SpringBoot之十六：SpringBoot自动配置的原理

Spring Boot在进行SpringApplication对象实例化时会加载META-INF/spring.factories文件，将该配置文件中的配置载入到Spring容器。

##一、初始化加载

###1、首先实例化SpringApplication 对象

@SpringBootApplication
public class App {	
/**
 * 在main方法中启动我们的应用程序
 * @param args
 */
public static void main(String[] args) {
	
	SpringApplication app=new SpringApplication(App.class);
	app.setBannerMode(Banner.Mode.OFF);
	app.run(App.class, args);
	//SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
}

###2、在有参构造中初始化配置

/**
 * Create a new {@link SpringApplication} instance. The application context will load
 * beans from the specified sources (see {@link SpringApplication class-level}
 * documentation for details. The instance can be customized before calling
 * {@link #run(String...)}.
 * @param sources the bean sources
 * @see #run(Object, String[])
 * @see #SpringApplication(ResourceLoader, Object...)
 */
public SpringApplication(Object... sources) {
	initialize(sources);
}

###3、初始化方法

@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
	if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
		this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
	}
	this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
	setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
			ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
	setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
	this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}

###4、getSpringFactoriesInstances方法

private <T> Collection<? extends T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type) {
	return getSpringFactoriesInstances(type, new Class<?>[] {});
}

private <T> Collection<? extends T> getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class<T> type,
			Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {
	ClassLoader classLoader = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
	// Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates
	Set<String> names = new LinkedHashSet<String>(
			SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));
	List<T> instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes,
			classLoader, args, names);
	AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);
	return instances;
	}

public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
		String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();
		try {
			Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) :
					ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
			List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
			while (urls.hasMoreElements()) {
				URL url = urls.nextElement();
				Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(new UrlResource(url));
				String factoryClassNames = properties.getProperty(factoryClassName);
				result.addAll(Arrays.asList(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(factoryClassNames)));
			}
			return result;
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load [" + factoryClass.getName() +
					"] factories from location [" + FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex);
		}
	}

加载到了自动配置的文件：

public static final String FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION = "META-INF/spring.factories";

public static List<String> loadFactoryNames(Class<?> factoryClass, ClassLoader classLoader) {
		String factoryClassName = factoryClass.getName();
		try {
			Enumeration<URL> urls = (classLoader != null ? classLoader.getResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION) :
					ClassLoader.getSystemResources(FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION));
			List<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
			while (urls.hasMoreElements()) {
				URL url = urls.nextElement();
				Properties properties = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(new UrlResource(url));
				String factoryClassNames = properties.getProperty(factoryClassName);
				result.addAll(Arrays.asList(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(factoryClassNames)));
			}
			return result;
		}
		catch (IOException ex) {
			throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unable to load [" + factoryClass.getName() +
					"] factories from location [" + FACTORIES_RESOURCE_LOCATION + "]", ex);
		}
	}