Java实验四、Object类

新人猿86

于 2023-12-24 10:59:35 发布

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文章标签： java 开发语言算法

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/nianhao666/article/details/135179218

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实验目的：

掌握编写不同包的子类时设置成员访问权限；
掌握Object类与其他类的关系以及toString()、equals(Object o)方法的作用；
掌握方法覆盖时必须保证方法原型的一致性；
掌握类型上转型（上溯）和下转型（下溯）的应用；

●参考学时：2学时

●基本要求：

在“实验4”包中编写“实验2.Point”和“实验2.Circle”类的子类“实验4.Point”、“实验4.Circle”，并编写新的构造方法，重写equals()方法和toString()方法；
在“实验4”包中编写测试类实验4.Test，并测试上述方法的正确性。

●实验提示：

equals方法的参数类型必须是Object，访问修饰符必须是public，返回类型必须是boolean，否则该方法不是对从父类继承的public boolean equals(Object obj)方法的覆盖，至多算是该方法的重载。
Circle类的equals方法不能写成如下代码：

public boolean equals(Object obj) {

if(obj instanceof Circle){

Circle c=(Circle)obj;

return c.getRadius()==getRadius() &&

c.getCenter().equals(getCenter());

}

return false;

}

以上代码试图通过c.getCenter().equals(getCenter())语句调用实验4.Point类的equals方法，从而判断圆心是否为同一点。这种写法的错误之处在于实验4.Circle的center变量是实验2.Point类的对象，而实验2.Point类的equals方法并没有判断XY坐标值是否相同。

表4.1 测试案例（仅用于编码测试）

编号	测试目的	输入或测试数据	期望结果
1	成员的private、public修饰	构造方法中直接访问Point类的x、y或Circle类的center、radius	提示语法错误
2	子类的构造方法	创建实验4.Point()对象p1和实验4.Point(0,10)对象p2	p1.getX()结果为0，p1.getY()结果为0，p1.distance(p2)结果为10
3	子类的构造方法	创建实验4.Circle()对象c1和实验4.Circle(0,0,10)对象c2	c1.getCenter().getX()结果为0，c1.getCenter().getY()结果为0，c1.area()为0，c1.perimeter()结果为0，调用c1.relation(c2)结果为“同心圆”
4	toString()方法	调用p1.toString()	返回“(0,0)”
5	toString()方法	调用c1.toString()	返回“(0,0),0”
6	equals()方法	创建实验4.Point()对象p1和实验4.Point(0,10)对象p2	调用p1.equals(p2)时返回false
7	equals()方法	创建实验4.Point()对象p1和实验4.Point(0, 0)对象p2	调用p1.equals(p2)时返回true
8	equals()方法	创建实验4.Point()对象p1和实验2.Point(0, 0)对象p2	调用p1.equals(p2)时返回true
9	equals()方法	创建实验4.Point()对象p1和实验2.Point(0, 0)对象p2	调用p2.equals(p1)时返回false（因为实验2.Point还没有重写equals方法）
10	equals()方法	创建实验4.Circle()对象c1和实验4.Circle(0,0,10)对象c2	调用c1.equals(c2)时返回false
11	equals()方法	创建实验4.Circle()对象c1和实验4.Circle(0,0,0)对象c2	调用c1.equals(c2)时返回true
12	equals()方法	创建实验4.Circle()对象c1、实验4.Point(0,0)对象p和实验4.Circle(p,0)对象c2	调用c1.equals(c2)时返回true 调用c1.equals(p)和p.equals(c1)皆返回false
13	equals()方法	创建实验4.Circle()对象c1、实验2.Point(0,0)对象p和实验4.Circle(p,0)对象c2	调用c1.equals(c2)时返回true
14	equals()方法	创建实验4.Circle()对象c1和实验2.Circle(0,0,0)对象c2	调用c1.equals(c2)时返回true，调用c2.equals(c1)时返回false

代码部分

Circle类

package shiyan4;

import shiyan2.Point;

import static java.lang.Math.PI;

public class Circle extends shiyan2.Circle {
    private Point center;
    private int radius;

    public Circle() {
        center = new Point(0, 0);
        radius = 0;
    }

    public Circle(int x, int y, int r) {
        center = new Point(x, y);
        radius = Math.max(r, 0);
    }

    public Circle(Point c, int r) {
        if (c == null) {
            center = new Point();
        } else {
            center = c;
        }
        radius = Math.max(r, 0);
    }

    public void setRadius(int radius) {
        this.radius = radius;
    }

    public int getRadius() {
        return radius;
    }

    public void setCenter(Point center) {
        if (center == null) {
            this.center = new Point();
        } else {
            this.center = center;
        }
    }

    public Point getCenter() {
        return center;
    }

    public double perimeter() {   //返回圆的周长
        return 2 * PI * this.radius;
    }

    public double area() {
        return PI * this.radius * this.radius;
    }

    public int relation(shiyan4.Circle c) {

        if ((this.center.getX() == c.center.getX()) && (this.center.getY() == c.center.getY()) && (radius == c.radius)) {
            return 0;
        } else if ((this.center.getX() == c.center.getX()) && (this.center.getY() == c.center.getY())) {
            return 1;
        } else if ((c.center.distance(this.center) < this.radius + c.radius) && (c.center.distance(this.center) > Math.abs(this.radius - c.radius))) {
            return 2;
        } else if ((this.center != c.center) && (c.center.distance(this.center) >= (this.radius + c.radius))) {
            return 3;
        } else if ((this.center != c.center) && (c.center.distance(this.center)) <= Math.abs(this.radius - c.radius)) {
            return 4;
        }
        return -1;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        boolean flag = false;
        if (obj instanceof shiyan2.Circle c) {
            if (c.getCenter().getX() == this.center.getX() && c.getCenter().getY() == this.center.getY() && c.getRadius() == this.radius) {
                flag = true;
            }
        }
        return flag;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "圆心坐标:" + "(" + center.getX() + "," + center.getY() + ")" + "  " + "半径" + radius;
    }
}

Point类

package shiyan4;

public class Point extends shiyan2.Point {
    private int x;
    private int y;

    public Point() {
        x = 0;
        y = 0;
    }

    public Point(shiyan2.Point a) {
        if (a == null) {
            this.x = 0;
            this.y = 0;
            return;
        }
        this.x = a.getX();
        this.y = a.getY();
    }

    public Point(int x, int y) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    public int getX() {
        return x;
    }

    public int getY() {
        return y;
    }

    public void setX(int x) {
        this.x = x;
    }

    public void setY(int y) {
        this.y = y;
    }

    public double distance(shiyan4.Point P) {
        return Math.sqrt((this.x - P.x) * (x - P.x) + (this.y - P.y) * (y - P.y));
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        boolean flag = false;
        if (obj instanceof shiyan2.Point p) {
            if (p.getX() == this.getX() && p.getY() == this.getY()) {
                flag = true;
            }
        }
        return flag;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "圆心坐标:" + "(" + getX() + "," + getY() + ")";
    }
}

Test类

package shiyan4;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("--------------分割线1-------------------");
        Point p = new Point();
        Circle c = new Circle();
        //p.x;p.y;c.center;c.radius;

        System.out.println("--------------分割线2-------------------");
        shiyan4.Point p1 = new shiyan4.Point();
        shiyan4.Point p2 = new shiyan4.Point(0, 10);
        System.out.println(p1.getX());
        System.out.println(p1.getY());
        System.out.println(p1.distance(p2));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线3-------------------");
        shiyan4.Circle c1 = new shiyan4.Circle();
        shiyan4.Circle c2 = new shiyan4.Circle(0, 0, 10);
        System.out.println(c1.getCenter().getX());
        System.out.println(c1.getCenter().getY());
        System.out.println(c1.area());
        System.out.println(c1.perimeter());
        int a = c1.relation(c2);
        if (a == 0) {
            System.out.println("同一个圆");
        } else if (a == 1) {
            System.out.println("同心圆");
        } else if (a == 2) {
            System.out.println("相交的圆");
        } else if (a == 3) {
            System.out.println("分离的圆");
        } else if (a == 4) {
            System.out.println("包含的圆");
        }

        System.out.println("--------------分割线4-------------------");
        System.out.println(p1.toString());

        System.out.println("--------------分割线5-------------------");
        System.out.println(c1.toString());

        System.out.println("--------------分割线6-------------------");
        shiyan4.Point p3 = new shiyan4.Point();
        shiyan4.Point p4 = new Point(0, 10);
        System.out.println(p3.equals(p4));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线7-------------------");
        shiyan4.Point p5 = new shiyan4.Point();
        shiyan4.Point p6 = new shiyan4.Point(0, 0);
        System.out.println(p5.equals(p6));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线8-------------------");
        shiyan4.Point p7 = new shiyan4.Point();
        shiyan2.Point p8 = new shiyan2.Point();
        System.out.println(p7.equals(p8));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线9-------------------");
        shiyan4.Point p9 = new shiyan4.Point();
        shiyan2.Point p10 = new shiyan2.Point(0, 0);
        System.out.println(p10.equals(p9));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线10-------------------");
        shiyan4.Circle c3 = new shiyan4.Circle();
        shiyan4.Circle c4 = new shiyan4.Circle(0, 0, 10);
        System.out.println(c3.equals(c4));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线11-------------------");
        shiyan4.Circle c5 = new shiyan4.Circle();
        shiyan4.Circle c6 = new Circle(0, 0, 0);
        System.out.println(c5.equals(c6));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线12-------------------");
        shiyan4.Circle c7 = new shiyan4.Circle();
        shiyan4.Point p11 = new shiyan4.Point(0, 0);
        shiyan4.Circle c8 = new shiyan4.Circle(p11, 0);
        System.out.println(c7.equals(c8));
        System.out.println(c7.equals(p11));
        System.out.println(p11.equals(c7));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线13-------------------");
        shiyan4.Circle c9 = new shiyan4.Circle();
        shiyan2.Point p12 = new shiyan2.Point(0, 0);
        shiyan4.Circle c10 = new shiyan4.Circle(p12, 0);
        System.out.println(c9.equals(c10));

        System.out.println("--------------分割线14-------------------");
        shiyan4.Circle c11 = new shiyan4.Circle();
        shiyan2.Circle c12 = new shiyan2.Circle(0, 0, 0);
        System.out.println(c11.equals(c12));
        System.out.println(c12.equals(c11));
    }
}