Datacamp Notes: Introduction to R

Introduction to R

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Intro to basics

• basic types
  
  • numerics
  • integers
  • logical
  • characters

Vectors

names()
sum()

• logical comparison operators
  - < for less than
  - > for greater than
  - <= for less than or equal to
  - >= for greater than or equal to
  - == for equal to each other
  - != not equal to each other

Matrices

matrix()
rowSums()
colSums()
cbind()
rbind()

Example:

ticket_prices <- matrix(c(5, 5, 6, 6, 7, 7), nrow = 3, byrow = TRUE, dimnames = list(movie_names, col_titles)) 

Factors

factor()
levels()
summary()

• two types of categorical variables:
  
  • nominal categorical variable
  • ordinal categorical variable
    Example:

factor(some_vector, ordered = TRUE, levels = c("Level_1", "Level_2" ...))

Data frames

head()
tail()
str()
data.frame()
subset()
a[order(a)]

Lists

list()

Example: select the second component,the first element

shining_list[[2]][1] 

Conclusion

• Vectors (one dimensional array): can hold numeric, character or logical values. The elements in one vector all have the same datatype.
• Matrices (two dimensional array): can hold numeric, character or logical values. The elements in one matrix all have the same datatype.
• Data frames (two-dimensional objects): can hold numeric, character or logical values. Within a column all elements have the same data type, but different columns can be of different data type.
• List: a variety of objects under one name (that is, the name of the list) in an ordered way. These objects can be matrices, vectors, data frames, even other lists, etc. It is not even required that these objects are related to each other.