使用JSONObject和JSONArray

JSONObject

JSONObject是一个无序的键值对集合。值可以是任意类型：Boolean,JSONArray,JSONObject,Number,String,or the JSONObject.NULL Object.

http://maps.google.com/maps/api/geocode/json?sensor=false&address=beijing 返回的json如下：

 {
   "results" : [
      {
         "address_components" : [
            {
               "long_name" : "北京",
               "short_name" : "北京",
               "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "北京市",
               "short_name" : "北京市",
               "types" : [ "administrative_area_level_1", "political" ]
            },
            {
               "long_name" : "中国",
               "short_name" : "CN",
               "types" : [ "country", "political" ]
            }
         ],
         "formatted_address" : "中国北京市北京市",
         "geometry" : {
            "bounds" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 41.0608158,
                  "lng" : 117.5146251 },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 39.4427581,
                  "lng" : 115.4234115 }
            },
            "location" : {
               "lat" : 39.904211,
               "lng" : 116.407395
            },
            "location_type" : "APPROXIMATE",
            "viewport" : {
               "northeast" : {
                  "lat" : 40.2164962,
                  "lng" : 116.7829835 },
               "southwest" : {
                  "lat" : 39.6612714,
                  "lng" : 116.0119343 }
            }
         },
         "place_id" : "ChIJuSwU55ZS8DURiqkPryBWYrk",
         "types" : [ "locality", "political" ]
      }
   ],
   "status" : "OK"
}

JSONArray

JSONArray是一个有序的值序列。值可以是任意类型：Boolean, JSONArray, JSONObject, Number, String, or the JSONNull object。

形如：

[ "locality", "political" ]

实例：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import net.sf.json.JSONArray;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

public class JsonObjectArrayTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 1.从字符串转换成JSONArray对象，必须首尾为[,]; 工具代码会判断是否含有'['和']'
        String types1 = "[\"locality\",\"political\"]";
        JSONArray jsonArray1 = JSONArray.fromObject(types1);
        System.out.println(jsonArray1.toString());

        // 2.从一个JSONArray转换成另一个JSONArray对象
        JSONArray jsonArray2 = JSONArray.fromObject(jsonArray1);
        System.out.println(jsonArray2.toString());

        // 3.将Collection对象, 本例为ArrayList转换成JSONArray对象
        List<String> types3 = new ArrayList<String>();
        types3.add("locality");
        types3.add("political");
        JSONArray jsonArray3 = JSONArray.fromObject(types3);
        System.out.println(jsonArray3.toString());

        // 4. new 一个JSONObject对象，使用put方法添加成员，如果已经存在key, 则替换value值
        JSONObject jsonObject1 = new JSONObject();
        jsonObject1.put("types", jsonArray3);
        System.out.println(jsonObject1.toString());

        // 5.将一个JSONObject对象转换成另一个JSONObject对象
        JSONObject jsonObject2 = JSONObject.fromObject(jsonObject1);
        System.out.println(jsonObject2);

        // 6.将一Map对象转换成JSONObject对象
        Map<String, List<String>> map = new LinkedHashMap<String, List<String>>();
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        list.add("locality");
        list.add("political");
        map.put("types", list);
        JSONObject jsonObject3 = JSONObject.fromObject(map);
        System.out.println(jsonObject3);

        // 7.将String转换成JSONObject对象
        String str1 = "{\"types\":[\"locality\",\"political\"]}";
        JSONObject jsonObject4 = JSONObject.fromObject(str1);
        System.out.println(jsonObject4);

        // 8.累积value到这个key下,这个key下value变成JSONArray， 如果value本身就是JSONArray,直接添加到里面
        JSONObject jsonObject5 = jsonObject4.accumulate("place_id", "ChIJuSwU55ZS8DURiqkPryBWYrk");
        System.out.println(jsonObject5.toString());
        JSONObject jsonObject6 = jsonObject5.accumulate("place_id", "accumulate");
        System.out.println(jsonObject5.toString());
        System.out.println(jsonObject6);
        // 9.element将键值对放到JSONObject中, 如果key存在，则替换原来的value; 
        // element与put的区别: 1.put返回的Object对象； element返回的是JSONObject对象
        // 2.put的key为Object对象，element的key为String
        JSONObject jsonObject7 = jsonObject6.element("types", 1);
        System.out.println(jsonObject7.toString());

        // 10.使用get方法，获取成员
        System.out.println(jsonObject7.getInt("types"));
        System.out.println(jsonObject7.getJSONArray("place_id"));   
        System.out.println(jsonObject7.getJSONArray("place_id").get(1));


    }

}

输出：

["locality","political"]
["locality","political"]
["locality","political"]
{"types":["locality","political"]}
{"types":["locality","political"]}
{"types":["locality","political"]}
{"types":["locality","political"]}
{"types":["locality","political"],"place_id":"ChIJuSwU55ZS8DURiqkPryBWYrk"}
{"types":["locality","political"],"place_id":["ChIJuSwU55ZS8DURiqkPryBWYrk","accumulate"]}
{"types":["locality","political"],"place_id":["ChIJuSwU55ZS8DURiqkPryBWYrk","accumulate"]}
{"types":1,"place_id":["ChIJuSwU55ZS8DURiqkPryBWYrk","accumulate"]}
1
["ChIJuSwU55ZS8DURiqkPryBWYrk","accumulate"]
accumulate

总结：

JSONObject添加成员的方法element()与put()的区别:

1.put返回的Object对象，element返回的是JSONObject对象

2.put的key为Object对象，element的key为String

本文介绍的方法是net.sf.json下的JSONObject和JSONArray， 而非org.json下。

wiki:

http://json-lib.sourceforge.net/apidocs/jdk15/net/sf/json/JSONObject.html
http://json-lib.sourceforge.net/apidocs/jdk15/net/sf/json/JSONArray.html