Servlet的使用，request和response

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-04 11:58:04 发布

Yuan_bao24

最新推荐文章于 2022-03-04 11:58:04 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/nongxi6701/article/details/100361074

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一 servlet概述和简单创建

servlet 是java server applet 的简称，称为小服务器程序，用于功能交互式浏览和修改数据，生成动态web内容；

创建的时候在包下new找创建servlet，就有一个直接写好的框架；

2.常见的错误

1.404 资源找不到：a.网站上面跟value不一样，

b.tomcat上没有更改文件夹

2.400 badRequest 客户端请求有语法错误，不能被服务器所理解

3.403服务器收到请求，但是拒绝提供服务

4.500 不可预知错误

5.503当前不能处理客户端请求，一段时间后可能会恢复正常。

两种创建方式 1实现servlet接口 2.继承httpservlet

1.实现servlet接口


@WebServlet(name = "MyServlet",value = "/myservlet")//value需要写上，斜杠写上，在Tomcat改好配置，在网站上直接写这个即可访问
public class Servlet implements javax.servlet.Servlet {
    @Override
    public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("初始化servlet---init"+this.hashCode());
    }

    @Override
    public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("服务方法---------------service--------"+this.hashCode());
    }

    @Override
    public String getServletInfo() {
        System.out.println("获取Servlet配置------------getServletConfig----"+this.hashCode());
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("------销毁----------destroy---------"+this.hashCode());
    }
}

2.继承点击servlet即可里面创建一个

@WebServlet(name = "UseServlet")
public class UseServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

@webservlet注解里面 name可以随便写，value配置url路径，urlpatterns 和value作用一样不能同时使用，loadonstartup配置创建时机，0或者正数启动程序时建立，负数时访问时创建。数字越小优先级越高。

获取表单的信息：

html页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>欢迎页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎你</h1>
<div>
<form action="HelloServlet">
<label>姓名：</label><input name="name"><br/>
<label>年龄：</label><input  name="age"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

servlet代码

@WebServlet(name = "FormServlet")
public class FormServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        String age = request.getParameter("age");
        //获取姓名可能会出现乱码
        name=new String(name.getByte("ISO8859-1"),"utf-8");
        System.out.println(request.getRemoteAddr()+"发过来的信息姓名和电话"+name+age);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

注册信息的提交代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>用户注册</title>
</head>
<body>
	<h1>用户注册</h1>
	<form action="/myxiaomi/registerservlet" method="post">
	<table>
		<tr>
			<td>用户名:</td>
			<td>
				<input type="text" name="username">
			</td>
		
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>密码:</td>
			<td>
				<input type="password" name="pwd">
			</td>
		
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>确认密码:</td>
			<td>
				<input type="password" name="repwd">
			</td>
		
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>邮箱:</td>
			<td>
				<input type="email" name="email">
			</td>
		
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td>性别</td>
			<td>
				<input type="radio" name="gender" value="男" checked="checked">男
				<input type="radio" name="gender" value="女">女
			</td>
		
		</tr>
		<tr>
			
			<td colspan="2">
				<input type="submit" value="提交">
				<input type="reset" value="重置">
			</td>
		
		</tr>
	</table>
	
	</form>
</body>
</html>

servlet代码

@WebServlet(name = "RegistServlet",value = "registservlet")
public class RegistServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //注册
        //1.解决编码问题
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("type/html;charset=utf-8");
        //2.获取数据
        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        //3.验证数据是否可以收到正常的数据
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        if (username==null||username.trim().equals("")){
            out.write("用户不能为空");
            return;
        }
        if (password==null||password.trim().equals("")){
            out.write("密码不能为空");
            return;
        }
        //4.把数据保存到数据库中,下面的这些用到了与数据库的连接
        Connection connection=null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement=null;

        try {
            //a.注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            //b.获取连接
            connection= DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_shopping", "root", "0810" );
            //c.创建命令
            preparedStatement=connection.prepareStatement("insert into tb_user(username,password) values(?,?)");
            //d.设置参数
            preparedStatement.setString(1,username );
            preparedStatement.setString(2,password );
            //e.执行sql命令
            int result=preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            if (result>0){
                out.write("注册成功");
            }else {
                out.write("注册失败");   
            }
            
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            if (connection!=null){
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (preparedStatement!=null){
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            
        }


    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

request和response

重定向通过各种方法将网络重新定个方向转到其他位置

java web服务端控制页面跳转主要有两种：重定向和转发

html代码 index

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>网站首页</title>
</head>
<body>
	欢迎进入xxx管理系统............
</body>
</html>

html首页代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>登录页面</title>
</head>
<body>
	<div>
		<form action="/day12web1/login" method="post">
			<label>账号：</label><input name="un"/><br/>
			<label>密码：</label><input type="password" name="pw"/><br/>
			<input type="submit" value="登录"/>
		</form>
	</div>
	<h5><a href="register.html">还没账号请注册</a></h5>
</body>
</html>

重定向java代码

@WebServlet(name = "reServlet")
public class reServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String name = request.getParameter("name");
        String age = request.getParameter("age");
        //服务器输出打印
        System.out.println(name+age);
        //重定向
        response.sendRedirect("index.html");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);
    }
}

路径问题：

绝对路径：用于不同网站之间的跳转，写的很全问题不大

相对路径：用在同一个网站中，仅限静态资源，页面比较多的时候使用框架会出现混乱。

根路径：根指定就是主机名表示http：//localhost：8080/

servlet中可以使用的内置对象主要有：request response application session out（printwrite)

response练习：用户下载服务器图片代码，图片放到web文件夹下面

@WebServlet(name = "ImgServlet",value = "/imgservlet")
public class ImgServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.读取
        ServletContext application = this.getServletContext();
        String realPath = application.getRealPath("24.jpg");
        response.setHeader("content-disposition", "attachment;filename="+ URLEncoder.encode("叶承卓.jpg","utf-8" ));
        FileInputStream fis=new FileInputStream(realPath);

        ServletOutputStream os=response.getOutputStream();
        byte[] buf=new byte[1024*4];
        int len=-1;
        while ((len=fis.read(buf))!=-1){
            os.write(buf,0,len);
        }
        fis.close();
        os.close();
        System.out.println("执行完毕");
    }
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doPost(request, response);

    }
}

2.页面中添加验证码：

@WebServlet(name = "CodeServlet",value = "/codeservlet")
public class CodeServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Validatecode code=new ValidateCode(200,50,6,200);
        System.out.println(code.getCode);
        code.write(response.getOutputStream());
    }
}

封装请求参数：

将数据封装到实体类上，

a.使用getparameter获取string

b.使用反射解析

c.使用beanutils进行快速映射，导出beanutils对应的jar包，logging日志，commons-collection-3.2.1.jar，映射2

BeanUtils.populate（bean2，request.getParameterMap()）;

system.out.println(bean2);

Yuan_bao24

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Servlet的使用，request和response

一 servlet概述和简单创建servlet 是java server applet 的简称，称为小服务器程序，用于功能交互式浏览和修改数据，生成动态web内容；创建的时候在包下new找创建servlet，就有一个直接写好的框架；2.常见的错误1.404 资源找不到：a.网站上面跟value不一样， b.tom...
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