Jasper编程方式实现报表导出

项目里用到了jasperreport，平时都是用ireport来设计好报表模板直接使用就好了，但是碰到动态表头等情况就比较麻烦了，而且有些报表可能仅是针对一个数据表或者说一个实体对象的操作，对于这种报表一个个设计JRXML也比较麻烦，尝试了一下编程的方式来生成报表，只是个简单的测试。在网上找一些资料发现纯编程来写报表的相关内容很少，也是看了相关的API后才写了个例子。

ReportProcess.java是一个简单的用来构造、编译并导出报表的类。
[code]
package jasper.test;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperExportManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperFillManager;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperPrint;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperReport;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.design.JRDesignBand;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.design.JRDesignExpression;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.design.JRDesignField;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.design.JRDesignStaticText;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.design.JRDesignTextField;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.design.JasperDesign;

public class ReportProcess {

public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
JasperReport jp = getJasperReport();
InputStream in = new FileInputStream(
"src/test/java/jasper/test/Data.csv");// 换成自己目录
CsvDataSource csvDataSource = new CsvDataSource(
new InputStreamReader(in));
in.close();

JasperPrint jpr = JasperFillManager.fillReport(jp, null,
csvDataSource);
JasperExportManager.exportReportToHtmlFile(jpr, "c:/test.html");//　写的时候随便指定了个查看的目录
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public static JasperReport getJasperReport() throws JRException {
JasperDesign design = new JasperDesign();
design.setName("testReport");

JRDesignBand title = new JRDesignBand();
title.setHeight(50);
JRDesignStaticText titleText = new JRDesignStaticText();
titleText.setText("test report");
titleText.setX(230);
titleText.setFontSize(20);
titleText.setHeight(50);
titleText.setWidth(100);
title.addElement(titleText);
design.setTitle(title);

String[] headers = { "name", "age", "gender", "like" };
JRDesignBand columnHeader = new JRDesignBand();
columnHeader.setHeight(30);

JRDesignBand detail = new JRDesignBand();
detail.setHeight(30);

for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i++) {
// add column headers
JRDesignStaticText staticText = new JRDesignStaticText();
staticText.setText(headers[i]);
staticText.setFontSize(16);
staticText.setHeight(30);
staticText.setWidth(50);
staticText.setX(50 * i);
columnHeader.addElement(staticText);

// define fields
JRDesignField field = new JRDesignField();
field.setName(headers[i]);
field.setValueClass(String.class);
design.addField(field);

// add text fields for displaying fields
JRDesignTextField textField = new JRDesignTextField();
JRDesignExpression expression = new JRDesignExpression();
expression.setText("$F{" + headers[i] + "}");
expression.setValueClass(String.class);
textField.setExpression(expression);
textField.setFontSize(14);
textField.setHeight(30);
textField.setWidth(50);
textField.setX(50 * i);
detail.addElement(textField);
}
design.setColumnHeader(columnHeader);
design.setDetail(detail);

return JasperCompileManager.compileReport(design);
}

}
[/code]

CsvDataSource.java是摘自JASER例子里的一个数据源实现，有现成的做例子的时候就拿来用了，用这个比较简单，不用写数据库那一堆。
[code]
package jasper.test;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.List;

import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRException;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRField;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JRRewindableDataSource;
import au.com.bytecode.opencsv.CSVReader;

/**
*
* 这个类摘自JASPER带的一个例子里的CSV数据源实现。
*
*/
public class CsvDataSource implements JRRewindableDataSource {
private CSVReader csvReader;
private List rows;
private int currentRowIndex = -1;
private int currentColIndex = 0;
private int totalRows;

public CsvDataSource(Reader reader) {
try {
csvReader = new CSVReader(reader);
rows = csvReader.readAll();
totalRows = rows.size();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public boolean next() throws JRException {
boolean retVal = true;

currentRowIndex++;
currentColIndex = 0;

if (currentRowIndex >= totalRows) {
retVal = false;
}

return retVal;
}

public Object getFieldValue(JRField arg0) throws JRException {
String value = null;
String[] currentRow = (String[]) rows.get(currentRowIndex);

value = currentRow[currentColIndex];
currentColIndex++;

return value;
}

public void moveFirst() throws JRException {
currentRowIndex = 0;
currentColIndex = 0;
}
}
[/code]

Data.csv里的数据。
[code]
jim,12,male,basketball
lily,13,female,dancing
david,23,male,swimming
su,23,female,running
[/code]

结果大致是这个样子。
[code]
test report
name age gender like
jim 12 male basketb
lily 13 female dancing
david 23 male swimmi
su 23 female running
[/code]

这里就是个实验性的代码，但至少可以知道，我们可以通过一些手段来编程处理JASPER的报表。可以写得更完善一些，动态获取表头个数与内容，写QUERY查询，填充报表。
比如一张表有一部分表头是不定的，那就可以在程序中追加表头定义，追加字段定义等。