Java Excel 使用攻略

Java Excel是一开放源码项目，通过它Java开发人员可以读取Excel文件的内容、创建新的Excel文件、更新已经存在的Excel文件。下面我写了一个简单的例子，展示基本的读取，新建，更新(包括常见格式的设置:字体，颜色，背景,合并单元格)，拷贝操作，有这些其实已经基本足够应付大部分问题了。下面是例的源代码:

import java.io.*;
import java.util.Date;

import jxl.*;
import jxl.format.Colour;
import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle;
import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;
import jxl.write.*;
import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle;
import jxl.format.CellFormat;;

public class OperateExcel {
/**
  * Read data from a excel file
  */
 public static void  readExcel(String excelFileName){
  Workbook  rwb = null;  
  try{
   InputStream stream = new FileInputStream(excelFileName);
   rwb = Workbook.getWorkbook(stream);
   Sheet  sheet = rwb.getSheet(0);
   Cell   cell  = null;
   int columns = sheet.getColumns();
   int rows    = sheet.getRows();
   for( int i=0 ; i< rows ; i++ )
    for( int j=0 ; j< columns ; j++){
     //attention: The first parameter is column,the second parameter is row.  
     cell = sheet.getCell(j,i);    
     String str00 = cell.getContents();
     if( cell.getType() == CellType.LABEL )
       str00 += " LAEBL";
     else if( cell.getType() == CellType.NUMBER)
       str00 += " number";
     else if( cell.getType() == CellType.DATE)
       str00 += " date"; 
     System.out.println("00==>"+str00);
    } 
   stream.close();
   }
  catch(IOException e){  
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  catch(BiffException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  } 
  finally{  
   rwb.close();
  }
 }
 /**
  * create a new excelFile
  * @param excelFileName create name
  */
 public static void createExcelFile(String excelFileName){
  try{
   WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(excelFileName));
   WritableSheet     ws  = wwb.createSheet("sheet1",0);
   //also,The first parameter is  column,the second parameter is row.
   // add normal label data
   Label label00 = new Label(0,0,"Label00");
   ws.addCell(label00);
   //add font formating data   
   WritableFont  wf = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 18, WritableFont.BOLD , true);
  WritableCellFormat wff = new WritableCellFormat(wf);
   Label label10 = new Label(1,0,"Label10",wff);
   ws.addCell(label10);
   //add color font formating data
   WritableFont wf_color = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,10,WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false,UnderlineStyle.DOUBLE_ACCOUNTING,Colour.RED);
   WritableCellFormat wff_color = new WritableCellFormat(wf_color);
   wff_color.setBackground(Colour.GRAY_25); //set background coloe to gray  
   Label label20 = new Label(2,0,"Label20",wff_color);   
   ws.addCell(label20);
   
   //合并单元格
   WritableFont wf_merge = new WritableFont(WritableFont.ARIAL,10,WritableFont.NO_BOLD,false,UnderlineStyle.DOUBLE_ACCOUNTING,Colour.GREEN);
   WritableCellFormat wff_merge = new WritableCellFormat(wf_merge);
   wff_merge.setBackground(Colour.BLACK);
   Label label30 = new Label(3,0,"Label30",wff_merge);   
   ws.addCell(label30);
   Label label40 = new Label(4,0,"Label40");
   ws.addCell(label40);
   Label label50 = new Label(5,0,"Label50");
   ws.addCell(label50);
  //合并 (0,3) (4,0)
     //attention : 如果合并后面的列不为空,那么就把后面格的内容清空,格式也是按前一个单元格的格式
   ws.mergeCells(3,0,4,0);
   
   //添加Number格式数据
   jxl.write.Number labelN = new jxl.write.Number(0, 1, 3.1415926);
   ws.addCell(labelN);
   
   //添加带有formatting的Number对象
   jxl.write.NumberFormat nf = new jxl.write.NumberFormat("#.##");
   jxl.write.WritableCellFormat wcfN = new jxl.write.WritableCellFormat(nf);
   jxl.write.Number labelNF = new jxl.write.Number(1, 1, 3.1415926, wcfN);
   ws.addCell(labelNF);
   
   //添加Boolean对象
   jxl.write.Boolean labelBoolean = new jxl.write.Boolean(2,1,false);
   ws.addCell(labelBoolean);
   
   //添加DateTime对象
   DateTime labelDT = new DateTime(3,1,new Date());
   ws.addCell(labelDT);
   //添加带有格式的DataTime数据
   DateFormat dtf = new DateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss");
   WritableCellFormat wcfDt = new WritableCellFormat(dtf);   
   wcfDt.setBackground(Colour.YELLOW);
   DateTime labelDT_format =  new DateTime(4,1,new java.util.Date(),wcfDt);
   ws.addCell(labelDT_format);
   ws.mergeCells(4,1,5,1); //比较长,用两列来显示     
   
   wwb.write();
   wwb.close();
  }
  catch(IOException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  catch(WriteException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }  
 }
 /**
  * 如何更新Excel文件
  * @param fileName
  */
public static void updateExcel(String fileName){  
  try{
   jxl.Workbook rw = jxl.Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(fileName));
   WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(fileName),rw);
   //这里其实执行的是一次copy操作,把文件先读到内存中,修改后再保存覆盖原来的文件来实现update操作
   WritableSheet ws  = wwb.getSheet(0);
   WritableCell wc = ws.getWritableCell(0,0);
   if( wc.getType() == CellType.LABEL){
    Label l = (Label)wc;
    l.setString(wc.getContents()+"_new");
   }
   wwb.write();
   wwb.close();
  }
  catch(IOException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  catch(WriteException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  } 
  catch(BiffException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  }
 /**
  * 如何copy Excel文件
  * @param fileName
  */
 public static void copyExcel(String sourFileName,String destFileName){  
  try{
   jxl.Workbook rw = jxl.Workbook.getWorkbook(new File(sourFileName));
   WritableWorkbook wwb = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File(destFileName),rw);
   wwb.write();
   wwb.close();
  }
  catch(IOException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
  catch(WriteException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  } 
  catch(BiffException e){
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }

public static void main(String [] argv){
  //OperateExcel.readExcel("E://test.xls");
  //OperateExcel.createExcelFile("E://test1.xls");
  //OperateExcel.updateExcel("E://test.xls");
  OperateExcel.copyExcel("E://test.xls","E://moon.xls");
 }

}