设计模式之建造者模式

建造模式的本质

1. 分离了对象子组件的单独构造(由Builder来负责)和装配(由Director负责)。 从而可以构造出复杂的对象
2. 由于实现了构建和装配的解耦。不同的构建器，相同的装配，也可以做出不同的对象； 相同的构建器，不同的装配顺序也可以做出不同的对象

示例

/**
 * 早餐套餐
 */
public class Breakfast {

    // 主食
    private String food;
    // 饮料
    private String drink;

    public String getFood() {
        return food;
    }

    public void setFood(String food) {
        this.food = food;
    }

    public String getDrink() {
        return drink;
    }

    public void setDrink(String drink) {
        this.drink = drink;
    }

}
/**
 * 早餐套餐
 *
 */
public abstract class BreakfastBuilder {
    // 早餐
    Breakfast breakfast = new Breakfast();

    public abstract void buildFood();

    public abstract void buildDrink();

    public Breakfast getBreakfast() {
        return breakfast;
    }

}
/**
 * 早餐套餐A
 * 
 * @author jonnyjiang
 *
 */
public class BreakfastABuilder extends BreakfastBuilder {

    public void buildFood() {
        breakfast.setFood("油条");
    }

    public void buildDrink() {
        breakfast.setDrink("豆浆");
    }

}
/**
 * 早餐套餐B
 * 
 * @author jonnyjiang
 *
 */
public class BreakfastBBuilder extends BreakfastBuilder {

    public void buildFood() {
        breakfast.setFood("面包");
    }

    public void buildDrink() {
        breakfast.setDrink("牛奶");
    }

}
/**
* 服务员-组装者
*/
public class WaiterDirector {
    private BreakfastBuilder breakfastBuilder;
    public WaiterDirector(BreakfastBuilder breakfastBuilder) {
        this.breakfastBuilder = breakfastBuilder;
    }
    public Breakfast construct() {
        breakfastBuilder.buildFood();
        breakfastBuilder.buildDrink();
        return breakfastBuilder.getBreakfast();
    }
}
public class Client {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 套餐A
        BreakfastBuilder breakfastBuilder = new BreakfastABuilder();
        // 告诉服务员要套餐A
        WaiterDirector waiterDirector = new WaiterDirector(breakfastBuilder);
        // 套餐A制造完
        Breakfast breakfast = waiterDirector.construct();
        System.out.println("食物：" + breakfast.getFood() + ";饮品：" + breakfast.getDrink());
        // 套餐B
        BreakfastBuilder breakfastBuilder2 = new BreakfastBBuilder();
        // 告诉服务员要套餐B
        WaiterDirector waiterDirector2 = new WaiterDirector(breakfastBuilder2);
        // 套餐B制造完
        Breakfast breakfast2 = waiterDirector2.construct();
        System.out.println("食物：" + breakfast2.getFood() + "；   " + "饮品：" + breakfast2.getDrink());
    }
}

开发中应用场景

– StringBuilder类的append方法
– SQL中的PreparedStatement
– JDOM中，DomBuilder、SAXBuilder