	myColor itsColor;
};
Mammal::Mammal():itsAge(1),itsWeight(5)
{
	cout << "Mammal constructor...\n";
}
Mammal::~Mammal()
{
	cout << "Mammal destructor...\n";
}
Dog::Dog(): itsColor (WHITE)
{
	cout << "Dog constructor...\n";
}
Dog::~Dog()
{
	cout << "Dog destructor...\n";
}
int main()
{
	Dog Jack;
	Jack.Speak();
	Jack.WagTail();
	cout << " Jack is " << Jack.GetAge() << " years old\n";
	return 0;
}