0 前言
IoC容器主要分为两个阶段:IoC容器启动和依赖注入。
在上节
Spring原理与源码分析系列(四)- Spring IoC源码分析(上) 我们已经从源码的角度分析了IoC容器的启动过程,本篇将要讲述依赖注入过程的源码分析。
二、IoC容器的依赖注入
在IoC容器的初始化完成后,就已经在容器内建立了BeanDefinition数据映射。
接下来就需要开始依赖注入了。
首先通过getBean()触发依赖注入这个过程,这个过程主要分为两个步骤:
- 1 Bean的对象实例化(Instantiate the Bean):createBeanInstance();
- 2 对象关系的依赖注入:populate()。
下面来看看具体的实现过程。
首先是用户调用getBean()方法,这个方法是依赖注入的入口,会触发依赖注入的过程。
AbstractBeanFactory.java
Override
public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
}
@Override
public <T> T getBean(String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
}
@Override
public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, null, args, false);
}
public <T> T getBean(String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object... args)
throws BeansException {
return doGetBean(name, requiredType, args, false);
}
实际取得Bean的地方,也是依赖注入发生的地方:
AbstractBeanFactory.java
//实际取得Bean的地方,触发依赖注入发生的地方
protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
@Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {
final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
Object bean;
// 先从缓存中取得Bean。如果是单例,就不需要再创建
Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
}
else {
logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
}
//完成FactoryBean的相关处理
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
}
else {
// Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
// We're assumably within a circular reference.
if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
}
//检查IoC容器中beanName对应的BeanDefinition是否存在,如果当前容器不存在,
// 则到双亲BeanFactory(parentBeanFactory)去寻找;
//如果当前双亲BeanFactory不存在,就顺着双亲BeanFactory链一直向上查找
// Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
// Not found -> check parent.
String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
}
else if (args != null) {
// 在双亲BeanFactory中查找
return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
}
else {
// No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
}
}
if (!typeCheckOnly) {
markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
}
try {
//根据beanName取得BeanDefinition
final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);
// 获得当前Bean的所有依赖Bean。触发getBean的递归调用
String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
if (dependsOn != null) {
for (String dep : dependsOn) {
if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
"Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
}
registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
getBean(dep);
}
}
// 在getSingleton调用ObjectFactory中的createBean(),创建Singleton Bean的实例
if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
try {
//触发Bean的创建
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
// Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
// eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
// Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
destroySingleton(beanName);
throw ex;
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
//创建Prototype Bean的实例
else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
// It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
Object prototypeInstance = null;
try {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
//触发Bean的创建
prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
//获取指定Scope类型的Bean
else {
String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
if (scope == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
}
try {
Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
try {
//触发Bean的创建
return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
}
finally {
afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
}
});
bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
}
catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
"defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
ex);
}
}
}
catch (BeansException ex) {
cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
throw ex;
}
}
// 对创建的Bean进行类型检查。如果没有问题,则返回新创建的Bean。这个Bean已经包含了依赖关系
if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
try {
T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
if (convertedBean == null) {
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
return convertedBean;
}
catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
}
throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
}
}
return (T) bean;
}
可以看到,在用户调用getBean()方法后,会调用doGetBean()方法,然后再调用createBean()方法进行Bean的创建以及依赖注入过程。
接下来我们就来看 看Bean是如何被创建以及对象关系的依赖注入的。
1 Bean的对象实例化(Instantiate the Bean)
当调用createBean()方法时,会进入
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中。
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java
@Override
protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
throws BeanCreationException {
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
}
RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;
// 判断需要创建的Bean是否可以实例化(接口不能被实例化)以及该类能否被类加载器加载
Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
if (