python学习——函数

题目参照《python编程——从入门到实践》第八章习题

8-1

def display_message(message):
	print(message)
display_message('function')

8-2

def favorite_book(book):
	print('One of my favorite books is '+book)
favorite_book('Alice in Wonderland')

8-5

def describe_city(city,country='Iceland'):
	print(city+' is in '+country)
describe_city('Reykjavik')
describe_city('Hongkong','China')
describe_city(country='China',city='Guangzhou')

8-7、8-8

def make_album(singer,name,total_music=''):
	album={'singer':singer,'name':name}
	if total_music!='':
		total_music=int(total_music)
		album['total_music']=total_music
	return album
while True:
	singer=input("Please input the singer name:\n(enter 'e' at any time to exit)\n")
	if singer=='e':
		break
	name=input("Please input the album name:\n(enter 'e' at any time to exit)\n")
	if name=='e':
		break
	message='Please input how many music the album have:\n';
	message+="(enter 'e' at any time to exit,enter 'd' when you don't know the number)\n"
	total_music=input(message)
	if total_music=='e':
		break
	if total_music=='d':
		album=make_album(singer,name)
	else:
		album=make_album(singer,name,total_music)
	print(album,end='\n\n')
	

8-9、8-10、8-11、8-16

magicans.py

from module import*
magicians=['Alice','Bob','Linko']
show_magicians(magicians)
new_magicians=make_great(magicians[:])
show_magicians(new_magicians)
show_magicians(magicians)

module.py

def show_magicians(magicians):
	for magician in magicians:
		print(magician)
def make_great(magicians):
	for i in range(0,len(magicians)):
		magicians[i]+=' the Great'
	return magicians

8-14

def make_car(model,manufacturer,**car_info):
	car={'manufacturer':manufacturer,'model':model}
	for key,value in car_info.items():
		car[key]=value
	return car
car=make_car(model='outback',color='blue',two_package=True,manufacturer='subaru')
print(car)

勘误：

《python编程——从入门到实践》这本书中提到普通的形参必须放在形如*topping这种形参之前，但这种说法是完全错误的。

对于形如*topping的形参，可以写出如下可执行函数

def make_pizze(name,*toppings,size):
	print('\nMaking a '+str(size)+'-inch pizza named '+name+' with the following toppings:')
	for topping in toppings:
		print('- '+topping)
make_pizze('aaa','mushrooms','green peppers','extra cheese',size=12)

证明python对于*topping形式的形参，在函数定义中并无过多限制。

而经过实验，在调用时，*topping前的实参必须按照位置实参形式传入，而*topping后的实参必须按照关键字实参形式传入。

而对于**car_info形式的形参，在函数定义中，必须位于其他形参之后，否则会报错。

同时经过实验，在调用时，可以使用关键字实参，把**car_info前形参的实参写在函数的任意位置。

虽然这些发现对于编写规范的python程序毫无意义，但暂且指出，防止大家见到诸如此类程序时发出“这为什么能执行”的惊叹声。