lamp架构一、源码安装nginx、mysql、php及建立连接

1.源码安装nginx

yum install gcc pcre-devel openssl-devel
tar zxf nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.18.0/

[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# ls
auto  CHANGES  CHANGES.ru  conf  configure  contrib  html  LICENSE  man  README  src

[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# vim auto/cc/gcc ##关闭debug

# debug
#CFLAGS="$CFLAGS -g"

• [root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

• [root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]#make && make install
  make 编译 makefile的文件

[root@server1 nginx-1.18.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx/
[root@server1 nginx]# ls
conf html logs sbin
[root@server1 nginx]# du -sh *
72K conf
8.0K html
0 logs

[root@server1 ~]# vim .bash_profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin
[root@server1 ~]# source .bash_profile
将nginx的执行路径加入环境变量中，就可以直接使用nginx命令
参考ls

[root@server1 ~]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin

此时which nginx才可以查询
[root@server1 ~]# which nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

[root@server1 ~]# nginx 开启

[root@server1 ~]# netstat -antlp

nginx 开启
80 端口
nginx 再次开启的时候，需要重载
nginx -s reload
nginx -s stop 关闭

curl localhost

2. Mysql 安装

软件包依赖性:

• yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ make ncurses-devel bison openssl-devel zlib-devel cmake

tar zxvf mysql-5.5.12.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.12

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
#安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
#数据库存放目录
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock \ #Unix socket 文件路径
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
#安装 myisam 存储引擎
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
#安装 innodb 存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
#安装 archive 存储引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
#安装 blackhole 存储引擎
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
#安装数据库分区
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
#允许从本地导入数据
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
#快捷键功能
-DWITH_SSL=yes \
#支持 SSL
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
#使用 utf8 字符
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
#校验字符
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
#安装所有扩展字符集
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
#MySQL 监听端口

make && make install

重新编译时,需要清除旧的对象文件和缓存信息

make clean
rm -f CmakeCache.txt

• 根据你的主机内存复制 mysql 配置文件
  cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/local/mysql/ /etc/init.d/mysqld

在安装的时候有指定路径
[root@server1 support-files]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[root@server1 support-files]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0

写进path之后才可以用which查看
[root@server1 ~]# vim .bash_profile

[root@server1 ~]# source .bash_profile
[root@server1 ~]# which mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql

useradd -u 1000 -M -d /usr/local/mysql/data -s /sbin/nologin mysql

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

生成data数据目录

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

• mysql_secure_installation
  #按提示完成 mysql 安全设置,生产环境推荐使用

Enter password for user root: 输入上图中生成的密码
两次回车，三次y

mysql -p 查看

3.php 源码安装

yum install bzip2 -y 
tar jxf php-7.4.12.tar.bz2 
安装编译所需的包
yum install -y systemd-devel.x86_64 libxml2-devel.x86_64  sqlite-devel.x86_64 oniguruma-devel-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm oniguruma-6.8.2-1.el7.x86_64.rpm libevent-devel-1.4.13-4.el6.x86_64.rpm libevent-doc-1.4.13-4.el6.noarch.rpm libevent-headers-1.4.13-4.el6.noarch.rpm libpng-devel.x86_64

• 配置nginx

useradd -M -d /usr/local/nginx/ -s /sbin/nologin nginx

cd /usr/local/nginx/conf/
vim nginx.conf

nginx
nginx -s reload

ps -aux
nginx 3842 0.0 0.0 46420 2024 ? S 08:46 0:00 nginx: worker p

[root@server1 conf]# cd
[root@server1 ~]# ls
mysql-5.7.31               nginx-1.18.0         php-7.4.12
mysql-boost-5.7.31.tar.gz  nginx-1.18.0.tar.gz  php-7.4.12.tar.bz2
[root@server1 ~]# cd php-7.4.12/
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# ls
appveyor             configure.ac     pear                 tests
azure                CONTRIBUTING.md  php.ini-development  travis
azure-pipelines.yml  docs             php.ini-production   TSRM
build                ext              README.md            UPGRADING
buildconf            EXTENSIONS       README.REDIST.BINS   UPGRADING.INTERNALS
buildconf.bat        LICENSE          run-tests.php        win32
CODING_STANDARDS.md  main             sapi                 Zend
configure            NEWS             scripts

• 编译

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --enable-mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql --with-mysqli --with-openssl-dir --enable-gd --with-zlib-dir --with-curl --with-pear --enable-inline-optimization --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-mbstring --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=nginx --with-fpm-group=nginx --with-fpm-systemd

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# make && make install

nginx接受动态请求： 调用php

parAM：nginx php保持同步

[root@server1 fpm]# pwd
/root/php-7.4.12/sapi/fpm

[root@server1 fpm]# cp init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@server1 fpm]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
[root@server1 fpm]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm
Usage: /etc/init.d/php-fpm {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload|status|configtest}

[root@server1 fpm]# cd /usr/local/php/
[root@server1 php]# ls
bin etc include lib php sbin var
[root@server1 php]# cd etc/
[root@server1 etc]# ls
pear.conf php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.d
[root@server1 etc]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@server1 etc]# vim php-fpm.conf
去掉pid注释
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

[root@server1 etc]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# ls
www.conf.default
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@server1 php-fpm.d]# vim www.conf

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done

[root@server1 conf]# pwd
/usr/local/nginx/conf
[root@server1 conf]# vim nginx.conf
location / {
root html;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}

    location ~ \.php$ {
        root           html;
        fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        include        fastcgi.conf;
    }

[root@server1 conf]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system

[root@server1 system]# vim nginx.service

[root@server1 system]# cat nginx.service 
[Unit]
Description=The NGINX HTTP and reverse proxy server
After=syslog.target network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

nginx -s stop
[root@server1 system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@server1 system]# systemctl start nginx
systemctl enable nginx

[root@server1 php-7.4.12]# cd sapi/fpm/
[root@server1 fpm]# ls
[root@server1 fpm]# cp php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@server1 fpm]# cd /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@server1 system]# vim php-fpm.service
#ProtectSystem=full##注释掉
[root@server1 system]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@server1 system]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@server1 system]# systemctl enable php-fpm

[root@server1 system]# cd /usr/local/nginx/html/
[root@server1 html]# ls
50x.html index.html
[root@server1 html]# vim index.php
[root@server1 html]# cat index.
cat: index.: No such file or directory
[root@server1 html]# cat index.php

<?php phpinfo() ?>

systemctl reload php-fpm

[root@server1 html]# setenforce 0
[root@server1 html]# systemctl disable --now firewalld.service

nginx: 高并发

nginx只能处理静态----动态交给 fas ----> 递交给后端php-fpm 9000处理的时候从 memca 取 交给nginx ----再返回给client

解决：()
在nginx放缓存，处理一次后放在nginx的缓存中，再次请求，直接从nginx缓存中取

数据库连接

• /etc/init.d/mysqld start

[root@server1 ~]# vim .bash_profile 
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/local/nginx/sbin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/php/bin
[root@server1 ~]# source .bash_profile 

• vim /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

pdo_mysql.default_socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

• systemctl reload php-fpm

[root@server1 ~]# mv phpMyAdmin-5.0.2-all-languages /usr/local/nginx/html/phpadmin
[root@server1 ~]# cd -
/usr/local/mysql
[root@server1 mysql]# ls
bin  data  docs  include  lib  LICENSE  man  mysql-test  README  README-test  share  support-files
[root@server1 mysql]# ls -ld data/
drwxr-x---. 5 mysql mysql 4096 Apr  3 11:07 data/
[root@server1 mysql]# chmod 755 /usr/local/mysql/data/