多线程--死锁问题

死锁：多个线程互相抱着对方需要的资源，然后形成僵持。
对于自己已有的资源不愿意放手。

package com.yf.syn;

public class DeadLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        MakeUp g1 = new MakeUp(0,"yf1");
        MakeUp g2 = new MakeUp(1,"yf2");
        g1.start();
//        Thread.sleep(2000);
        g2.start();
    }
}
//口红
class LipStick{

}
//镜子
class Mirror{

}

class MakeUp extends Thread{
    //static保证资源只有一份
    private static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();
    private static LipStick lipStick = new LipStick();

    private  int choice;
    private String name;
    public MakeUp(int choice,String name){
        this.choice = choice;
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if(choice == 0){
            synchronized (mirror){
                System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了镜子");
//                sleep(2000);
                synchronized (lipStick){
                    System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了口红");
                }
            }

        }else{
            synchronized (lipStick){
                System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了口红");
//                sleep(2000);
                synchronized (mirror){
                    System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了镜子");
                }

            }

        }
    }
}

上述代码的情况就有可能会锁住，因为线程在拿到一个资源的基础上再想要去拿另外一个资源。
解决办法：要拿另外的资源，先把手里的资源给释放掉。

package com.yf.syn;

public class DeadLock {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        MakeUp g1 = new MakeUp(0,"yf1");
        MakeUp g2 = new MakeUp(1,"yf2");
        g1.start();
//        Thread.sleep(2000);
        g2.start();
    }
}
//口红
class LipStick{

}
//镜子
class Mirror{

}

class MakeUp extends Thread{
    //static保证资源只有一份
    private static Mirror mirror = new Mirror();
    private static LipStick lipStick = new LipStick();

    private  int choice;
    private String name;
    public MakeUp(int choice,String name){
        this.choice = choice;
        this.name = name;
    }
    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            makeup();
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public void makeup() throws InterruptedException {
        if(choice == 0){
            synchronized (mirror){
                System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了镜子");
//                sleep(2000);
            }
            synchronized (lipStick){
                System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了口红");
            }

        }else{
            synchronized (lipStick){
                System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了口红");
//                sleep(2000);
            }
            synchronized (mirror){
                System.out.println(this.name+"拿到了镜子");
            }

        }
    }
}

产生死锁的四个必要条件

• 互斥条件：一个资源每次只能被一个线程使用
• 请求与保持：一个线程因请求资源而阻塞时，对已有资源保持不放
• 不剥夺条件：线程已经获得的资源，在未使用完之前，不能强行剥夺
• 循环等待条件：线程之前形成一种头尾相接的循环等待资源关系